Effect of moderate - and high-intensity acute exercise on appetite in obese individuals
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PURPOSE: The effect of acute exercise, and exercise intensity, on appetite control in obese individuals requires further study. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of acute isocaloric bouts (250 kcal) of high-intensity intermittent cycling (HIIC) and moderate-intensity continuous cycling (MICC) or short-duration HIIC (S-HIIC) (125 kcal) and a resting control condition on the appetite hormone responses, subjective feelings of appetite, energy intake (EI), and food reward in overweight/obese individuals. METHODS: This study is a randomized crossover study on 12 overweight/obese volunteers. Participants were assigned to the control, MICC, HIIC, and S-HIIC conditions, 1 wk apart, in a counterbalanced order. Exercise was performed 1 h after a standard breakfast. An ad libitum test lunch was served 3 h after breakfast. Fasting/postprandial plasma samples of insulin, acylated ghrelin, polypeptide YY3-36, and glucagon-like peptide 1 and subjective feelings of appetite were measured every 30 min for 3 h. Nutrient and taste preferences were measured at the beginning and end of each condition using the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire. RESULTS: Insulin levels were significantly reduced, and glucagon-like peptide 1 levels significantly increased during all exercise bouts compared with those during rest. Acylated ghrelin plasma levels were lower in the MICC and HIIC, but not in S-HIIC, compared with those in control. There were no significant differences for polypeptide YY3-36 plasma levels, hunger or fullness ratings, EI, or food reward. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, in overweight/obese individuals, isocaloric bouts of moderate- or high-intensity exercise lead to a similar appetite response. This strengthens previous findings in normal-weight individuals that acute exercise, even at high intensity, does not induce any known physiological adaptation that would lead to increased EI.
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Total ghrelin is less responsive to exercise than acylated ghrelin (AG).
“the measurement of total ghrelin over AG, evidently less responsive to exercise (Martins et al., 2015)”
From Influence of water-based exercise on energy intake, appetite, and appetite-related hormones in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as Martins et al., 2015
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- Authors
- MARTINS, C., STENSVOLD, D., FINLAYSON, G., HOLST, J., WISLOFF, U., KULSENG, B., MORGAN, L., & KING, N. A.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2015-01
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-48
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1573491679
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Faculty of Health
- Funders
- Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
- Helse Midt-Norge
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- acute exercise, appetite regulation, obesity, energy intake, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, peptide YY, food reward, food preferences, hunger and fullness
- MeSH terms
- Acylation, Adult, Appetite, Energy Intake, Physical Exertion, Female, Food Preferences, Humans, Insulin, Male, Obesity, Peptide Fragments, Reward, Taste, Exercise, Cross-Over Studies, Peptide YY, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Ghrelin, Young Adult
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