The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews
Open accessAbstract
Previous genetic studies have suggested a history of sub-Saharan African gene flow into some West Eurasian populations after the initial dispersal out of Africa that occurred at least 45,000 years ago. However, there has been no accurate characterization of the proportion of mixture, or of its date. We analyze genome-wide polymorphism data from about 40 West Eurasian groups to show that almost all Southern Europeans have inherited 1%-3% African ancestry with an average mixture date of around 55 generations ago, consistent with North African gene flow at the end of the Roman Empire and subsequent Arab migrations. Levantine groups harbor 4%-15% African ancestry with an average mixture date of about 32 generations ago, consistent with close political, economic, and cultural links with Egypt in the late middle ages. We also detect 3%-5% sub-Saharan African ancestry in all eight of the diverse Jewish populations that we analyzed. For the Jewish admixture, we obtain an average estimated date of about 72 generations. This may reflect descent of these groups from a common ancestral population that already had some African ancestry prior to the Jewish Diasporas.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Population Structure and Eigenanalysis
Patterson, N., Price, A. L., & Reich, D. (2006) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190 · Cited by 5,280
Self-citationReconstructing Indian population history
Reich, D., Thangaraj, K., Patterson, N., Price, A. L., & Singh, L. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08365 · Cited by 1,674
Self-citationThe Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans
Tishkoff, S. A., Reed, F. A., Friedlaender, F. R., Ehret, C., Ranciaro, A., Froment, A., Hirbo, J. B., Awomoyi, A. A., Bodo, J.-M., Doumbo, O., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1172257 · Cited by 1,573
Genes mirror geography within Europe
Novembre, J., Johnson, T., Bryc, K., Kutalik, Z., Boyko, A. R., Auton, A., Indap, A., King, K. S., Bergmann, S., Nelson, M. R., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07331 · Cited by 1,479
Sensitive detection of chromosomal segments of distinct ancestry in admixed populations
Price, A. L., Tandon, A., Patterson, N., Barnes, K. C., Rafaels, N., Ruczinski, I., Beaty, T. H., Mathias, R., Reich, D., & Myers, S. (2009) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000519 · Cited by 539
Self-citationFenner, J. N. (2005) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20188 · Cited by 508
Nelson, M. R., Bryc, K., King, K. S., Indap, A., Boyko, A. R., Novembre, J., Briley, L. P., Maruyama, Y., Waterworth, D. M., Waeber, G., et al. (2008) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.08.005 · Cited by 293
Atzmon, G., Hao, L., Pe'er, I., Velez, C., Pearlman, A., Palamara, P. F., Morrow, B., Friedman, E., Oddoux, C., Burns, E., et al. (2010) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015 · Cited by 260
Self-citationGene admixture in human populations: Models and predictions
Chakraborty, R. (1986) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330290502 · Cited by 218
Cited by
Ancient Admixture in Human History
Patterson, N., Moorjani, P., Luo, Y., Mallick, S., Rohland, N., Zhan, Y., Genschoreck, T., Webster, T., & Reich, D. (2012) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.112.145037 · Cited by 2,848
Self-citationInference of population splits and mixtures from genome-wide allele frequency data
Pickrell, J. K., & Pritchard, J. K. (2012) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002967 · Cited by 2,731
A high-coverage genome sequence from an archaic denisovan individual
Meyer, M., Kircher, M., Gansauge, M.-T., Li, H., Racimo, F., Mallick, S., Schraiber, J. G., Jay, F., Prüfer, K., de Filippo, C., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1224344 · Cited by 1,967
Self-citationAncient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans
Lazaridis, I., Patterson, N., Mittnik, A., Renaud, G., Mallick, S., Kirsanow, K., Sudmant, P. H., Schraiber, J. G., Castellano, S., Lipson, M., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13673 · Cited by 1,357
Self-citationA genetic atlas of human admixture history
Hellenthal, G., Busby, G. B. J., Band, G., Wilson, J. F., Capelli, C., Falush, D., & Myers, S. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1243518 · Cited by 798
Metadata
- Authors
- Moorjani, P., Patterson, N., Hirschhorn, J. N., Keinan, A., Hao, L., Atzmon, G., Burns, E., Ostrer, H., Price, A. L., & Reich, D.
- Venue
- PLoS Genetics
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-04-21
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e1001373
- ISSN
- 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7404
- OpenAlex
- W2020960520
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 11.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1371/journal.pgen.1001373
- The paper
- Moorjani, P., Patterson, N., Hirschhorn, J. N., Keinan, A., Hao, L., Atzmon, G., Burns, E., Ostrer, H., Price, A. L., & Reich, D. (2011). The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews. PLoS Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1001373
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.