The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pursuit of Muscularity in Adolescent Boys: Relations Among Biopsychosocial Variables and Clinical Outcomes
Abstract
Adolescent boys (n = 269) were assessed for levels of several risky behaviors related to the pursuit of muscularity, including substance use (anabolic steroids, prohormones, and ephedrine) dieting to gain weight, and symptoms of muscle dysmorphia (MD). The association between these behaviors and a variety of putative biological, psychological, and social risk factors were also evaluated. Concerning rates for lifetime use of steroids (2.6%), prohormones (4.5%), and ephedrine (6%) were found. Multiple regression analyses indicated that MD and sports participation significantly predicted substance use. Body dissatisfaction and body mass index were significant predictors of dieting to gain weight. Additionally, negative affect, media influence, and sports participation predicted symptoms of MD.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“After viewing such content, men are more likely to engage in excessive exercise and to take anabolic steroids with potential negative health outcomes (Cafri et al., 2006; Horwitz et al., 2019; Mossman and Pacey, 2019; Tiggemann and Anderberg, 2020).”
From The degree to which the cultural ideal is internalized predicts judgments of male and female physical attractiveness (2022) · cites this paper as Cafri et al., 2006
Citations
Cites
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
Monitoring the Future: National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings
Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2003) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1037/e560352009-001 · Cited by 6,930
A self‐report measure of pubertal status: Reliability, validity and initial norms
Petersen, A. C., Crockett, L., Richards, M., & Boxer, A. (1988) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/bf01537962 · Cited by 3,129
Groesz, L. M., Levine, M. P., & Murnen, S. K. (2002) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.10005 · Cited by 1,772
Muscle Dysmorphia: An Underrecognized Form of Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Pope, H. G., Gruber, A. J., Choi, P. Y. L., Olivardia, R., & Phillips, K. A. (1997) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(97)71400-2 · Cited by 890
Keery, H., van den Berg, P., & Thompson, J. K. (2004) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.03.001 · Cited by 815
Self-citationAn Item Response Theory Analysis of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
Gray-Little, B., Williams, V. S. L., & Hancock, T. D. (1997) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167297235001 · Cited by 801
Mood and the mundane: Relations between daily life events and self-reported mood.
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.2.296 · Cited by 784
Adonis Complex: The Secret Crisis of Male Body Obsession
Olivardia, R. (2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e490672008-001 · Cited by 739
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G. & Aiken, L. S. (2004). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Goldberg L. & Elliot D. L. (2000). Prevention of anabolic steroid use. In C. Yesalis (Ed.), Anabolic steroids in sports and exercise (pp. 117-131). Chicago: Human Kinetics.
- Haselhuhn, G., Thompson, J. K., Roehrig, M., Shroff, H., van den Berg, P., Keery, H., etal (May, 2001) Development of the media influence scale for adolescent boys (MISAB). Paper presented at the Academy of Eating Disorders Conference, Vancouver, Canada.
- McCabe M. P., 2001, Adolescence, 36, 225
- O'Dea J. A., 1999, Adolescence, 34, 671
- 10.1037//0022-3514.54.2.296 · DOI · Paper page
- Yesalis, C. E., Bahrke, M. S., Kopstein, A. & Barsukiewicz, C. K. (2000). Incidence of anabolic steroid use: A discussion of methodological issues. In C. E. Yesalis (Ed.), Anabolic steroids in sports and exercise (pp. 73-114). Chicago: Human Kinetics.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sagoe, D., Molde, H., Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., & Pallesen, S. (2014) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.01.009 · Cited by 699
Tylka, T. L. (2011) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.04.008 · Cited by 411
Schaefer, L. M., Harriger, J. A., Heinberg, L. J., Soderberg, T., & Thompson, J. K. (2016) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22590 · Cited by 384
Self-citationBody image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth: assessment, prevention, and treatment
(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-4715 · Cited by 327
The muscular ideal: Psychological, social, and medical perspectives.
Thompson, J. K., & Cafri, G. (2007) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11581-000 · Cited by 322
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Cafri, G., van den Berg, P., & Thompson, J. K.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2006-05
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 283-291
- ISSN
- 1537-4416 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-4424
- OpenAlex
- W1964935543
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 11.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Doping in Sports
- Keywords
- muscularity, muscle dysmorphia, adolescent boys, anabolic steroids, prohormone, ephedrine, substance use, body dissatisfaction, body mass index, sports participation, media influence, negative affect, biopsychosocial risk factors, clinical outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Body Image, Diet, Doping in Sports, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Self Concept, Social Behavior, Sports, Body Mass Index, Substance-Related Disorders, Muscle Development
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
