Functional Polymorphism of the Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1) Influences Reinforcement Learning in Humans
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Previous reports on the functional effects (i.e., gain or loss of function), and phenotypic outcomes (e.g., changes in addiction vulnerability and stress response) of a commonly occurring functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1 A118G) have been inconsistent. Here we examine the effect of this polymorphism on implicit reward learning. We used a probabilistic signal detection task to determine whether this polymorphism impacts response bias to monetary reward in 63 healthy adult subjects: 51 AA homozygotes and 12 G allele carriers. OPRM1 AA homozygotes exhibited typical responding to the rewarded response--that is, their bias to the rewarded stimulus increased over time. However, OPRM1 G allele carriers exhibited a decline in response to the rewarded stimulus compared to the AA homozygotes. These results extend previous reports on the heritability of performance on this task by implicating a specific polymorphism. Through comparison with other studies using this task, we suggest a possible mechanism by which the OPRM1 polymorphism may confer reduced response to natural reward through a dopamine-mediated decrease during positive reinforcement learning.
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Human subjects possessing the A118G variant of the MOR gene have altered reinforcement learning and increased risk for alcohol dependence.
“Human subjects possessing this variant of the MOR gene have altered reinforcement learning and increased risk for alcohol dependence (Lee et al 2011; Koller et al 2012).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Lee et al 2011
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“Human subjects possessing this variant of the MOR gene have altered reinforcement learning and increased risk for alcohol dependence (Lee et al. 2011; Koller et al. 2012).”
- Authors
- Lee, M. R., Gallen, C. L., Zhang, X., Hodgkinson, C. A., Goldman, D., Stein, E. A., & Barr, C. S.
- Affiliations
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Mary R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-09-02
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e24203
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3166306
- OpenAlex
- W1992040424
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (Z01AA000301)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- mu-opioid receptor, OPRM1, A118G polymorphism, single nucleotide polymorphisms, reward learning, reinforcement learning, response bias, monetary rewards, dopamine, heritability of behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Drug Users
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