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A MID-DAY SURGE IN CORTISOL LEVELS
Abstract
A dramatic mid-day surge of cortisol with its onset concomitant with food intake was observed. Cortisol levels were unaffected by the evening meal. The magnitude and time course of the initiation of this mid-day peak of cortisol are markedly attenuated by food deprivation. These observations establish that within the circadian periodicity there exists a mid-day rhythm of cortisol secretion which appears to be synchronized by food intake.
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“Ingestion of glucose, amino acids, protein, or mixed meals tends to increase serum and salivary cortisol concentrations in healthy adults (1–8).”
From Glucose ingestion selectively amplifies ACTH and cortisol secretory-burst mass and enhances their joint synchrony in healthy men. (2011) · cites this paper as [2]
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“, 1982) compared to attenuated or even absent responses in the evening (Quigley and Yen, 1979; Follenius et al., 1982).”
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“Nevertheless, it has been observed clinically that plasma cortisol can show a midday increase at a time when levels are generally declining, and this observation led to more systematic studies, which demonstrated an association between meals and the midday increase in plasma cortisol ( 12 ).”
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An introductory guide to conducting the Trier Social Stress Test
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Feedback from Meal-Related Peaks Determines Diurnal Changes in Cortisol Response to Exercise
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“Our data reveal minimal ultradian activity of the axis around sleep onset 24 followed by a several-fold rise during late sleep-early waking period in all, as well as a post-meal surge at midday 25,26 .”
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“In fact, food ingestion, particularly at noon, elicits sustained cortisol release regardless of its pulsatile rhythm (80).”
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Ageing and adrenal cortical function
Svec, F. (1997) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(97)80287-x · Cited by 13
Holden, J. P., Bützow, T. L., Laughlin, G. A., Ho, M., Morales, A. J., & YEN, S. C. C. (1995) · Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation · doi:10.1177/107155769500200108 · Cited by 12
Self-citationTHOMAS, M. A., REBAR, R. W., LABARBERA, A. R., PENNINGTON, E. J., & LIU, J. H. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-72-6-1249 · Cited by 27
Allison, P., Andrew, M. E., Burchfiel, C. M., Fekedulegn, D. B., Hartley, T. A., Violanti, J. M., & Miller, D. B. (2015) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.22748 · Cited by 11
“The magnitude and time course of the midday peak were markedly attenuated by food deprivation (Quigley and Yen, 1979).”
InfluentialThe hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis: A major mediator of the adaptive responses to stress
Gabry, K. E., Chrousos, G. P., & Gold, P. W. (2003) · Neuroimmune biology · doi:10.1016/s1567-7443(03)80055-8 · Cited by 12
Nagel, R., Kaiser, S., Stainfield, C., Toscani, C., Fox‐Clarke, C., Paijmans, A. J., Castro, C. C., Vendrami, D. L. J., Forcada, J., & Hoffman, J. I. (2022) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.8757 · Cited by 9
Beuschlein, F., Borgemeister, M., Schirra, J. R. J., Göke, B., Faßnacht, M., Arlt, W., Allolio, B., & Reincke, M. (2000) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.01006.x · Cited by 10
“Superimposed episodic secretory peaks are a well established feature of the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion in humans throughout the day (Weitzman et al., 1971; Quigley & Yen, 1972).”
Effect of snack eating on salivary α‐amylase, a novel stress marker
Toda, M., & Morimoto, K. (2007) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.1143 · Cited by 9
Endocrine Ultradian Rhythms During Sleep and Wakefulness
BRANDENBERGER, G. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1969-2_7 · Cited by 9
Relevance of cortisol and copeptin blood concentration changes in an experimental pain model
Blum, C. A., Velly, L., Brochet, C., Ziegler, F., Tavolacci, M.-P., Hausfater, P., & Lvovschi, V. E. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08657-4 · Cited by 8
Plasma cortisol and appetitively motivated arousal in monkeys.
Natelson, B. H., Stokes, P. E., & Tapp, W. N. (1984) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.98.5.925 · Cited by 8
Alasandro, M. S., Wiesler, D. P., & Novotný, M. V. (1984) · Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications · doi:10.1016/0378-4347(84)80190-5 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- QUIGLEY, M. E., & YEN, S. S. C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1979-12
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 945-947
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2049002632
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- cortisol, circadian rhythm, dietary intake, food deprivation, cortisol secretion, meal timing, circadian synchronization
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Circadian Rhythm, Eating, Fasting, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone
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