Generative AI and academic scientists in US universities: Perception, experience, and adoption intentions
Open accessAbstract
The integration of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) into academia has sparked interest and debate among academic scientists. This paper explores the early adoption and perceptions of US academic scientists regarding the use of generative AI in teaching and research activities. To do so, this analysis focuses exclusively on STEM fields due to their high exposure to rapid technological advancements. Drawing from a nationally representative survey of 232 respondents, we examine academic scientists’ attitudes, experiences, and intentions regarding AI adoption. Results indicate that 65% of respondents have utilized generative AI in teaching or research activities, with 20% applying it in both areas. Among those currently using AI, 84% intend to continue its application, indicating a high level of confidence in its perceived benefits. AI is most frequently used in teaching to develop pedagogical materials (51%) and in research for writing, reviewing, and editing tasks (40%). Despite concerns about misinformation, with 78% of respondents indicating it as their top concern regarding AI, there is broad recognition of AI’s potential impact on society. Most academic scientists have already integrated AI into their academic activities, demonstrating cautious yet optimistic adoption due to perceived risks. Furthermore, there is strong support for academic-led regulation of AI, highlighting the need for responsible governance to maximize benefits while minimizing risks in educational and research settings.
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65% of STEM academic scientists report using generative AI in teaching or research activities.
“Adoption extends to instructors as well: 65% of STEM academic scientists report using generative AI in teaching or research activities [5].”
From The Due Process Deficit: Auditing AI Governance in U.S. Higher Education (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
The Abstract and Discussion say that 65% of surveyed STEM academic scientists used generative AI in teaching or research. However, the Results distinguish 65% who used it for any purpose from 40% who used it in teaching or research; the remaining 25% used it for other functions. The cited paper is internally inconsistent on the figure in the claim. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Ma, J., Chen, T., Zuo, R., Johnson, T. P., Welch, E. W., Frandell, A., Arroyo‐Machado, W., & Michalegko, L. (2026) · Policy & Internet · doi:10.1002/poi3.70064
Self-citationInvisible Lineage: Generative AI, Scholarly Provenance, and Latent Intellectual DependencePreprint
Prole, J. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7608704
LLMs meet political concept formation: Addressing the genetic gap
Musella, F., & Rullo, L. (2026) · International Political Science Review · doi:10.1177/01925121261491369
- Authors
- Arroyo-Machado, W., Ma, J., Chen, T., Johnson, T. P., Islam, S., Michalegko, L., & Welch, E.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS One
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2025-08-28
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e0330416
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12393709
- OpenAlex
- W4413786615
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 2
- FWCI
- 15.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- generative AI, academic scientists, AI adoption intention, attitudes toward AI, AI in teaching, artificial intelligence in research, STEM education, AI governance, responsible AI use, American universities
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Attitude, Female, Humans, Male, Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Research Personnel, United States, Universities, Intention
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