MicroRNA function: Multiple mechanisms for a tiny RNA?: FIGURE 1.
Open accessAbstract
MicroRNAs are sequence-specific regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression in many eukaryotes. They are believed to control the expression of thousands of target mRNAs, with each mRNA believed to be targeted by multiple microRNAs. Recent studies have uncovered various mechanisms by which microRNAs down-regulate their target mRNAs and have linked a well-known subcellular structure, the cytoplasmic processing bodies (PBs) to the microRNA pathway. The finding that microRNAs are misexpressed in cancers has reinforced the idea that their regulatory roles are very important.
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miRNAs inhibit translation of mRNAs by guiding RISC to the mRNA via complementarity to its 3′UTR, thereby limiting a gene's functionality even though transcription may not be stopped.
“miRNAs inhibit translation of mRNAs by guiding an inhibitory protein complex, the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC) to the mRNA via complementarity to its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), thereby limiting a gene’s functionality, even though transcription of the gene may not be stopped [4].”
From MicroRNA‐21 protects neurons from ischemic death (2010) · cites this paper as [4]
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The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
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Cogswell, J. P., Ward, J., Taylor, I. A., Waters, M., Shi, Y., Cannon, B., Kelnar, K., Kemppainen, J., Brown, D., Chen, C., et al. (2008) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2008-14103 · Cited by 943 · see citing works
Most Caenorhabditis elegans microRNAs Are Individually Not Essential for Development or Viability
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“Within the silencing complex, metazoan miRNAs pair to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes, usually through imperfect base-pairing with the 39-UTR, thereby specifying the posttranscriptional repression of these target mRNAs [6,30].”
BackgroundPan, Q., Luo, X., Toloubeydokhti, T., & Chegini, N. (2007) · Molecular Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/molehr/gam063 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
RetractedMicroRNA‐21 protects neurons from ischemic death
Buller, B., Liu, X., Wang, X., Zhang, R. L., Zhang, L., Hozeska‐Solgot, A., Chopp, M., & Zhang, Z. G. (2010) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07818.x · Cited by 242 · see citing works
GeneFriends: a human RNA-seq-based gene and transcript co-expression database
van Dam, S., Craig, T., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gku1042 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The Expression and Ovarian Steroid Regulation of Endometrial Micro-RNAs
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Retractedde la Grange, P., Dutertre, M., Correa, M., & Auboeuf, D. (2007) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-180 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Karakas, D., & Ozpolat, B. (2020) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-020-01917-8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
MicroRNAs targeting Nicastrin regulate Aβ production and are affected by target site polymorphisms
Delay, C., Dorval, V., Fok, A., Grenier-Boley, B., Lambert, J.-C., Hsiung, G.-Y., & Hébert, S. S. (2014) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2014.00067 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- PILLAI, R. S.
- Affiliations
- Friedrich Miescher Institute (CH)
- Corresponding author
- PILLAI, RAMESH S.
- ORCID
- PILLAI, RAMESH S.
- Venue
- RNA
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2005-11-28
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1753-1761
- ISSN
- 1355-8382 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-9001
- PMC
- PMC1370863
- OpenAlex
- W2104146201
- Cited by
- 681
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 2.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- RNA (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- microRNA, post-transcriptional regulation, microRNA target mRNAs, microRNA pathway, cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Models, Biological, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Messenger, MicroRNAs
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