Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production
Open accessAbstract
Soybean biodiesel (B100) has been playing an important role in Brazilian energy matrix towards the national bio-based economy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is the most widely used indicator for assessing the environmental sustainability of biodiesels and received particular attention among decision makers in business and politics, as well as consumers. Former studies have been mainly focused on the GHG emissions from the soybean cultivation, excluding other stages of the biodiesel production. Here, we present a holistic view of the total GHG emissions in four life cycle stages for soybean biodiesel. The aim of this study was to assess the GHG emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system with an integrated life cycle approach of four stages: agriculture, extraction, production and distribution. Allocation of mass and energy was applied and special attention was paid to the integrated and non-integrated industrial production chain. The results indicated that the largest source of GHG emissions, among four life cycle stages, is the agricultural stage (42-51%) for B100 produced in integrated systems and the production stage (46-52%) for B100 produced in non-integrated systems. Integration of industrial units resulted in significant reduction in life cycle GHG emissions. Without the consideration of LUC and assuming biogenic CO2 emissions is carbon neutral in our study, the calculated life cycle GHG emissions for domestic soybean biodiesel varied from 23.1 to 25.8 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100 and those for soybean biodiesel exported to EU ranged from 26.5 to 29.2 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100, which represent reductions by 65% up to 72% (depending on the delivery route) of GHG emissions compared with the EU benchmark for diesel fuel. Our findings from a life cycle perspective contributed to identify the major GHG sources in Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system and they can be used to guide mitigation priority for policy and decision-making. Projected scenarios in this study would be taken as references for accounting the environmental sustainability of soybean biodiesel within a domestic and global level.
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The selection and development of biomass is a crucial, cost-limiting phase in biofuels generation for adjusting and optimizing energy structure and cost.
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- Authors
- Cerri, C. E. P., You, X., Cherubin, M. R., Moreira, C. S., Raucci, G. S., Castigioni, B. D. A., Alves, P. A., Cerri, D. G. P., Mello, F. F. D. C., & Cerri, C. C.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- DeltaCO2 (Brazil) (BR)
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Food Supply (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino
- You, Xin
- Cherubin, Maurício Roberto
- Castigioni, Bruno de Almeida
- Alves, Priscila Aparecida
- Cerri, Domingos Guilherme Pellegrino
- Mello, Francisco Fujita de Castro
- Cerri, Carlos Clemente
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2017-05-11
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e0176948
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5426630
- OpenAlex
- W2613246602
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
- Strategic Network Bio-based Economy (BECY) supported by DAAD and BMBF
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Keywords
- soybean biodiesel, greenhouse gas emissions, life cycle assessment, agricultural emissions, biogenic CO2, land use change, carbon neutrality
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Brazil, Glycine max, Greenhouse Effect, Biofuels
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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