Cortisol Is Negatively Associated with Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Latino Youth
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of serum morning cortisol and aspects of insulin action in Latino children and adolescents (8-13 yr) at risk for type 2 diabetes. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The present study includes a cross-sectional analysis in 211 participants and a longitudinal analysis in a subset of 143 participants. RESULTS: At baseline, cortisol was negatively associated with fasting glucose (r = 0.23; P < 0.01), β-cell function (disposition index, r = -0.24; P < 0.05), and acute insulin response to glucose (r = -0.27; P < 0.05). Baseline cortisol was also significantly related to the change in insulin sensitivity over 1 yr (r = -0.23; P < 0.05). These results did not differ by Tanner stage or sex. CONCLUSIONS: Cortisol contributes to the reduction in insulin sensitivity at an early age in Latino children and adolescents. Specifically, cortisol is negatively associated with potential compensatory mechanisms for insulin resistance, such as increased β-cell function and increased insulin release to a glucose challenge, by exacerbating the progression toward insulin resistance in this population. The results underline the relevance of glucocorticoid reduction for the prevention of metabolic disease in Latino children and adolescents.
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Higher serum cortisol tracks with more severe and progressive insulin resistance among healthy adolescents and those predisposed to Type 2 diabetes, after body fat is considered.
“Serum cortisol is associated with greater insulin resistance and worsening of insulin resistance in healthy adolescents and those at risk for Type 2 diabetes, even after accounting for body fat (Adam et al., 2010; Huybrechts et al., 2014; Prodam et al., 2013).”
From Relationship of Mindfulness to Distress and Cortisol Response in Adolescent Girls At-Risk for Type 2 Diabetes. (2018) · cites this paper as Adam et al., 2010
The Longitudinal analysis reports that higher baseline cortisol was associated with a greater one-year decline in insulin sensitivity; the Statistics section says the correlations were adjusted for total fat mass. But the Participants section limits the study to overweight Latino youth with a family history of type 2 diabetes, not healthy adolescents generally. The Cross-sectional analysis also reports no association between cortisol and insulin sensitivity at baseline. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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“concept in overweight Latino adolescents, whereby higher morning serum cortisol levels are associated with metabolic syndrome [28], and predict future deterioration of insulin sensitivity [29].”
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“Serum cortisol is associated with greater insulin resistance and worsening of insulin resistance in healthy adolescents and those at risk for Type 2 diabetes, even after accounting for body fat (Adam et al., 2010; Huybrechts et al., 2014; Prodam et al., 2013).”
Background
- Authors
- Adam, T. C., Hasson, R. E., Ventura, E. E., Toledo-Corral, C., Le, K.-A., Mahurkar, S., Lane, C. J., Weigensberg, M. J., & Goran, M. I.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goran, Michael I.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 4729-4735
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- PMC
- PMC3050109
- OpenAlex
- W2085457020
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- University of Southern California
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01‐DK59211, F31DK081276, R01DK059211)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR-00043, M01RR000043)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- cortisol, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, Latino youth, children and adolescents, overweight, type 2 diabetes risk, beta-cell function, disposition index, acute insulin response, fasting blood glucose, glucocorticoids, metabolic disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Insulin Resistance, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Overweight
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