Toward defining the autoimmune microbiome for type 1 diabetes
Open accessAbstract
Several studies have shown that gut bacteria have a role in diabetes in murine models. Specific bacteria have been correlated with the onset of diabetes in a rat model. However, it is unknown whether human intestinal microbes have a role in the development of autoimmunity that often leads to type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune disorder in which insulin-secreting pancreatic islet cells are destroyed. High-throughput, culture-independent approaches identified bacteria that correlate with the development of T1D-associated autoimmunity in young children who are at high genetic risk for this disorder. The level of bacterial diversity diminishes overtime in these autoimmune subjects relative to that of age-matched, genotype-matched, nonautoimmune individuals. A single species, Bacteroides ovatus, comprised nearly 24% of the total increase in the phylum Bacteroidetes in cases compared with controls. Conversely, another species in controls, represented by the human firmicute strain CO19, represented nearly 20% of the increase in Firmicutes compared with cases overtime. Three lines of evidence are presented that support the notion that, as healthy infants approach the toddler stage, their microbiomes become healthier and more stable, whereas, children who are destined for autoimmunity develop a microbiome that is less diverse and stable. Hence, the autoimmune microbiome for T1D may be distinctly different from that found in healthy children. These data also suggest bacterial markers for the early diagnosis of T1D. In addition, bacteria that negatively correlated with the autoimmune state may prove to be useful in the prevention of autoimmunity development in high-risk children.
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An aberrant microbiome, generally diminished diversity including fewer butyrate-producing and mucin-degrading bacteria, is linked to development of autoimmunity in T1DM.
“Recent findings linked an aberrant microbiome, which is generally represented by diminished diversity, including fewer butyrate-producing (butyrate was shown to trigger mucin production and hence gut integrity) and mucin-degrading bacteria,241 to the development of autoimmunity in T1DM.242”
From Pancreatic regulation of glucose homeostasis. (2016) · cites this paper as [242]
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- Authors
- Giongo, A., Gano, K. A., Crabb, D. B., Mukherjee, N., Novelo, L. L., Casella, G., Drew, J. C., Ilonen, J., Knip, M., Hyöty, H., Veijola, R., Simell, T., Simell, O., Neu, J., Wasserfall, C. H., Schatz, D., Atkinson, M. A., & Triplett, E. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- University of Turku (FI)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Tampere University Hospital (FI)
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Turku University Hospital (FI)
- University of Florida Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Triplett, Eric W
- ORCID
- Venue
- The ISME Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-07-08
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-91
- ISSN
- 1751-7362 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-7370
- PMC
- PMC3105672
- OpenAlex
- W2169733549
- Cited by
- 806
- References
- 46
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- FWCI
- 14.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The ISME Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Florida
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, gut microbiota, autoimmunity, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, microbial diversity, early diagnosis, vulnerable children, islet autoimmunity, microbial biomarkers, autoimmune disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Autoantibodies, Bacteria, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Feces, Humans, Infant, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Case-Control Studies, Biodiversity, Metagenome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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