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Consumption of Acidic Water Alters the Gut Microbiome and Decreases the Risk of Diabetes in NOD Mice
Abstract
Infant formula and breastfeeding are environmental factors that influence the incidence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) as well as the acidity of newborn diets. To determine if altering the intestinal microbiome is one mechanism through which an acidic liquid plays a role in T1D, we placed non-obese diabetic (NOD)/ShiLtJt mice on neutral (N) or acidified H 2 O and monitored the impact on microbial composition and diabetes incidence. NOD-N mice showed an increased development of diabetes, while exhibiting a decrease in Firmicutes and an increase in Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria from as early as 2 weeks of age. NOD-N mice had a decrease in the levels of Foxp3 expression in CD4 + Foxp3 + cells, as well as decreased CD4 + IL17 + cells, and a lower ratio of IL17/IFNγ CD4+ T-cells. Our data clearly indicates that a change in the acidity of liquids consumed dramatically alters the intestinal microbiome, the presence of protective Th17 and Treg cells, and the incidence of diabetes. This data suggests that early dietary manipulation of intestinal microbiota may be a novel mechanism to delay T1D onset in genetically pre-disposed individuals.
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“In this regard, experiments in mice have shown that the composition of tap water can be related with changes in the gut microbiome [47] and have an incidence in the progression of diseases such as diabetes [48].”
From Citizen science charts two major “stomatotypes” in the oral microbiome of adolescents and reveals links with habits and drinking water composition (2018) · cites this paper as [48]
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Willis, J. R., González-Torres, P., Pittis, A. A., Bejarano, L. A., Cozzuto, L., Andreu-Somavilla, N., Alloza-Trabado, M., Valentín, A., Ksiezopolska, E., Company, C., et al. (2018) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0592-3 · Cited by 158
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Training Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wolf, K. J., Daft, J. G., Tanner, S. M., Hartmann, R., Khafipour, E., & Lorenz, R. G.
- Venue
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-01-22
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 237-250
- ISSN
- 0022-1554
- 1551-5044
- PMC
- PMC3966285
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 3
- Language
- en
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