Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 375

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Panic on the Streets of London: Police, Crime, and the July 2005 Terror Attacks

Draca, Mirko, Machin, Stephen, Witt, Robert·2011·American Economic Review
DOI 10.1257/aer.101.5.2157
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In this paper we study the causal impact of police on crime, looking at what happened to crime and police before and after the terror attacks that hit central London in July 2005. The attacks resulted in a large redeployment of police officers to central London as compared to outer London. During this time, crime fell significantly in central relative to outer London. The instrumental variable approach we use uncovers an elasticity of crime with respect to police of approximately -0.3 to -0.4, so that a 10 percent increase in police activity reduces crime by around 3 to 4 percent. JEL: K42

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1257/aer.101.5.2157

Cites

31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 31 references

Cited by

See all 375

Metadata

Authors
Draca, M., Machin, S., & Witt, R.
Venue
American Economic Review
Publisher
American Economic Association
Published
2011-08-01
Volume
101
Issue
5
Pages
2157-2181
ISSN
0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1257/aer.101.5.2157
OpenAlex
W2104300463
Cited by
375
References
31
FWCI
55.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Panic on the Streets of London: Police, Crime, and the July 2005 Terror Attacks. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/aer.101.5.2157
The paper
Draca, M., Machin, S., & Witt, R. (2011). Panic on the Streets of London: Police, Crime, and the July 2005 Terror Attacks. American Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.5.2157

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.