Aromatase Inhibition Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men
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CONTEXT: Deficiency of aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens, is associated with insulin resistance in humans and mice. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that pharmacological aromatase inhibition results in peripheral insulin resistance in humans. DESIGN: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study. SETTING: The study was conducted at a clinical research facility. PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen healthy male volunteers (18-50 y) participated in the study. INTERVENTION: The intervention included oral anastrozole (1 mg daily) and placebo, each for 6 weeks with a 2-week washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Glucose disposal and rates of lipolysis were measured during a stepwise hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Data are mean (SEM). RESULTS: Anastrozole therapy resulted in significant estradiol suppression (59.9 ± 3.6 vs 102.0 ± 5.7 pmol/L, P = < .001) and a more modest elevation of total T (25.8 ± 1.2 vs 21.4 ± 0.7 nmol/L, P = .003). Glucose infusion rate, during the low-dose insulin infusion, was lower after anastrozole administration (12.16 ± 1.33 vs 14.15 ± 1.55 μmol/kg·min, P = .024). No differences in hepatic glucose production or rate of lipolysis were observed. CONCLUSION: Aromatase inhibition reduces insulin sensitivity, with respect to peripheral glucose disposal, in healthy men. Local generation and action of estradiol, at the level of skeletal muscle, is likely to be an important determinant of insulin sensitivity.
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Oestradiol may be important for sexual function, prevention of abdominal adiposity, and insulin sensitivity.
“In addition to bone health, 119 oestradiol may be important for of sexual function, prevention of abdominal adiposity 68 and insulin sensitivity.69,120”
From Hypogonadism and male obesity: Focus on unresolved questions (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
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Čeponis, J., Wang, C., Swerdloff, R., & Liu, P. Y. (2026) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29456-8_11-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hypogonadism and Metabolic Disorders
Cignarelli, A., Genchi, V. A., & Jayasena, C. N. (2026) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29456-8_50-1
The Cardiovascular Benefit of Menopausal Hormone Treatment is Age-Dependent in Ldlr −/− MicePreprint
Lalisan, C. D., Gavin, C., Litts, B., Zhong, M., Rein, J., An, J., Boobalan, R., Wang, Y., Aelst, A. V., Chinnarasu, S., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.29.734522
- Authors
- Gibb, F. W., Homer, N. Z. M., Faqehi, A. M. M., Upreti, R., Livingstone, D. E., McInnes, K. J., Andrew, R., & Walker, B. R.
- Affiliations
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gibb, Fraser W.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2040-2046
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- PMC
- PMC4870856
- OpenAlex
- W2293853291
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- British Heart Foundation (RG/11/4/28734)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- aromatase inhibition, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, anastrozole, estradiol suppression, glucose disposal, lipolysis, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, skeletal muscle, androgen to estrogen conversion, healthy men
- MeSH terms
- Anastrozole, Adolescent, Adult, Double-Blind Method, Estradiol, Glucose, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Lipolysis, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Nitriles, Testosterone, Triazoles, Glucose Clamp Technique, Muscle, Skeletal, Cross-Over Studies, Aromatase Inhibitors, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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