The Gap Gets Bigger: Changes In Mortality And Life Expectancy, By Education, 1981–2000
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In this paper we examine educational disparities in mortality and life expectancy among non-Hispanic blacks and whites in the 1980s and 1990s. Despite increased attention and substantial dollars directed to groups with low socioeconomic status, within race and gender groups, the educational gap in life expectancy is rising, mainly because of rising differentials among the elderly. With the exception of black males, all recent gains in life expectancy at age twenty-five have occurred among better-educated groups, raising educational differentials in life expectancy by 30 percent. Differential trends in smoking-related diseases explain at least 20 percent of this trend.
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Our results align with recent literature on uneven health risks globally, which has highlighted how socially and economically deprived populations are more vulnerable to the burden of epidemics.
“Our results align with the recent literature on uneven health risks globally, which has highlighted how socially and economically deprived populations are more vulnerable to the burden of epidemics (24, 25).”
From Socioeconomic status determines COVID-19 incidence and related mortality in Santiago, Chile (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
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- Authors
- Meara, E. R., Richards, S., & Cutler, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Health Affairs
- Publisher
- Health Affairs Publishing, LLC
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 350-360
- ISSN
- 0278-2715 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-5208
- PMC
- PMC2366041
- OpenAlex
- W2120161853
- Cited by
- 850
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 41.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Health Affairs (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG005842, P30AG012810)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA019485, 5K01DA19485-2)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Demography › Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Keywords
- educational inequality, life expectancy, mortality, educational gaps, non-Hispanic blacks, racial disparities, older adults, smoking-related diseases, socioeconomic status, health disparities
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Black or African American, Chronic Disease, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Sex Factors, Smoking, United States, Black People, White People
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