Cited by 40Indian and Buddhist StudiesPhilosophy and Theoretical ScienceStudy and Philosophy of Religion

Priority Cosmopsychism and the Advaita Vedānta

Open access
Gasparri, Luca·2019·Philosophy East and West

Abstract

The combination of panpsychism and priority monism leads to priority cosmopsychism, the view that the consciousness of individual sentient creatures is derivative of an underlying cosmic consciousness. It has been suggested that contemporary priority cosmopsychism parallels central ideas in the Advaita Vedānta tradition. This article offers a critical evaluation of this claim. It argues that the Advaitic account of consciousness cannot be characterized as an instance of priority cosmopsychism, points out the differences between the two views, and suggests an alternative positioning of the Advaitic canon within the contemporary debate on monism and panpsychism.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1353/pew.2019.0002

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

4 of 30 cited sources checked · 3 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured

  • Premisecitation

    PC maintains that the physical cosmos as a whole instantiates phenomenal properties.

    “Moreover, parallel to PP's claim that all ultimates of nature instantiate phenomenal properties, PC maintains that the physical cosmos, which taken as a whole is the one truly fundamental system of nature, instantiates phenomenal properties.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Mathews (2011) source
    • cites Shani (2015) source
    • cites Nagasawa and Wager (2016) source
  • Premisecitation

    AVT holds that the apparent phenomenal properties of macro-level subjects of experience are derivative of Brahman.

    “(AVT4) The apparent phenomenal properties of macro-level subjects of experience are derivative of Brahman.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Deutsch and Dalvi 2004
    • cites Deutsch (1968)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Sharma (2004)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Interpretationreasoning

    AVT is best characterized as presenting an Absolute Monopsychism (AM)-type metaphysics.

    “Thus, for the present purposes, it is convenient to maintain that AVT are best characterized as presenting an AM-type metaphysics.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Interpretationreasoning

    The Advaitic view is not best characterized as Existence Cosmopsychism (EC).

    “However, even this option would be inappropriate.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Interpretationreasoning

    What for PC is an issue requiring a metaphysical answer is translated by AVT into an issue requiring an error theory.

    “What for PC is an issue requiring a metaphysical answer (explaining the constitution of a real entity) is translated by AVT into an issue requiring an error theory (explaining the emergence of an illusory manifestation).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 7
  • May combine two claims. 8
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisereasoning

    Priority cosmopsychism (PC) is the view that the consciousness of individual sentient creatures is derivative of an underlying cosmic consciousness.

    “The combination of panpsychism and priority monism leads to priority cosmopsychism, the view that the consciousness of individual sentient creatures is derivative of an underlying cosmic consciousness.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Mathews (2011) source
    • cites Shani (2015) source
    • cites Nagasawa and Wager (2016) source

      Section 4.3 (p. 116) defines priority cosmopsychism as holding that the cosmic consciousness is basic and other consciousnesses are derivative of it. But the same section says priority cosmopsychism does not rely on priority monism and remains neutral about their compatibility; it does not support the sentence’s claim that combining panpsychism and priority monism leads to priority cosmopsychism. (LLM, conf=0.88)

      Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    PC maintains that there exists exactly one basic consciousness: cosmic consciousness.

    “Parallel to PM's claim that there exists exactly one basic object token, PC maintains that there exists exactly one basic consciousness: cosmic consciousness.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Mathews (2011) source
    • cites Shani (2015) source
    • cites Nagasawa and Wager (2016) source
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisereasoning

    PC argues that the phenomenal properties instantiated by creatures like us should be accounted for relative to cosmic consciousness.

    “Likewise, PC argues that the physical cosmos as a whole instantiates the most fundamental form of phenomenality (cosmic consciousness), and that the phenomenal properties instantiated by creatures like us should be accounted for relative to cosmic consciousness.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Mathews (2011) source
    • cites Shani (2015) source
    • cites Nagasawa and Wager (2016) source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S1 (asserted).

    Premisecitation

    The Combination Problem is just as daunting as the Problem of Consciousness.

    “Critics of PP argue that the problem of explaining how microphenomenal properties, states, or processes might merge to form macro-phenomenal properties, states, or processes is just as daunting as POC itself (e.g., Goff 2009).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Goff 2009 source
  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    On AM, a non-physical consciousness is the only existing particular, and the internal organization of this unique non-physical consciousness provides the basis for the fallacious appearance of individual selfhood and physical plurality.

    “On AM, a non-physical consciousness is the only existing particular, and the internal organization of this unique non-physical consciousness provides the basis for the fallacious appearance of individual selfhood and physical plurality.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisereasoning

    AM is the view that there exists exactly one particular: a consciousness [Brahman].

    “(AM) There exists exactly one particular: a consciousness [Brahman].”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    PC and AVT are similar in that both are committed to the existence of an underlying universal consciousness and see it as the ground for the mental life of individual subjects.

    “Both PC and AVT are committed to the existence of an underlying universal consciousness and see it as the ground for the mental life of individual subjects.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    AVT holds that physical plurality and individual selfhood are illusory appearances; there are no real macro-level subjects of experience.

    “(AVT3) Physical plurality and individual selfhood are illusory appearances: there are no real macro-level subjects of experience (e.g., human consciousnesses).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Deutsch and Dalvi 2004

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Deutsch (1968)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Sharma (2004)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    PC neutralizes both the Problem of Consciousness and the Combination Problem.

    “PC promises to improve on PP because it neutralizes both POC and the Combination Problem.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The 'cosmic' element inherent to PC is absent in AVT, which rejects PC's appeal to realism about the physical cosmos.

    “Bottom line: the “cosmic” element inherent to PC is absent in AVT, which rejects PC's appeal to realism about the physical cosmos.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    AVT holds that Brahman is not a physical entity instantiating phenomenal properties; it is pure consciousness.

    “(AVT2) Brahman is not a physical entity instantiating phenomenal properties: it is pure consciousness.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Deutsch and Dalvi 2004

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Deutsch (1968)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Sharma (2004)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    PM holds that there exists exactly one basic concrete particular: the whole cosmos.

    “(PM) There exists exactly one basic concrete particular: the whole cosmos.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Schaffer 2010 source
  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    AVT rejects EC1 and EC3: it denies that there exists exactly one concrete particular (the physical cosmos) and that cosmic consciousness is instantiated by the physical cosmos.

    “Yet again, in affirming that existence should be attributed exclusively to Brahman (AVT1) and in denying that the physical world is real (AVT2), AVT is bound to reject EC1 and EC3.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S1 (asserted).

    Premisecitation

    EM holds that there exists exactly one concrete particular: the whole cosmos.

    “(EM) There exists exactly one concrete particular: the whole cosmos.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Horgan and Potrč 2008 source
  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    PC faces the Decombination Problem: giving a precise meaning to 'derivative of' in PC4 and explaining how the conscious mental life of creatures like us may originate from cosmic consciousness.

    “By reasoning along these lines, PC does face the mirror image of the Combination Problem, one that we can call the Decombination Problem: giving a precise meaning to the expression “derivative of” appearing in PC4 and, correlatively, explaining how the conscious mental life exhibited by creatures like us may originate from cosmic consciousness.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
15 of 15
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The Advaitic canon and contemporary priority cosmopsychism can be meaningfully compared as theory-types despite their different historical and cultural contexts.

    “My purpose is to reconstruct priority cosmopsychism, compare it to the worldview emerging from the Advaita Vedānta tradition, and determine whether the Advaitic account of consciousness can in fact 1 be characterized as an instance of priority cosmopsychism.”
1 of 1

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [1]1. Albahari, M. Forthcoming. Beyond cosmopsychism and the great I am: How the world might be grounded in universal 'Advaitic' consciousness. In The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism, ed. B. Seager. London: Routledge.
  2. [19]19. Prabhavananda, and C. Isherwood. Eds. 1978. Shankara's Crest-Jewel of Discrimination: Vivekachudamani. 3rd ed. Los Angeles, CA: Vedanta Press.
  3. [20]20. Potter, K. Ed. 1981. The Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies, Volume 3: Advaita Vedānta up to Samkara and His Pupils. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Gasparri, L.
Affiliations
Institut Jean Nicod (FR)
Corresponding author
Gasparri, Luca
Venue
Philosophy East and West
Publisher
Project MUSE
Published
2019
Volume
69
Issue
1
Pages
130-142
ISSN
  • 0031-8221 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-1898
OpenAlex
W2729863773
Cited by
40
References
21
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 7
FWCI
85.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Philosophy East and West (publishedVersion)
  • PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
  • Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Indian and Buddhist Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Study and Philosophy of Religion
Keywords
cosmopsychism, Advaita Vedanta, monism, philosophy of mind, Indian philosophy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-11.

Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-11.

Cited sources are checked by gpt-6-sol.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review