Cited by 315Genomics and Phylogenetic StudiesEvolution and Paleontology StudiesPlant Diversity and Evolution

Bushes in the tree of life

Open access
Rokas, Antonis, Carroll, Sean B·2006·PLoS Biology

Abstract

A discussion of how homoplasy (the frequency of independently evolved characters) and the spacing of cladogenetic events limit our ability to reconstruct the tree of life using existing phylogenetic methods.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040352

Cites

72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Cis-regulatory changes affecting yellow and ebony expression account for pigmentation pattern variation in Drosophila.

    “Such processes account for variation in pigmentation patterns due to regulatory changes affecting expression of the yellow differentiation gene (Gompel et al., 2005; Rokas and Carroll, 2006); and the ebony differentiation gene (Rebeiz et al., 2009).”

    From Evolution of Gene Regulatory Networks Controlling Body Plan Development (2011) · cites this paper as Rokas and Carroll, 2006

    Rokas and Carroll is cited alongside Gompel et al. for the yellow-gene portion of the sentence; the ebony portion has a separate citation. Our copy’s “Why Hundreds of Genes Might Not Suffice” section discusses phylogenetic characters and molecular evolution, not regulatory changes affecting yellow expression or Drosophila pigmentation. Searches for yellow, ebony, cis-regulatory changes, and pigmentation found no passage addressing the attributed point; the passages have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Recent studies of Drosophila species have revealed cis-regulatory sequence microevolution underlying adaptive external trait variation.

    “Recent studies that focused on the adaptive evolution of external traits in and among Drosophila species have revealed processes of cis-regulatory sequence microevolution.”

    From Evolution of Gene Regulatory Networks Controlling Body Plan Development (2011) · cites this paper as Rokas and Carroll, 2006

    The section ‘Why Hundreds of Genes Might Not Suffice’ discusses positive selection and amino acid substitutions, while the Drosophila references concern protein evolution and genomic data. Searches for cis-regulatory microevolution and regulatory changes in external traits found no passage addressing the claimed finding; page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Hillis DM 1996 Inferring complex phylogenies Nature 383 130 131 8774876

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rokas, A., & Carroll, S. B.
Affiliations
  • Broad Institute (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Rokas, Antonis
Venue
PLoS Biology
Published
2006-11-14
Volume
4
Issue
11
Pages
e352
ISSN
  • 1544-9173 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-7885
OpenAlex
W2090427748
Cited by
315
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 16
FWCI
12.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant Diversity and Evolution
Keywords
homoplasy, phylogenetic inference, tree of life
MeSH terms
Animals, Classification, Humans, Phylogeny, Genetic Variation, Hominidae, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, Computational Biology

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review