The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Education for Growth: Why and for Whom?
Abstract
This paper summarizes and tries to reconcile evidence from the microeconometric and empirical macro growth literatures on the effect of schooling on income and GDP growth. Much microeconometric evidence suggests that education is an important causal determinant of income for individuals within countries. At a national level, however, recent studies have found that increases in educational attainment are unrelated to economic growth. This discrepancy appears to be a result of the high rate of measurement error in first-differenced cross-country education data. After accounting for measurement error, the effect of changes in educational attainment on income growth in cross-country data is at least as great as microeconometric estimates of the rate of return to years of schooling. Another finding of the macro growth literature—that economic growth depends positively on the initial stock of human capital—is not robust when the assumption of a constant-coefficient model is relaxed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A contribution to the theory of economic growth
Solow, R. M. (1956) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/1884513 · Cited by 24,483
On the mechanics of economic development
Lucas, R. E. (1988) · Journal of Monetary Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7 · Cited by 24,085
Endogenous Technological Change
Romer, P. M. (1990) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261725 · Cited by 17,711
Hsiao, C. (2014) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139839327 · Cited by 7,869
Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments
Staiger, D., & Stock, J. (1994) · doi:10.3386/t0151 · Cited by 5,302
The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1988
Summers, R., & Heston, A. (1991) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2937941 · Cited by 3,429
Bound, J., Jaeger, D. A., & Baker, R. M. (1995) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2291055 · Cited by 1,018
Cited by
A new data set of educational attainment in the world, 1950–2010
Barro, R. J., & Lee, J. W. (2013) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2012.10.001 · Cited by 4,333
Measuring Economic Growth from Outer Space
Henderson, J. V., Storeygard, A., & Weil, D. N. (2012) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.102.2.994 · Cited by 2,596
Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables Approach
Miguel, E., Satyanath, S., & Sergenti, E. (2004) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/421174 · Cited by 2,460
Human Capital and Regional Development *
Gennaioli, N., La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2013) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjs050 · Cited by 1,082
Inequality and Growth: What Can the Data Say?
Banerjee, A. V., & Duflo, E. (2003) · Journal of Economic Growth · doi:10.1023/a:1026205114860 · Cited by 592
Early Childhood Interventions: Proven Results, Future Promise
Karoly, L., Kilburn, M., & Cannon, J. (2005) · doi:10.7249/mg341 · Cited by 587
The Consequences of Child Soldiering
Blattman, C., & Annan, J. (2010) · Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/rest_a_00036 · Cited by 517
Human capital and industrialization: Evidence from the age of enlightenment
Squicciarini, M. P., & Voigtländer, N. (2015) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjv025 · Cited by 384
Measuring human capital using global learning data
Angrist, N., Djankov, S., Goldberg, P. K., & Patrinos, H. A. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03323-7 · Cited by 328
Education and Italian regional development
Di Liberto, A. (2008) · Economics of Education Review · doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2006.08.004 · Cited by 110
The Long-Term Distributional and Welfare Effects of Covid-19 School Closures
Fuchs-Schündeln, N., Krueger, D., Ludwig, A., & Popova, I. (2020) · doi:10.3386/w27773 · Cited by 84
Why has under-5 mortality decreased at such different rates in different countries?
Jamison, D. T., Murphy, S. M., & Sandbu, M. E. (2016) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.03.002 · Cited by 72
de España, B. (2024) · Informe Anual · doi:10.53479/36512 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Krueger, A. B., & Lindahl, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Economic Literature
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2001-12-01
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1101-1136
- ISSN
- 0022-0515 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3126037482
- Cited by
- 2,060
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 124.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.