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Cited by 821Environmental Justice and Health DisparitiesHealth disparities and outcomesPublic Health and Environmental Issues

Environmental Health Disparities: A Framework Integrating Psychosocial and Environmental Concepts

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Gee, Gilbert C., Payne-Sturges, Devon C.·2004·Environmental Health Perspectives
DOI 10.1289/ehp.7074PMC PMC1253653
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Abstract

Although it is often acknowledged that social and environmental factors interact to produce racial and ethnic environmental health disparities, it is still unclear how this occurs. Despite continued controversy, the environmental justice movement has provided some insight by suggesting that disadvantaged communities face greater likelihood of exposure to ambient hazards. The exposure–disease paradigm has long suggested that differential “vulnerability” may modify the effects of toxicants on biological systems. However, relatively little work has been done to specify whether racial and ethnic minorities may have greater vulnerability than do majority populations and, further, what these vulnerabilities may be. We suggest that psychosocial stress may be the vulnerability factor that links social conditions with environmental hazards. Psychosocial stress can lead to acute and chronic changes in the functioning of body systems (e.g., immune) and also lead directly to illness. In this article we present a multidisciplinary framework integrating these ideas. We also argue that residential segregation leads to differential experiences of community stress, exposure to pollutants, and access to community resources. When not counterbalanced by resources, stressors may lead to heightened vulnerability to environmental hazards.

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  • While earlier studies of the social determinants of health tend to center individual and interpersonal racialized experiences, this new paradigm shifts focus to the institutional and structural conditions that shape racial disparities in health.

    “While earlier studies of the social determinants of health tend to center individual and interpersonal racialized experiences, this new paradigm shifts focus to the institutional and structural conditions that shape racial disparities in health [44, 45, 110, 118].”

    From Towards a critical race methodology in algorithmic fairness (2020) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
Gee, G. C., & Payne-Sturges, D. C.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Environmental Protection Agency (US)
ORCID
Venue
Environmental Health Perspectives
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2004-08-16
Volume
112
Issue
17
Pages
1645-1653
ISSN
  • 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-9924
DOI
10.1289/ehp.7074
PMC
PMC1253653
OpenAlex
W2005194721
Cited by
821
References
13
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 41
FWCI
53.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Public Health and Environmental Issues
Keywords
environmental health disparities, racial and ethnic minorities, psychosocial stress, environmental justice, residential segregation, community stress, pollution exposure, immunological changes
MeSH terms
Environment, Environmental Health, Environmental Pollutants, Ethnicity, Health Status, Humans, Residence Characteristics, Social Class, Social Conditions, Stress, Psychological, Hazardous Substances, Vulnerable Populations, Racial Groups

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