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Cited by 134Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesHormonal and reproductive studiesEstrogen and related hormone effects

In Men, Peripheral Estradiol Levels Directly Reflect the Action of Estrogens at the Hypothalamo-Pituitary Level to Inhibit Gonadotropin Secretion

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Raven, Garrett, de Jong, Frank H., Kaufman, Jean-Marc, de Ronde, Willem·2006·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jc.2006-0462
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Abstract

CONTEXT: Estradiol inhibits gonadotropin release in men by an action at the hypothalamus and pituitary. Because of the tissue-specific regulation of aromatase, peripheral estradiol levels may not reflect brain estradiol concentrations. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether local aromatization of testosterone in the hypothalamus or pituitary is important for gonadotropin release and to what extent circulating estrogens affect gonadotropin levels and peripheral testosterone levels. DESIGN, SUBJECTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: We suppressed aromatase activity in 10 young healthy men with letrozole 2.5 mg once daily, restored plasma estradiol levels with estradiol patches (100 microg/d for the first week, 50 microg/d the second week, 25 microg/d the third week, and no estradiol patch the fourth week) and measured plasma testosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH, and SHBG levels. RESULTS: The mean estradiol and testosterone levels during the study ranged between 68.6 +/- 38.3 and 12.6 +/- 7.21 pg/ml for estradiol and 179 +/- 91 and 955 +/- 292 ng/dl (mean +/- sd) for testosterone. Levels of testosterone, LH, and FSH were inversely related to peripheral estradiol levels. During letrozole use, the mean plasma estradiol level needed to restore testosterone, LH, and FSH levels to baseline levels was not significantly different from the baseline mean estradiol level. CONCLUSIONS: Local aromatization of testosterone in the hypothalamo-pituitary compartment is not a prerequisite for expression of the inhibitory action of estrogens on gonadotropin secretion in men. Peripheral estradiol levels directly reflect the inhibitory tone exerted by estrogens on gonadotropin release and are a major determinant of peripheral testosterone, LH, and FSH levels.

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Crossref · 10.1210/jc.2006-0462

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  • All adult aromatase-deficient men have unfused epiphyses leading to linear growth into adulthood and above-average body length.

    “All adult aromatase-deficient men demonstrated a remarkably low bone mass and unfused epiphyses leading to linear growth into adulthood and above-average body length.”

    From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [22]

  • All adult aromatase-deficient men demonstrated a remarkably low bone mass.

    “All adult aromatase-deficient men demonstrated a remarkably low bone mass and unfused epiphyses leading to linear growth into adulthood and above-average body length.”

    From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [22]

  • Once treated with estradiol, epiphyses closed in most aromatase-deficient men.

    “Once treated with estradiol, epiphyses closed, BMD increased and disturbances in the lipid profile improved in most of these patients.”

    From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [22]

  • Once treated with estradiol, BMD increased in most aromatase-deficient men.

    “Once treated with estradiol, epiphyses closed, BMD increased and disturbances in the lipid profile improved in most of these patients.”

    From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [22]

  • Once treated with estradiol, disturbances in the lipid profile improved in most aromatase-deficient men.

    “Once treated with estradiol, epiphyses closed, BMD increased and disturbances in the lipid profile improved in most of these patients.”

    From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [22]

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Authors
Raven, G., de Jong, F. H., Kaufman, J.-M., & de Ronde, W.
Affiliations
  • Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
  • Department of Internal Medicine (F.H.d.J.), Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
  • Ghent University Hospital (BE)
  • Department of Endocrinology (G.R., W.d.R.), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
ORCID
Kaufman, Jean-Marc
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2006-09-01
Volume
91
Issue
9
Pages
3324-3328
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jc.2006-0462
OpenAlex
W1966816209
Cited by
134
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
FWCI
8.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords
hypothalamic-pituitary axis, aromatase, letrozole, estradiol patch, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, testosterone, men
MeSH terms
Letrozole, Adult, Estradiol, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Gonadotropins, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Luteinizing Hormone, Male, Nitriles, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Triazoles, Linear Models, Aromatase Inhibitors

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