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Cited by 89Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesRenin-Angiotensin System StudiesDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Captopril and Enalapril Improve Cognition and Depressed Mood in Hypertensive Patients

Braszko,, J.J., Karwowska-Polecka,, W., Halicka,, D., Gard,, P.R.·2003·Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
DOI 10.1515/jbcpp.2003.14.4.323
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Abstract

UNLABELLED: In this study, we evaluate the effects of two angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), captopril and enalapril given chronically as antihypertensive treatment, on certain cognitive and emotional processes in humans. Thirty-nine subjects with mild to moderate hypertension and fifteen normotensive controls were divided into four groups consisting of normotensive and hypertensive subjects taking captopril, enalapril, or no medication at all. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Wechsler Memory Scale were used to evaluate their cognitive functioning. Mood changes in all subjects were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hopkins Symptom Check- list (HSC). RESULTS: Untreated hypertensive patients scored lower than normotensive controls in cognitive tests and significantly worse in cumulative recall (P < 0.05) and paired words association (P < 0.01). When compared with normotensive subjects, untreated hypertensive patients also scored significantly higher on the depression with anxiety subscale in HSC (P < 0.05). No significant influence of hypertension was found in any other examined aspect of cognition and mood. In most cases captopril improved and enalapril reversed the adverse memory effects of hypertension. High arterial blood pressure is significantly associated with an impairment of cognition and the occurrence of depression with anxiety in humans. Enalapril and, to a lesser extent, captopril reversed these deficits.

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  • Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that chronic therapy with ACE inhibitors in individuals with mild-to-moderate hypertension may improve memory performance, as assessed by the RAVLT and the Wechsler Memory Scale.

    “Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that chronic therapy with these agents in individuals with mild-to-moderate hypertension may improve memory performance, as assessed by the RAVLT and the Wechsler Memory Scale [125].”

    From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [125]

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Authors
Braszko, Karwowska-Polecka, Halicka, & Gard
Affiliations
Medical University of Białystok (PL)
ORCID
Braszko,, J.J.
Venue
Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published
2003-12
Volume
14
Issue
4
Pages
323-344
ISSN
  • 0792-6855 (ISSN-L)
  • 2191-0286
DOI
10.1515/jbcpp.2003.14.4.323
OpenAlex
W1971336623
Cited by
89
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI
0.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) (submittedVersion)
Funders
University of Arizona
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
captopril, enalapril, ACE inhibitors, hypertension, cognitive impairment, memory, depression, anxiety, antihypertensive therapy, arterial blood pressure
MeSH terms
Affect, Captopril, Cognition Disorders, Depression, Educational Status, Enalapril, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Learning, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Mental Recall, Semantics, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales, Word Association Tests, Single-Blind Method, Postmenopause

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