Can Mandated Political Representation Increase Policy Influence for Disadvantaged Minorities? Theory and Evidence from India

Pande, Rohini

doi:10.1257/000282803769206232

Cited by 658Gender Politics and RepresentationElectoral Systems and Political ParticipationGame Theory and Voting Systems

Can Mandated Political Representation Increase Policy Influence for Disadvantaged Minorities? Theory and Evidence from India

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Pande, Rohini·2003·American Economic Review

DOI 10.1257/000282803769206232

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Abstract

A basic premise of representative democracy is that all those subject to policy should have a voice in its making. However, policies enacted by electorally accountable governments often fail to reflect the interests of disadvantaged minorities. This paper exploits the institutional features of political reservation, as practiced in Indian states, to examine the role of mandated political representation in providing disadvantaged groups influence over policy-making. I find that political reservation has increased transfers to groups which benefit from the mandate. This finding also suggests that complete policy commitment may be absent in democracies, as is found in this case.

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“We recruited respondents via a combination of reaching out directly and personal contacts, using purposeful sampling [151]-i.e., identifying and selecting experts with relevant experience-iterative until saturation.”
From Re-imagining Algorithmic Fairness in India and Beyond (2021) · cites this paper as [151]

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Authors: Pande, R.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Pande, Rohini
ORCID: Pande, Rohini
Venue: American Economic Review
Publisher: American Economic Association
Published: 2003-08-01
Volume: 93
Issue: 4
Pages: 1132-1151
ISSN: 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1257/000282803769206232
OpenAlex: W2024464435
Cited by: 658
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 25.10
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
doi.org
Locations: American Economic Review (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)
Topics: Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Politics and Representation
Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Game Theory and Voting Systems
Keywords: political reservation, policy influence, policy commitment, representative democracy, affirmative action, social transfers, Indian states

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Can Mandated Political Representation Increase Policy Influence for Disadvantaged Minorities? Theory and Evidence from India

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