Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 597

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Mouse Estrogen Receptor β Forms Estrogen Response Element-Binding Heterodimers with Estrogen Receptor α

Pettersson, Katarina, Grandien, Kaj, Kuiper, George G. J. M., Gustafsson, Jan-Åke·1997·Molecular Endocrinology
DOI 10.1210/mend.11.10.9989
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The recent discovery that an additional estrogen receptor subtype is present in various rat tissues has advanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying estrogen signaling. Here we report on the cloning of the cDNA encoding the mouse homolog of estrogen receptor-beta (ER beta) and the functional characterization of mouse ER beta protein. ER beta is shown to have overlapping DNA-binding specificity with that of the estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) and activates transcription of reporter gene constructs containing estrogen-response elements in transient transfections in response to estradiol. Using a mammalian two-hybrid system, the formation of heterodimers of the ER beta and ER alpha subtypes was demonstrated. Furthermore, ER beta and ER alpha form heterodimeric complexes with retained DNA-binding ability and specificity in vitro. In addition, DNA binding by the ER beta/ER alpha heterodimer appears to be dependent on both subtype proteins. Taken together these results suggest the existence of two previously unrecognized pathways of estrogen signaling; I, via ER beta in cells exclusively expressing this subtype, and II, via the formation of heterodimers in cells expressing both receptor subtypes.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1210/mend.11.10.9989

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 44

  1. Gronemeyer, 1995, Transcription factors 3: nuclear receptors., Protein Profile, 2, 1173
  2. Beato, 1996, Control of transcription by steroid hormones., Ann NY Acad Sci, 784, 93, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb16231.x · DOI
  3. Giguere, 1988, Identification of a new class of steroid hormone receptors., Nature, 331, 91, 10.1038/331091a0 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Laudet, 1992, Evolution of the nuclear receptor gene superfamily., EMBO J, 11, 1003, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05139.x · DOI · Paper page
  5. Pratt, 1994, Chaperone functions of the heat shock proteins associated with steroid receptors., Semin Cell Biol, 5, 83, 10.1006/scel.1994.1012 · DOI
  6. Clark, 1992, Mechanisms of action of steroid hormones., Textbook of Endocrinology., 35
  7. Farhat, 1996, The vascular protective effects of estrogen., FASEB J, 10, 615, 10.1096/fasebj.10.5.8621060 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Turner, 1994, Skeletal effects of estrogen., Endocr Rev, 15, 275
  9. Green, 1986, Human oestrogen receptor cDNA: sequence, expression and homology to v-erb-A., Nature, 320, 134, 10.1038/320134a0 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Greene, 1986, Sequence and expression of human estrogen receptor complementary DNA., Science, 231, 1150, 10.1126/science.3753802 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Koike, 1987, Molecular cloning and characterization of rat estrogen receptor cDNA., Nucleic Acids Res, 15, 2499, 10.1093/nar/15.6.2499 · DOI · Paper page
  12. White, 1987, Structural organization and expression of the mouse estrogen receptor., Mol Endocrinol, 1, 735, 10.1210/mend-1-10-735 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Ciocca, 1995, Estrogen receptors in human nontarget tissues: biological and clinical implications., Endocr Rev, 16, 35
  14. Lubahn, 1993, Alteration of reproductive function but not prenatal sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 11162, 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11162 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Couse, 1995, Analysis of transcription and estrogen insensitivity in the female mouse after targeted disruption of the estrogen receptor gene., Mol Endocrinol, 9, 1441
  16. Kuiper, 1996, Cloning of a novel estrogen receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 5925, 10.1073/pnas.93.12.5925 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Kuiper, 1997, Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript distribution of estrogen receptors α and β., Endocrinology, 138, 863, 10.1210/endo.138.3.4979 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Byers, 1997, Estrogen receptor-β mRNA expression in rat ovary: downregulation by gonadotropins., Mol Endocrinol, 11, 172
  19. Katzenellenbogen, 1996, Tripartite steroid hormone receptor pharmacology-interaction with multiple effector sites as a basis for the cell- and promoter-specific action of these hormones., Mol Endocrinol, 10, 119
  20. Kuiper, The novel estrogen receptor β subtype: potential role in the cell, promoter specific actions of estrogens, antiestrogens (mini-review)., FEBS Lett
  21. Ekena, 1996, Identification of amino acids in the hormone binding domain of the human estrogen receptor important in estrogen binding., J Biol Chem, 271, 20053, 10.1074/jbc.271.33.20053 · DOI
  22. Glass, 1994, Differential recognition of target genes by nuclear receptor monomers, dimers, and heterodimers., Endocr Rev, 15, 391
  23. Zilliacus, 1994, Evolution of distinct DNA-binding specificities within the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91, 4175, 10.1073/pnas.91.10.4175 · DOI
  24. Klein-Hitpass, 1986, An estrogen-responsive element derived from the 5′ flanking region of the Xenopus vitellogenin A2 gene functions in transfected human cells., Cell, 46, 1053, 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90705-1 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Tremblay, 1997, Cloning, chromosomal localization and functional analysis of the murine estrogen receptor β., Mol Endocrinol, 11, 353
  26. Mangelsdorf, 1995, The RXR heterodimers and orphan receptors., Cell, 83, 841, 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90200-7 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Laudet, 1995, Nuclear receptors. Lonesome orphans., Curr Biol, 5, 124, 10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00031-5 · DOI
  28. Field, 1988, Purification of a RAS-responsive adenylyl cyclase complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by use of an epitope addition method., Mol Cell Biol, 8, 2159, 10.1128/MCB.8.5.2159 · doi:10.1128/mcb.8.5.2159 · Paper page
  29. Tora, 1989, The human estrogen receptor has two independent nonacidic transcriptional activation functions., Cell, 59, 477, 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90031-7 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Mosselman, 1996, ERβ-identification and characterisation of a novel human estrogen receptor., FEBS Lett, 392, 49, 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00782-X · DOI · Paper page
  31. Schwabe, 1993, The crystal structure of the estrogen receptor DNA-binding domain bound to DNA: how receptors discriminate between their response elements., Cell, 75, 567, 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90390-C · DOI · Paper page
  32. Liu, 1995, Steroid receptor heterodimerization demonstrated in vitro and in vivo., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92, 12480, 10.1073/pnas.92.26.12480 · DOI · Paper page
  33. Trapp, 1994, Heterodimerization between mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor: a new principle of glucocorticoid action in the CNS., Neuron, 13, 1457, 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90431-6 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Shughrue, 1996, The distribution of estrogen receptor-β mRNA in the rat hypothalamus., Steroids, 61, 678, 10.1016/S0039-128X(96)00222-X · DOI · Paper page
  35. Chomczynski, 1987, Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction., Anal Biochem, 162, 156, 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90021-2 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Pettersson, 1996, Expression of a novel member of estrogen response element-binding nuclear receptors is restricted to the early stages of chorion formation during mouse embryogenesis., Mech Dev, 54, 211, 10.1016/0925-4773(95)00479-3 · DOI
  37. Ichihara, 1993, Construction of new T vectors for direct cloning of PCR products., Gene, 130, 153, 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90361-6 · DOI
  38. Sanger, 1977, DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 74, 5463, 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463 · DOI · Paper page
  39. Dana, 1994, Novel estrogen response elements identified by genetic selection in yeast are differentially responsive to estrogens and antiestrogens in mammalian cells., Mol Endocrinol, 8, 1193
  40. Schule, 1988, Many transcription factors interact synergistically with steroid receptors., Science, 242, 1418, 10.1126/science.3201230 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Hillier, 1989, Oestrogen receptor mRNA and a related transcript in mouse ovaries., J Mol Endocrinol, 2, 39, 10.1677/jme.0.0020039 · DOI
  42. Perlmann, 1996, Two distinct dimerization interfaces differentially modulate target gene specificity of nuclear hormone receptors., Mol Endocrinol, 10, 958
  43. Forman, 1995, Unique response pathways are established by allosteric interactions among nuclear hormone receptors., Cell, 81, 541, 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90075-6 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Alksnis, 1991, High level expression of functional full length and truncated glucocorticoid receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Demonstration of ligand-induced down-regulation of expressed receptor mRNA and protein., J Biol Chem, 266, 10078, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)99192-1 · DOI

Cited by

See all 597

Metadata

Authors
Pettersson, K., Grandien, K., Kuiper, G. G. J. M., & Gustafsson, J.-A.
Venue
Molecular Endocrinology
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
1997-09-01
Volume
11
Issue
10
Pages
1486-1496
ISSN
  • 0888-8809 (ISSN-L)
  • 1944-9917
DOI
10.1210/mend.11.10.9989
OpenAlex
W1974973093
Cited by
597
References
0
FWCI
26.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Mouse Estrogen Receptor β Forms Estrogen Response Element-Binding Heterodimers with Estrogen Receptor α. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1210/mend.11.10.9989
The paper
Pettersson, K., Grandien, K., Kuiper, G. G. J. M., & Gustafsson, J.-A. (1997). Mouse Estrogen Receptor β Forms Estrogen Response Element-Binding Heterodimers with Estrogen Receptor α. Molecular Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1210/mend.11.10.9989

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.