Involvement of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fibrosis in Endometriosis
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BACKGROUND: During the development and progression of endometriotic lesions, excess fibrosis may lead to scarring, chronic pain, and altered tissue function. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis in endometriosis remain to be clarified. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved in regulating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis in endometriosis in vitro and to evaluate whether fibrosis could be prevented by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a xenograft model of endometriosis in immunodeficient nude mice. METHODS: Seventy patients (40 with and 30 without endometriosis) with normal menstrual cycles were recruited. In vitro effects of small-molecule antagonists of the Tcf/β-catenin complex (PKF 115-584 and CGP049090) on fibrotic markers (alpha smooth muscle actin, type I collagen, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin) and collagen gel contraction were evaluated in endometrial and endometriotic stromal cells from patients with endometriosis. In vitro effects of activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by treatment with recombinant Wnt3a on profibrotic responses were evaluated in endometrial stromal cells of patients without endometriosis. The effects of CGP049090 treatment on the fibrosis of endometriotic implants were evaluated in a xenograft model of endometriosis in immunodeficient nude mice. RESULTS: Treatment with PKF 115-584 and CGP049090 significantly decreased the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin, type I collagen, connective tissue growth factor and fibronectin mRNAs in both endometriotic and endometrial stromal cells with or without transforming growth factor-β1 stimulation. Both endometriotic and endometrial stromal cell-mediated contraction of collagen gels was significantly decreased by treatment with PKF 115-584 and CGP049090 as compared to that of untreated cells. The animal experiments showed that CGP049090 prevented the progression of fibrosis and reversed established fibrosis in endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway may be involved in mediating fibrogenesis in endometriosis.
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Extended exposure to TGF-β1 results in elevated expression of α-SMA and markers of terminally differentiated smooth muscle cells in the stromal component of endometriotic lesions, accounting for SMM.
“Extended exposure to TGF-β1 also results in elevated expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and of markers of terminally differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the stromal component of endometriotic lesions, accounting for SMM that is common in endometriotic lesions23–26.”
From Neuropeptides Substance P and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Accelerate the Development and Fibrogenesis of Endometriosis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
The findings explain why DE lesions have abundant SMC-like cells and more extensive fibrosis than OE lesions.
“This also provides an answer to a long-standing conundrum as why DE lesions have abundant SMC-like cells17,25,46 and more extensive fibrosis than that of OE lesions2,4,24,28,46.”
From Neuropeptides Substance P and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Accelerate the Development and Fibrogenesis of Endometriosis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
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- Authors
- Matsuzaki, S., & Darcha, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Matsuzaki, Sachiko
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-10-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e76808
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3790725
- OpenAlex
- W2105973884
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 12.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- endometriosis, fibrosis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, endometrial stromal cells, Wnt3a, collagen gel contraction, type I collagen, alpha-smooth muscle actin, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin, xenograft models, fibrosis prevention, chronic pelvic pain, scar formation, TGF-β1
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Adult, Animals, Collagen, Disease Models, Animal, Endometriosis, Female, Fibrosis, Humans, Perylene, Stromal Cells, RNA Interference, Wnt Proteins, beta Catenin, Connective Tissue Growth Factor, Young Adult, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Heterografts
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