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Alcohol effects on hepatic lipid metabolism
Open accessAbstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. ALD begins with simple hepatic steatosis and progresses to alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The severity of hepatic steatosis is highly associated with the development of later stages of ALD. This review explores the disturbances of alcohol-induced hepatic lipid metabolism through altered hepatic lipid uptake, de novo lipid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, hepatic lipid export, and lipid droplet formation and catabolism. In addition, we review emerging data on the contributions of genetics and bioactive lipid metabolism in alcohol-induced hepatic lipid accumulation.
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“It should be noted that alcohol-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation is considered the most significant contribution to lipid accumulation in the liver [46].”
From Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver (2021) · cites this paper as [46]
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Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism
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Sorted by citations
Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver
Hyun, J., Han, J., Lee, C., Yoon, M., & Jung, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115717 · Cited by 324
Microbiome-derived ethanol in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Meijnikman, A. S., Davids, M., Herrema, H., Aydin, O., Tremaroli, V., Rios-Morales, M., Levels, H., Bruin, S., de Brauw, M., Verheij, J., et al. (2022) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02016-6 · Cited by 215
“If produced chronically in relevant amounts, microbially produced ethanol could have the ability to alter lipid and glucose metabolism and induce steatosis and inflammation in the liver 12 .”
BackgroundThe intersection between alcohol-related liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Díaz, L. A., Arab, J. P., Louvet, A., Bataller, R., & Arrese, M. (2023) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-023-00822-y · Cited by 207
“In addition, alcohol also decreases mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids and VLDL secretion from the liver, thereby promoting net increased hepatic lipid accumulation 88 .”
BackgroundConvergent somatic mutations in metabolism genes in chronic liver disease
Ng, S. W. K., Rouhani, F. J., Brunner, S. F., Brzozowska, N., Aitken, S. J., Yang, M., Abascal, F., Moore, L., Nikitopoulou, E., Chappell, L., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03974-6 · Cited by 190
Hrncir, T., Hrncirova, L., Kverka, M., Hromádka, R., Machova, V., Trckova, E., Kostovcikova, K., Králíčková, P., Krejsek, J., & Tlaskalová‐Hogenová, H. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9050957 · Cited by 183
“In the liver, ethanol disrupts lipid metabolism by inducing fatty acid uptake and de novo lipogenesis, impairing fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting VLDL export [102].”
BackgroundNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: Two Intertwined Entities
Idalsoaga, F., Kulkarni, A. V., Mousa, O. Y., Arrese, M., & Arab, J. P. (2020) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00448 · Cited by 136
Lai, W., Zhang, J., Sun, J., Min, T., Bai, Y., He, J., Cao, H., Che, Q., Guo, J., & Su, Z. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134809 · Cited by 89
Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Disease: Current Trends and Future Directions
Wazir, H., Abid, M., Essani, B., Saeed, H., Khan, M. A., Nasrullah, F., Qadeer, U., Khalid, A., Varrassi, G., Muzammil, M. A., et al. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.49920 · Cited by 82
“This can lead to a higher risk of bleeding disorders and malnutrition, further complicating the overall health of individuals with advanced liver diseases [15].”
BackgroundGut-liver axis: Recent concepts in pathophysiology in alcohol-associated liver disease
Raya Tonetti, F., Eguileor, A., Mrdjen, M., Pathak, V., Travers, J., Nagy, L. E., & Llorente, C. (2024) · Hepatology · doi:10.1097/hep.0000000000000924 · Cited by 78
Hepatocellular carcinoma and lipid metabolism: Novel targets and therapeutic strategies
Cao, L.-Q., Xie, Y., Fleishman, J. S., Liu, X., & Chen, Z. (2024) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217061 · Cited by 76
Key Players of Hepatic Fibrosis
Dawood, R. M., El-Meguid, M. A., Salum, G. M., & Awady, M. K. E. (2020) · Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · doi:10.1089/jir.2020.0059 · Cited by 68
“The mechanism of lipid accumulation in the liver during alcohol consumption is related to the effect of ethanol to reduce the rate of the b -oxidation and to stimulate fatty acid uptake (Jeon and Carr 2020).”
Hu, M., Chen, Y., Deng, F., Chang, B.-C., Luo, J.-L., Dong, L.-J., Lu, X., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., & Zhou, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.877650 · Cited by 59
“Hepatic steatosis is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes due to imbalanced lipid metabolism, driven mainly by reduced FAO, whereas increased de novo lipogenesis (60).”
BackgroundLiu, M., Mu, J., Wang, M., Hu, C., Ji, J., Wen, C., & Zhang, D. (2023) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131918 · Cited by 66
Sudhakaran, G., Prathap, P., Guru, A., Haridevamuthu, B., Murugan, R., Almutairi, B. O., Almutairi, M. H., Juliet, A., Gopinath, P., & Arockiaraj, J. (2022) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-022-04448-7 · Cited by 56
“Fatty acids, ceramides, and phospholipids, for example, have all been linked to ALD pathogenesis [41].”
BackgroundAlcohol-associated liver disease: Natural history, management and novel targeted therapies
Alvarado‐Tápias, E., Pose, E., Gratacós‐Ginès, J., Clemente, A. P. G., López‐Pelayo, H., & Bataller, R. A. (2024) · Clinical and Molecular Hepatology · doi:10.3350/cmh.2024.0709 · Cited by 55
“Moreover, alcohol damages the mitochondria and microtubules, accumulating very low-density lipoprotein(96).”
BackgroundInfluentialYan, T., Zhang, Y., Lu, H., Zhao, J., Wen, C.-R., Song, S., Ai, C., & Yang, J.-F. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129908 · Cited by 45
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“The NADH generated by alcohol metabolism inhibits metabolic pathways, including the Krebs cycle and mitochondrial β-oxidation (reviewed in [21,23,28] Gene transcription of the β oxidation pathway [23] is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), a key transcription factor that has been imp…”
BackgroundChen, Y., Ma, H., Liang, J., Sun, C., Wang, D., Chen, K., Zhao, J., Ji, S., Ma, C., Ye, X., et al. (2024) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140460 · Cited by 44
Wang, X., Sun, Z., Wang, X., Li, M., Zhou, B., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114489 · Cited by 42
Ma, Y., Zhang, G., Kuang, Z., Xu, Q., Ye, T., Li, X., Qu, N., Han, F., Kan, C., & Sun, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.944886 · Cited by 35
“Lipid metabolism contains the fatty acids and triglycerides metabolism, involving in triglycerides accumulation, fatty acid oxidation, and de novo lipogenesis (Jeon and Carr, 2020).”
BackgroundExcessive alcohol consumption: a driver of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation
Lee, J., Lee, J., & Kang, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Toxicology · doi:10.3389/ftox.2025.1670769 · Cited by 44
“Moreover, depletion of NAD + levels due to alcohol oxidation can impair energy-generating pathways, including mitochondrial β -oxidation of fatty acids and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, further exacerbating metabolic dysfunction (Bailey and Cunningham, 2002; Jeon and Carr, 2020).”
Understanding NAFLD: From Case Identification to Interventions, Outcomes, and Future Perspectives
Clayton‐Chubb, D., Kemp, W. W., Majeed, A., Lubel, J. S., Hodge, A., & Roberts, S. K. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15030687 · Cited by 45
“Additionally, ethanol increases hepatic uptake of fatty acids [147] and impairs a concurrent homeostatic increase in hepatic VLDL synthesis [147].”
BackgroundLiu, H., Kang, X., Yang, X., Yang, H., Kuang, X., Ren, P., Yan, H., Shen, X., Kang, Y., Li, L., et al. (2022) · Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins · doi:10.1007/s12602-022-10005-x · Cited by 44
“Alcohol affects the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism, especially in triglyceride metabolism [12].”
BackgroundMetALD : New Perspectives on an Old Overlooked Disease
Ayares, G., Díaz, L. A., Idalsoaga, F. J., Alkhouri, N., Noureddin, M., Bataller, R. A., Loomba, R. S., Arab, J. P., & Arrese, M. A. (2025) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.70017 · Cited by 34
“Regarding lipid metabolism, chronic alcohol consumption directly increases FFA uptake and hepatic DNL in hepatocytes, while simultaneously decreasing mitochondrial β-oxidation and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, thus promoting net increased hepatic lipid accumulation [32, 41].”
Mathur, M., Yeh, Y.-T., Arya, R. K., Jiang, L., Pornour, M., Chen, W.-P., Ma, Y.-Y., Gao, B., He, L., Ying, Z., et al. (2022) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32675 · Cited by 36
“Multiple mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of alcohol‐induced hepatic steatosis, including decreases in FA oxidation and VLDL secretion as well as increases in adipose lipolysis, hepatic lipogenesis, and hepatic FA uptake.[30] Surprisingly, we found that hepatic expression levels of mRNAs for F IGURE…”
BackgroundExperimental models of metabolic and alcoholic fatty liver disease
Buyco, D. G., Martin, J., Jeon, S., Hooks, R., Lin, C., & Carr, R. M. (2020) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v27.i1.1 · Cited by 41
Self-citationSevere hypertriglyceridemia: Existing and emerging therapies
Malick, W. A., Do, R., & Rosenson, R. S. (2023) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108544 · Cited by 44
Key Signaling in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: The Role of Bile Acids
Way, G. W., Jackson, K. G., Muscu, S., & Zhou, H. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11081374 · Cited by 36
“The most significant cause of ALD hepatocellular fatty acid accumulation is ethanol inhibition of mitochondrial β-oxidation [40,44].”
BackgroundInfluentialUnraveling the Gut–Liver–Brain Axis: Microbiome, Inflammation, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches
Aghara, H., Patel, M., Chadha, P., Parwani, K., Chaturvedi, R., & Mandal, P. (2025) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/mi/6733477 · Cited by 39
“Elevated CYP2E1 activity also induces early growth response genes and increases sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) transcription, promoting de novo lipogenesis via acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) [79 – 81].”
Pathogenesis of Alcohol-Associated Fatty Liver: Lessons From Transgenic Mice
Ferdouse, A., & Clugston, R. D. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.940974 · Cited by 33
“Circulating free FAs derived from adipose lipolysis are directly taken up by hepatocytes with the help of FA transport proteins (FATPs) or FA translocase/CD36 (Kang et al., 2007; Jeon and Carr, 2020).”
BackgroundInfluentialLiver-specific ceramide reduction alleviates steatosis and insulin resistance in alcohol-fed mice
Correnti, J., Lin, C., Brettschneider, J., Kuriakose, A., Jeon, S., Scorletti, E., Oranu, A. C., McIver-Jenkins, D., Kaneza, I., Buyco, D. G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.ra119000446 · Cited by 38
“ALD is a complex metabolic disease and is de - fined in large part by alcohol’s direct and indirect effects on hepatic lipid metabolism and its systemic effects on glu - cose tolerance that begin during the stage of hepatic ste - atosis (3, 37).”
Self-citationMitochondrial quality control in alcohol-associated liver disease
Thoudam, T., Gao, H., Jiang, Y., Huda, N., Yang, Z., Ma, J., & Liangpunsakul, S. (2024) · Hepatology Communications · doi:10.1097/hc9.0000000000000534 · Cited by 34
“[10] Citrate is transported out of the mitochondria into the cytosol through the mitochondrial citrate carrier (SLC25A1), where it undergoes a series of enzymatic reactions involving ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) to form malonyl Coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA).”
BackgroundRoles of the complement system in alcohol-induced liver disease
Zhou, Y., Yuan, G.-D., Zhong, F., & He, S.-Q. (2020) · Clinical and Molecular Hepatology · doi:10.3350/cmh.2020.0094 · Cited by 30
“The liver is a predominant organ for the metabolism of alcohol and lipids.(24) It is generally accepted that in the pathogenesis of AFLD, alcohol, as the “first strike,” causes the disorder of lipid metabolism and the heterotopic deposition of triglycerides in hepatocytes.”
BackgroundKe, X.-M., Zhang, R., Li, P., Zuo, L., Wang, M., Yang, J.-X., & Wang, J.-W. (2022) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.009 · Cited by 29
Present and Future Perspectives in the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis
Cerrito, L., Galasso, L., Iaccarino, J., Pizzi, A., Termite, F., Esposto, G., Borriello, R., Ainora, M. E., Gasbarrini, A., & Zocco, M. A. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18091321 · Cited by 29
“Alcohol-related injury involves oxidative stress and lipid dysregulation [8–10], whereas viral hepatitis promotes fibrosis through immune-mediated mechanisms, with coinfections (e.g., HBV/HDV or HCV) accelerating progression toward cirrhosis and HCC [11–17].”
Yu, H., Bai, Q.-R., Guo, J.-J., Chen, M.-Y., Wang, L., Tong, F.-C., Zhang, S., & Wu, J. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155956 · Cited by 27
Effect of natural polysaccharides on alcoholic liver disease: A review
Li, S., Zhou, X., Chen, R., Zhang, Q., Sun, Y., & Chen, H. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126317 · Cited by 28
Haas, E. A., Saad, M. J. A., Santos, A., Vitulo, N., Lemos, W. J. F., Martins, A. M. A., Picossi, C. R. C., Favarato, D., Gaspar, R. S., Magro, D. O., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac286 · Cited by 33
“Alcohol intake may also have influenced energy metabolism, affecting hepatic lipid metabolism, such as fatty acid uptake and de novo lipid synthesis (60, 61).”
BackgroundIlić, M., Pang, H.-W., Vlaški, T., Grujicic, M., & Novaković, B. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17389-7 · Cited by 26
“Thus, excessive alcohol intake may contribute to weight gain through various mechanisms, such as increased caloric intake [44], alterations in metabolism [45], and the promotion of adipogenesis [46].”
BackgroundWei, L., Luo, H., Jin, Y., Shu, Y. L., Wen, C., Qin, T., Yang, X., Ma, L., Liu, Y., You, Y., et al. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155080 · Cited by 23
Hepatic Mitochondria-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Metabolism-Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Bellanti, F., Buglio, A. L., & Vendemiale, G. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13030322 · Cited by 26
“Ethanol derived from intestinal microbiota is considered to be a determinant for MAFLD pathogenesis, since its chronic microbial production may impair glucose and lipid metabolism, inducing hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis [109].”
BackgroundKoizumi, A., Kaji, K., Nishimura, N., Asada, S., Matsuda, T., Tanaka, M., Yorioka, N., Tsuji, Y., Kitagawa, K., Sato, S., et al. (2024) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v30.i28.3428 · Cited by 27
“Excessive alcohol intake increases the cytosolic NADH/NAD + ratio in hepatocytes and impairs mitochondrial fatty acid β -oxidation, resulting in lipid accumulation[4-8 4-8 ,31].”
Advancements in the Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Model
Zhu, L., Li, H.-D., Xu, J., Li, J., Cheng, M., Meng, X., Huang, C., & Li, J. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12081035 · Cited by 30
Feng, R., Guo, X.-Z., Kou, Y., Xu, X.-B., Hong, C., Zhang, W., An, Y., Philips, C., Mancuso, A., & Qi, X. (2021) · Postgraduate medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2021.1930560 · Cited by 25
“progressive fibrosis of the liver, glycogen reserves are reduced, increasing the lipid catabolism [4] and then promoting the development of malnutrition [5].”
BackgroundNarirutin ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury by targeting MAPK14 in zebrafish larvae.
Park, K.-H., Makki, H., Kim, S.-H., Chung, H.-J., & Jung, J. (2023) · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115350 · Cited by 24
An Update on Animal Models of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
Cao, P., Chao, X., Ni, H., & Ding, W. (2025) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.11.011 · Cited by 22
Hao, J., Hu, R., Zhao, J., Li, Y., Li, Q., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156032 · Cited by 25
Bell, W., Jennings, A., Thompson, A. S., Bondonno, N. P., Tresserra‐Rimbau, A., Kuhn, T. E., & Cassidy, A. (2024) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.022 · Cited by 29
Review article: Hepatic steatosis and its associations with acute and chronic liver diseases
Koenig, A. B., Tan, A., Abdelaal, H., Monge, F., Younossi, Z. M., & Goodman, Z. D. (2024) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.18059 · Cited by 25
Insights of mitochondrial involvement in alcoholic fatty liver disease
Nithyananthan, S. (2023) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.31100 · Cited by 23
“The liver takes up the released free ‐ FA from adipose and the intestinal ‐ derived chylomicrons via increased CD36/FAT in ethanol ‐ fed rodents (Jeon & Carr, 2020).”
BackgroundWithaferin A alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury by inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis
Hamada, K., Wang, P., Xia, Y., Yan, N., Takahashi, S., Krausz, K. W., Hao, H., Yan, T., & Gonzalez, F. J. (2022) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2022.112807 · Cited by 18
Wu, Y.-L., Huang, S.-H., He, C.-M., Qiu, B., Liu, J., Li, J., Lin, Y.-J., Yu, S., Wang, H.-F., & Zhang, G.-F. (2020) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2020/1421853 · Cited by 20
“Usually, ALD begins with simple hepatic steatosis and then develops to alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis [3].”
BackgroundZhu, L., Xu, J.-J., Li, H.-D., Li, J.-J., Cheng, M., Niu, X.-N., Jia, P.-C., Liu, J.-Y., Huang, C., Lv, X.-W., et al. (2023) · Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · doi:10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100041 · Cited by 19
Han, J., Lee, C., Hur, J., & Jung, Y. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12010022 · Cited by 21
“Prolonged alcohol consumption impairs liver lipid metabolism and leads to excessive hepatic fat accumulation by increasing fatty acid uptake and de novo lipogenesis and decreasing β-oxidation and secretion of very low-density lipoproteins [8,38,39].”
BackgroundWang, Y., Zhang, N., Zhou, J., Sun, P., Zhao, L., & Zhou, F. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11193014 · Cited by 19
“However, as the concentration of ethanol in blood is increased, the microsomal ethanol oxidation system (MEOS) pathway and catalase pathway are also activated [13].”
BackgroundThe central role of mitochondrial metabolism in hepatic steatosis
Win, S., Than, T. A., Kaplowitz, N., Wong, N., Arya, A., Win, Z. T., Win, S. H., Phyu, E., Kuemerle, C., Suh, J., et al. (2024) · Exploration of Digestive Diseases · doi:10.37349/edd.2024.00039 · Cited by 18
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Single-Cell RNA Transcriptome Profiling of Liver Cells of Short-Term Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice
Cao, L., Wu, D., Qin, L., Tan, D., Fan, Q., Jia, X., Yang, M., Zhou, T., Feng, C., Lu, Y., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24054344 · Cited by 20
“Lipidomic analysis also showed that alcohol could promote the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes [8].”
BackgroundXie, F., Zhong, Y., Wang, D., So, K., Xiao, J., & Lv, Y. (2022) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-022-07610-y · Cited by 18
Li, Y., Sun, W., Liu, H., & Ruan, X. Z. (2025) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2025.101761 · Cited by 16
“36 This study confirms that tirzepatide reduces the expression of CD36 and OBP2A, thereby decreasing lipid uptake, which appears to be the primary mechanism underlying its alleviation of intrahepatic lipid accumulation in MASLD.”
Concomitant western diet and chronic-binge alcohol dysregulate hepatic metabolism
Buyco, D. G., Dempsey, J. L., Scorletti, E., Jeon, S., Lin, C., Harkin, J., Bayen, S., Furth, E. E., Martin, J., Delima, M., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281954 · Cited by 19
Self-citationChrononutrition: Potential, Challenges, and Application in Managing Obesity
Fuad, S. A., Ginting, R. P., & Lee, M.-W. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26115116 · Cited by 16
“On the other hand, acute alcohol drinks induce the rhythmic and expression level of the SREBP1 pathway, whereas chronic alcohol drinks suppress it [56–58].”
Popov, J., Despot, T., Rodriguez, D. A., Khan, I. I., Mech, E., Khan, M. A., Bojadzija, M., & Pai, N. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16111668 · Cited by 15
“Ethanol impairs liver metabolism by activating SREBP-1c, which stimulates de novo lipid generation via acetyl-CoA carboxylase [103].”
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Alcohol use disorder and liver injury related to the COVID-19 pandemic
Marano, G., Traversi, G., Gaetani, E., Pola, R., Claro, A. E., & Mazza, M. (2022) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v14.i10.1875 · Cited by 17
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Cigarette smoking and alcohol-related liver disease
Lin, H., Zhang, J., Li, M.-X., Hou, H., Wang, H., & Huang, Y. (2024) · Liver Research · doi:10.1016/j.livres.2024.12.002 · Cited by 12
Navarro-Cruz, A. R., Juárez-Serrano, D., Cesar-Arteaga, I., Kammar-García, A., Guevara-Díaz, J. A., Vera-López, O., Lazcano-Hernández, M., Pérez-Xochipa, I., & Segura-Badilla, O. (2024) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1304006 · Cited by 14
Nanoparticle Delivery of Novel PDE4B Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alcoholic Liver Disease
Ma, J., Kumar, V., & Mahato, R. I. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14091894 · Cited by 14
“Since AMPK activation is known to regulate both β-oxidation and lipogenesis [68], this could have prevented an ethanol-mediated decrease in major antioxidant enzymes, cytosolic and mitochondrial SOD1/2, which would alleviate ROS production by ethanol metabolism and formation of acrolein adducts.”
BackgroundPark, W., Song, G., Noh, J., Kim, T., Kim, J. J., Hong, S., Park, J., & Um, J. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13124448 · Cited by 14
“Second, alcohol promotes the mobilization of FAs and lipids from adipose tissue and the intestine to the liver [31].”
BackgroundZhu, Y., Jia, Y., & Zhang, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1516603 · Cited by 15
“ALD is a spectrum of liver diseases caused by chronic alcohol exposure (Jeon and Carr, 2020).”
Liu, X., Mao, H. Y., Hong, S., Jin, C. H., Jiang, H., & Piao, M. G. (2024) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124662 · Cited by 13
Tao, K., Peng, H., Bi, X., Wang, X., Tian, Y., Zhang, H., & Sun, Y. (2024) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2024.103617 · Cited by 14
Li, Z., Wang, H. Y., Bao, X., Liu, X., & Yang, J. (2023) · Fish & Shellfish Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109230 · Cited by 14
Demographic, Health and Lifestyle Factors Associated with the Metabolome in Older Women
Navarro, S. L., Gowda, G. A. N., Bettcher, L., Pepin, R. H., Nguyen, N. N. M., Ellenberger, M., Zheng, C., Tinker, L. F., Prentice, R. L., Huang, Y., et al. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13040514 · Cited by 15
“[59] Mechanistically, alcohol promotes the accumulation of fat in the liver primarily through the substitution of ethanol instead of fatty acids for energy [60].”
BackgroundZhao, F., Chen, J., Guo, R., Zhu, J.-Y., Gu, W., Li, S.-T., & Li, J.-M. (2022) · Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-022-00679-z · Cited by 13
“Besides, alcohol may influence the metabolisms of many lipid classes, such as lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE) and ceramides [9].”
BackgroundIturrospe, E., da Silva, K. M., Robeyns, R., van de Lavoir, M., Boeckmans, J., Vanhaecke, T., van Nuijs, A. V., & Covaci, A. (2022) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00029 · Cited by 13
Ai, R., Tian, M., Sun, J., He, S., Cui, Z., Yang, Y., Hou, X., Zhao, Y., Dou, T., Chen, X., et al. (2025) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151912 · Cited by 13
Mukhopadhyay, B., Marietta, C. A., Shen, P., Oiseni, A., Mirshahi, F., Mazzu, M. A., Hodgkinson, C. A., Winkler, E., Yuan, Q., Miranda, D., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47085-y · Cited by 12
“Furthermore, numerous studies, including ours, in both humans and complementary animal models, have demonstrated that hepatocytes drive increased fatty acid metabolism and accumulate lipids in response to heavy alcohol consumption 18,19 .”
Arumugam, M., Perumal, S. K., Rasineni, K., Donohue, T., Osna, N., & Kharbanda, K. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12030462 · Cited by 12
“These neutral lipids, such as CE and TAG are uncharged, have no signaling properties, and are often enclosed within LDs [13,49,50].”
BackgroundTherapeutic Pipeline in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
Thakral, N., Deutsch‐Link, S., & Singal, A. K. (2022) · Seminars in Liver Disease · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1759614 · Cited by 12
Anton, P. E., Rutt, L. N., Capper, C., Orlicky, D. J., & McCullough, R. L. (2022) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.08.012 · Cited by 14
Lipoprotein cholesterol ratios and cardiovascular disease risk in US adults: a cross-sectional study
Yang, X., Chen, Q., Zhang, Q., & Yu, Z. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1529223 · Cited by 10
Impact of binge drinking on alcoholic liver disease
Kang, J., Park, S. H., Khanam, M., Park, S. B., Shin, S., & Seo, W. (2025) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/s12272-025-01537-1 · Cited by 5
“In addition to serving as a fatty acid substrate, alcohol affects various lipid regulatory factors and lipogenic enzymes, resulting in increased hepatic triglyceride levels (Jeon and Carr 2020).”
Wang, Y., Yang, W., Yang, Y. H., Liu, X., Peng, L., Huang, Q., Fan, K., Hu, R., Yi, J., Zhong, X., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1516204 · Cited by 5
Xu, F., Feng, Y., & Zhong, X. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-70008-2 · Cited by 11
“Glucolipid metabolism can be influenced by factors such as gender 30 , alcohol consumption 31 , cigarette consumption 32 and sleep duration 33 , etc., meanwhile, HP and DM were considered as the traditional risk factors.”
BackgroundLi, Z., Pu, Z., Gao, Y., Zhou, M., Zhang, Z., Xiao, P., Chen, J., & Zhou, C. (2024) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104631 · Cited by 7
Jeon, S., Scorletti, E., Dempsey, J. L., Buyco, D. G., Lin, C., Saiman, Y., Bayen, S., Harkin, J., Martin, J., Hooks, R., et al. (2023) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101804 · Cited by 11
“Excessive ceramide accumulation is known to be a key pathological feature of ALD in both human patients and animal models [11].”
BackgroundSelf-citationLee, Y., Lee, H., Jang, H., Yoo, M.-G., Im, S.-M., Koo, S., & Lee, H.-J. (2022) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-022-03325-y · Cited by 11
“…hepatic steatosis, the earliest response to heavy drinking, is caused by increased intrahepatic lipid biosynthesis, enhanced uptake of exogenous fatty acid from the plasma, and decreased fatty acid oxidation and secretion of very low-density lipoprotein (Jeon and Carr 2020; Yang et al.”
BackgroundDai, W., Wang, K.-Y., Zhen, X., Huang, Z.-B., & Liu, L. (2022) · Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-022-00655-7 · Cited by 11
“Alcoholinduced liver fatty acid uptake, impairment of fatty acid oxidation, promotion of de novo lipid synthesis, neutral lipid storage and inhibition of lipid export are all pathways leading to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes [11, 12].”
BackgroundOverview of Ferroptosis in Cadmium Toxicity
Zhang, X., Hua, Z., Lu, Z., Wang, B., Wang, P., Zhang, S., Yang, X., & Zhang, C. (2025) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-025-04832-6 · Cited by 9
Chadha, P., Aghara, H., Johnson, D., Sharma, D., Odedara, M., Patel, M., Kumar, H., Thiruvenkatam, V., & Mandal, P. (2025) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108543 · Cited by 9
Li, J., Zhao, L., Yu, D., Wu, X., Fang, H., Gong, W., Wang, P., Hua, L., & Ju, L. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17050852 · Cited by 10
“Excessive intake of alcohol and carbohydrates can also lead to increased lipid concentrations in the blood [26,27].”
Tan, Y., Wang, Y., Wan, Y., Liang, Y., Liu, Q., Wei, M., & Hou, T. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13050745 · Cited by 9
“[ 13].”
BackgroundZhang, J., Wang, H., Tian, Y., Li, T.-F., Zhang, W., Ma, L., Chen, X.-J., & Wei, Y.-S. (2023) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-023-01977-y · Cited by 10
“When-ever the body demands energy, lipids undergo decomposition into fatty acids and glycerol, subsequently undergoing further processing to generate ATP, the primary fuel for powering physiological functions [9, 10].”
BackgroundLiang, X., Shan, T., Zheng, X., Zhang, Z., Fan, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., & Liang, H. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16234170 · Cited by 9
“In addition, there is also evidence that alcohol can also change lipid metabolism [22].”
Alcohol-associated liver disease — a current overview
Mirowski, K., Balicka-Ślusarczyk, B., Hydzik, P., & Zwolinska-Wcislo, M. M. (2024) · Folia Medica Cracoviensia · doi:10.24425/fmc.2024.150156 · Cited by 10
“Ethanol induces the activation of protein SREBP-1, which promotes the transcription of lipogenic genes, increasing fatty acid synthesis [16, 18].”
BackgroundElevated systemic total bile acids escalate susceptibility to alcohol-associated liver disease
Paudel, D., Hao, F.-H., Goand, U., Tian, S.-S., Koehle, A. M., Nguyen, L. V., Tian, Y., Patterson, A., & Singh, V. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110940 · Cited by 9
“58 Chronic alcohol consumption is shown to impair the Sirt1-AMPK axis and mitochondrial b -oxidation process.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Jeon, S., & Carr, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carr, Rotonya
- Venue
- Journal of Lipid Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 470-479
- ISSN
- 0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7112138
- OpenAlex
- W3005408539
- Cited by
- 326
- References
- 161
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 AA026302-02, P30 DK0503060)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- alcoholic liver disease, hepatic lipid metabolism, hepatic steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, fatty acid oxidation, de novo lipogenesis, lipid export, lipid droplet formation, genetic susceptibility, bioactive lipids, liver fibrosis
- MeSH terms
- Ethanol, Animals, Humans, Liver, Lipogenesis, Lipid Metabolism
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