An Investigation of the Specialist Police Service Provided to Male Rape Survivors
Abstract
This study involves Sexual Offences Investigative Technique (SOIT) officers completing a semi-structured questionnaire (disseminated with the assistance of a British police force). This questionnaire included questions about their specialist occupation regarding the provision of victim care, their investigative function and how it adheres to responsibilities outlined in policy documents regarding expectations of the SOIT officer. Questions about service provisions were then put to male and female rape survivors to investigate whether a differential level of service exists regarding victim gender. For example, survivors were asked as to (i) the response of the police on reporting, (ii) the procedures followed, (iii) the level of communication maintained throughout their case and (iv) their suggestions for improvement of the service received in light of their experience. The police and survivor data were analysed using thematic analysis and compared. Key issues which were highlighted by survivors and police officers included the importance of regular communications about the progress of the case. Rape survivors also expressed a lack of confidence in the judicial system; this was more pronounced in adult males. Furthermore, the limited resources available to SOIT officers were found to impact negatively on the service provided to rape survivors.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The accounts of this study reflect existing issues within the UK CJS around exaggerated skepticism, over-estimation of false allegations, and rape myths.
“The accounts of this study reflect existing issues within the UK CJS around exaggerated skepticism (Jamel et al., 2008), over-estimation of false allegations (Angiolini, 2015), and rape myths (Venema, 2016).”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Jamel et al., 2008
In the UK, only a limited number of studies have qualitatively examined the experiences of male survivors in the last 15 years.
“Such challenges seem to be heightened in the UK, where only a limited number of studies have qualitatively examined the experiences of male survivors in the last 15 years (Davies et al., 2010; Jamel et al., 2008).”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Jamel et al., 2008
Men face substantial social and institutional barriers to accessing mental health and criminal justice services.
“Researchers have highlighted how men navigate and make sense of their experiences of sexual violence [1, 2] amid substantial social and institutional barriers to accessing mental health and criminal justice services [3–5].”
Cites
(1998) · Cited by 13,501 · see citing works
Goulding, C. (2002) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781849209236 · Cited by 5,170 · see citing works
American Journal of Psychiatry
Ketzenberger, K. E. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Special Education · doi:10.1002/9781118660584.ese0115 · Cited by 1,132 · see citing works
Observer's reaction to the "innocent victim": Compassion or rejection?
Lerner, M. J., & Simmons, C. H. (1966) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0023562 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Argyris, C. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 906 · see citing works
Groth, A. N., & Birnbaum, H. J. (1979) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-6078-8 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Men Who Rape: The Psychology of the Offender.
Peck, D. L., Groth, A. N., & Birnbaum, H. J. (1981) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2067216 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
Attitudes toward rape: A comparative analysis of police, rapists, crisis counselors, and citizens.
Feild, H. S. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.2.156 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Investigative Interviewing: Psychology and Practice
Cosgrave, N. (2000) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09585180050142732 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
A Gap or A Chasm?: Attrition in Reported Rape Cases
Kelly, L., Lovett, J., & Regan, L. (2005) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e669452007-001 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Mont, J. D., Miller, K., & Myhr, T. L. (2003) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801202250960 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Attitudes toward rape: A comparative analysis of police, rapists, crisis counselors, and citizens.
Feild, H. S. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.36.2.156 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Investigative Interviewing: Psychology and Practice
Milne, R. J., & Bull, R. H. C. (1991) · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Self-citationJordan, J. (2004) · Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/1466802504042222 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Restorative Justice and Family Violence
Strang, H., & Braithwaite, J. B. (2002) · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Male rape: offenders and victims
Groth, A. N., & Burgess, A. W. (1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.7.806 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Davies, M. (2002) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/s1359-1789(00)00043-4 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Sexual coercion reported by men and women in prison
Struckman‐Johnson, C., Struckman‐Johnson, D., Rucker, L., Bumby, K. M., & Donaldson, S. (1996) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499609551816 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Effects of Rape on Men: A Descriptive Analysis
Walker, J., Archer, J. E., & Davies, M. (2005) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-005-1001-0 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Ruling Passions: Sexual Violence, Reputation and the Law
Lees, S. (1996) · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Understanding Rape and Sexual Assault
Campbell, R., & Wasco, S. M. (2004) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260504268604 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Male rape victims: noninstitutionalized assault
Kaufman, A., DiVasto, P. V., Jackson, R., Voorhees, D., & Christy, J. (1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.2.221 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Male on Male Rape: The Hidden Toll of Stigma and Shame
Scarce, M. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Jamieson, L., Soothill, K., & Walby, S. (1992) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/591551 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Gay men as victims of nonconsensual sex
Hickson, F. C. I., Davies, P. M., Hunt, A. J., Weatherburn, P., McManus, T. J., & Coxon, A. P. M. (1994) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01541564 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Male Victims of Sexual Assault
Mezey, G., & King, M. (1987) · Medicine Science and the Law · doi:10.1177/002580248702700211 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Police Training in Sexual Assault Response: Process, Outcomes, and Elements of Change
Lonsway, K. A., Welch, S., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (2001) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/009385480102800602 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Sexual assaults in the Philadelphia prison system and Sheriff’s Vans
Davis, A. J. (1968) · Society · doi:10.1007/bf03180854 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Lambert, A. J., & Raichle, K. A. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167200269010 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Gregory, J., & Lees, S. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203056714 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Victims and Perpetrators of Male Sexual Assault
Hodge, S., & Canter, D. V. (1998) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/088626098013002004 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
STERMAC, L. E., Sheridan, P. M., DAVIDSON, A., & Dunn, S. (1996) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/088626096011001004 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Smith, D. J., Jones, T., & Newburn, T. (1995) · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Gender differences in police officers attitudes towards rape; Results of an exploratory study
Brown, J. M., & King, J. (1998) · Psychology Crime and Law · doi:10.1080/10683169808401760 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Dey, I. (2004) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781848608191.d9 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
O’Donnell, I. (2004) · The British Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1093/bjc/44.2.241 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Schwartz, M. D., Gregory, J., & Lees, S. (2000) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2654598 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Reporting Rape in London: A Qualitative Study
Temkin, J. (1999) · The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1111/1468-2311.00114 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
New directions in police training
Southgate, P. J. (1988) · HMSO eBooks · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Investigating and detecting recorded offences of rape
Feist, A., Ashe, J., Lawrence, J., McPhee, D., & Wilson, R. (2007) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e468392008-001 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The fundamental attribution error: A phenomenological critique
Langdridge, D., & Butt, T. (2004) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/0144666042037962 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Edwards, S., Chambers, G., & Millar, A. (1984) · Journal of Law and Society · doi:10.2307/1410043 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Male Victims of Sexual Assault
(2000) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192629326.001.0001 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Jordan, J. (2002) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/13639510210429392 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Coercive Sexual Behaviour in British Prisons as Reported by Adult Ex‐Prisoners
Banbury, S. A. (2004) · The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2311.2004.00316.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Medical and social aspects of sexual assault of males: a survey of 100 victims.
Hillman, R. J., O'Mara, N., TAYLOR‐ROBINSON, D., & Harris, J. R. W. (1990) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Male Rape Victims Referred to a Forensic Psychiatric Service
Huckle, P. L. (1995) · Medicine Science and the Law · doi:10.1177/002580249503500302 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Jones, T., & Newburn, T. (1994) · Criminal Justice Matters · doi:10.1080/09627259408552691 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Empirically Enhanced Reflections on 20 Years of Rape Research
Koss, M. P. (2004) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260504268601 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Psychology and policing in a changing world
Pearse, J. (1996) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(96)89812-3 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Lewis, P. J. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1753819 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Coleman, M. (1997) · Mental Health Practice · doi:10.7748/mhp.1.2.34.s19 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Rogers, P. (1998) · Mental Health Practice · doi:10.7748/mhp.1.10.18.s13 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Evaluation of police recruit training involving psychology
Bull, R. H. C., & Horncastle, P. (1994) · Psychology Crime and Law · doi:10.1080/10683169408411947 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationWooden, W. S., & Parker, J. (1982) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
6. Police Investigations — Separating the False and Genuine
Williamson, T. R. (1996) · Medicine Science and the Law · doi:10.1177/002580249603600208 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Laurent, C. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Myths about male rape: A literature review.
Turchik, J. A., & Edwards, K. M. (2012) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/a0023207 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Police empathy and victim PTSD as potential factors in rape case attrition
Maddox, L., Lee, D., & Barker, C. (2011) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/s11896-010-9075-6 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Improving Police Officers’ Perceptions of Sexual Offending Through Intensive Training
Darwinkel, E., Powell, M. B., & Tidmarsh, P. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854813475348 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Widanaralalage, B. K., Hine, B. A., Murphy, A. D., & Murji, K. (2022) · Victims & Offenders · doi:10.1080/15564886.2022.2069898 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“Such challenges seem to be heightened in the UK, where only a limited number of studies have qualitatively examined the experiences of male survivors in the last 15 years (Davies et al., 2010; Jamel et al., 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe scope of male rape: A selective review of research, policy and practice
Lowe, M., & Rogers, P. (2017) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2017.06.007 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Willmott, D., & Widanaralalage, B. K. (2024) · International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice · doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2023.100645 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Hammond, L., Ιωάννου, Μ., & Fewster, M. (2016) · Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling · doi:10.1002/jip.1462 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Development and validation of the Male Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (MRMAS)
Hine, B. A., Murphy, A. D., & Churchyard, J. S. (2021) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07421 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
In The Shadows: Making Sense of Gay Male Rape Victims' Silence, Suffering, and Invisibility
Javaid, A. (2017) · International Journal of Sexual Health · doi:10.1080/19317611.2017.1309484 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Giving a Voice to the Voiceless: Police Responses to Male Rape
Javaid, A. (2016) · Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice · doi:10.1093/police/paw035 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Behavior displayed by female victims during rapes committed by lone and multiple perpetrators.
Woodhams, J., Hollin, C. R., Bull, R., & Cooke, C. A. (2011) · Psychology Public Policy and Law · doi:10.1037/a0026134 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationA Systematic Literature Review of Specialist Policing of Rape and Serious Sexual Offences
Dalton, C. T., Barrett, S., Horvath, M. A. H., & Davies, K. (2022) · International Criminology · doi:10.1007/s43576-022-00062-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lundrigan, S., & Mueller‐Johnson, K. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854812474451 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Widanaralalage, B. K., Hine, B. A., Murphy, A. D., & Murji, K. (2023) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/vv-2022-0084 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The role of the specially trained officer in rape and sexual offence cases
McMillan, L. (2014) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2014.912648 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Widanaralalage, B. K., Jennings, S., Dando, C., & Mackenzie, J.-M. (2024) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380241246217 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
A Preliminary Examination of Crime Analysts' Views and Experiences of Comparative Case Analysis
Burrell, A., & Bull, R. (2011) · International Journal of Police Science & Management · doi:10.1350/ijps.2011.13.1.212 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationHuey, L., Blaskovits, B., Bennell, C., Kalyal, H. J., & Walker, T. (2017) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2017.1363968 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The unheard victims: gender, policing and sexual violence
Javaid, A. (2018) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2018.1539484 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Westera, N. J., Gentle, M., Powell, M. B., & Zajac, R. (2022) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012221120447 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Making the invisible visible: (un)meeting male rape victims’ needs in the third sector
Javaid, A. (2017) · Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research · doi:10.1108/jacpr-08-2016-0248 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Hine, B. A., Murphy, A. D., Yesberg, J. A., Wunsch, D., Charleton, B., & Widanaralalage Don, B. K. S. (2021) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2020.1843458 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Webster, W. S., & Oxburgh, G. E. (2021) · Psychiatry Psychology and Law · doi:10.1080/13218719.2021.1956387 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Male survivors' experience of sexual assault and support: A scoping review
Langdridge, D., Flowers, P., & Carney, D. (2023) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2023.101838 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Barriers and Facilitators for Sexual Trauma Disclosure in Boys and Men: A Systematic Review
Pilkington, V., Bendall, S., Rice, S., Salter, M., Wilson, M. J., & Seidler, Z. E. (2025) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380251325210 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Emeno, K., Bennell, C., Snook, B., & Taylor, P. J. (2015) · International Journal of Police Science & Management · doi:10.1177/1461355715621070 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
An investigation of the prevalence, response to, and representation of male rape
Jamel, J. (2009) · Figshare · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationMale Victims of Sexual Violence and Their Welfare in the Criminal Justice System
Widanaralalage, B. K., Hine, B. A., & Murphy, A. D. (2022) · Men and Welfare · doi:10.4324/9781003178811-14 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Interviewing Adult Complainants in Sexual Assault Cases
Chenier, K., Milne, R. J., Smith, K., & Snook, B. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-79968-7_6 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Aborisade, R. A., Adegoke, N., Adeleke, O. A., Urowoli, C. E., Muyideen, O. F., Chineyemba, L. I., & Adedayo, S. (2023) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2023.2222870 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Javaid, A. (2016) · The Police Journal Theory Practice and Principles · doi:10.1177/0032258x16677357 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Denker, K. J. (2021) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003195511-21 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Police specialism in England and Wales: an exploratory review
Barbin, A., Manning, M., Davies, K., & Horvath, M. A. H. (2024) · Journal of Criminological Research Policy and Practice · doi:10.1108/jcrpp-03-2024-0014 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Critical feminist theory, rape, and hooking up
Geisinger, B. (2011) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-2292 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Male Survivors of Sexual Assault: To tell or not to tell?
Pitfield, C. (2013) · UEL Research Repository (University of East London) · doi:10.15123/pub.3442 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Einat, T., & Guter, M. (2024) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x241227407 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Can You Hear Me? I’m Right Here”: Voluntary Sector’s Treatment of Rape Victims
Javaid, A. (2019) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-019-00416-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Widanaralalage, B. K., Jennings, S., Dando, C. J., & Mackenzie, J.-M. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-02706-z · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Javaid, A. (2018) · Victims & Offenders · doi:10.1080/15564886.2018.1503983 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Roach, J. O., & Cartwright, A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-79968-7_14 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Violencia sexual en niños y adolescentes varones en el mundo: una revisión integrativa
Gómez-León, M. C., Rangel, Y. P. M., Cárdenas-Serrato, P. I., Perez, H. A. V., & Gutiérrez, J. L. A. W. (2020) · Revista Colombiana de Enfermería · doi:10.18270/rce.v19i2.2862 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jamel, J. (2014) · Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling · doi:10.1002/jip.1422 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationJavaid, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52639-3_1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Parti, K. (2022) · Politics and Governance · doi:10.17645/pag.v10i4.5519 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Uncovering Male Sexual Victimisation
Javaid, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52639-3_3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fan, Y., Han, X., & Liu, J. (2025) · International journal of law, crime and justice · doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2025.100807 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Me, myself and I: the sociology of policing male rape, the gaze of the ‘Other’
Javaid, A. (2018) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2017.1422736 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence and Gender Asymmetry
NGUYEN, D. V., & Naugle, A. E. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-23645-8_48 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Davis, S. (2020) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · doi:10.34917/4478226 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The rape and sexual assault of men - a review of the
Burrowes, N., & Horvath, T. (2013) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Perspectives on geographical profiling in the United Kingdom
Halford, E. (2023) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2023.2214285 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Addressing the Legal Void: Ensuring Justice for Adult Male Rape Victims in Bangladesh
Alam, M. T., Abbas, A. S., Mutmainnah, I., & Tonny, S. A. (2023) · International Journal of Legal Information · doi:10.1017/jli.2023.20 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Exploring how crime analysts experience working with other people's traumatic material
Lavis, T. (2012) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Turnley, J. A. (2014) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pillars of Society? How Religion May Propagate Male Rape Myths
Hackman, M. (2015) · The Eagle Feather · doi:10.12794/tef.2015.335
Stephens, R. J. (2016) · The Cupola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College (Gettysburg College)
Reporting and Recording Sexual Offences
Thomas, T. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-53239-8_2
Responses to Transphobic Hate Crime
Jamel, J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57879-8_5
Self-citationCan and should police tell victim-survivors ‘I believe you’ during sexual offence investigations?
Hamilton, G., Sigamoney, A., Bartle, J., & Chesser, B. (2025) · Current Issues in Criminal Justice · doi:10.1080/10345329.2025.2582928
YETİŞKİN ERKEKLERE YÖNELİK CİNSEL ŞİDDET VE SOSYAL HİZMET
Çepni, Ş. K. (2025) · Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.47525/ulasbid.1800635
Careless Assemblages: Examining Care and Violence After Men’s Unwanted Sexual Experiences
Bonner‐Thompson, C., McGregor, K., Preston, J., & Stander, W. J. (2026) · Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers · doi:10.1111/tran.70093
- Authors
- Jamel, J., Bull, R., & Sheridan, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Heriot-Watt University (GB)
- Venue
- International Journal of Police Science & Management
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 486-508
- ISSN
- 1461-3557 (ISSN-L)
- 1478-1603
- OpenAlex
- W2059078420
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Police Science & Management (publishedVersion)
- Research Repository (Kingston University London) (submittedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Keywords
- victim care, police resource constraints, rape investigation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
