Comparable exogenous carbohydrate oxidation from lactose or sucrose during exercise
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: Ingesting readily oxidized carbohydrates (CHO) such as sucrose during exercise can improve endurance performance. Whether lactose can be utilized as a fuel source during exercise is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the metabolic response to lactose ingestion during exercise, compared with sucrose or water. METHODS: Eleven participants (age, 22 ± 4 yr; V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak, 50.9 ± 4.7 mL·min·kg) cycled at 50% Wmax for 150 min on five occasions. Participants ingested CHO beverages (lactose or sucrose; 48 g·h, 0.8 g·min) or water throughout exercise. Total substrate and exogenous CHO oxidation was estimated using indirect calorimetry and stable isotope techniques (naturally high C-abundance CHO ingestion). Naturally low C-abundance CHO trials were conducted to correct background shifts in breath CO2 production. Venous blood samples were taken to determine plasma glucose, lactate, and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations. RESULTS: Mean exogenous CHO oxidation rates were comparable with lactose (0.56 ± 0.19 g·min) and sucrose (0.61 ± 0.10 g·min; P = 0.49) ingestion. Endogenous CHO oxidation contributed less to energy expenditure in lactose (38% ± 14%) versus water (50% ± 11%, P = 0.01) and sucrose (50% ± 7%, P ≤ 0.05). Fat oxidation was higher in lactose (42% ± 8%) than in sucrose (28% ± 6%; P ≤ 0.01); CHO conditions were lower than water (50% ± 11%; P ≤ 0.05). Plasma glucose was higher in lactose and sucrose than in water (P ≤ 0.01); plasma lactate was higher in sucrose than in water (P ≤ 0.01); plasma nonesterified fatty acids were higher in water than in sucrose (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lactose and sucrose exhibited similar exogenous CHO oxidation rates during exercise at moderate ingestion rates. Compared with sucrose ingestion, lactose resulted in higher fat and lower endogenous CHO oxidation.
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A possible glycogen sparing benefit of lactose compared with sucrose ingestion during exercise has been observed.
“However, a possible glycogen sparing benefit of lactose compared with sucrose ingestion during exercise has been observed [126].”
From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [126]
Consumption of lactose and galactose confers no additional benefits to time trial performance.
“consumption of lactose and galactose confers no additional benefits to time trial performance [125,126]”
From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [126]
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“However, a possible glycogen sparing benefit of lactose compared with sucrose ingestion during exercise has been observed [126].”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- ODELL, O. J., PODLOGAR, T., & WALLIS, G. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2020-06-19
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2663-2672
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0315
- PMC
- PMC7664948
- OpenAlex
- W3033956922
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Dairy Management
- Directorate for Biological Sciences
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (1898609)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- sucrose intake, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, endurance exercise, fat oxidation, energy expenditure, plasma glucose, plasma lactate, free fatty acids, carbohydrate beverage, stable isotope tracers
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Calorimetry, Indirect, Carbon Dioxide, Dietary Carbohydrates, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Female, Humans, Lactose, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygen Consumption, Exercise, Dietary Sucrose, Young Adult
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