From isolated light‐harvesting complexes to the thylakoid membrane: a single‐molecule perspective
Open accessAbstract
The conversion of solar radiation to chemical energy in plants and green algae takes place in the thylakoid membrane. This amphiphilic environment hosts a complex arrangement of light‐harvesting pigment‐protein complexes that absorb light and transfer the excitation energy to photochemically active reaction centers. This efficient light‐harvesting capacity is moreover tightly regulated by a photoprotective mechanism called non‐photochemical quenching to avoid the stress‐induced destruction of the catalytic reaction center. In this review we provide an overview of single‐molecule fluorescence measurements on plant light‐harvesting complexes (LHCs) of varying sizes with the aim of bridging the gap between the smallest isolated complexes, which have been well‐characterized, and the native photosystem. The smallest complexes contain only a small number (10–20) of interacting chlorophylls, while the native photosystem contains dozens of protein subunits and many hundreds of connected pigments. We discuss the functional significance of conformational dynamics, the lipid environment, and the structural arrangement of this fascinating nano‐machinery. The described experimental results can be utilized to build mathematical‐physical models in a bottom‐up approach, which can then be tested on larger in vivo systems. The results also clearly showcase the general property of biological systems to utilize the same system properties for different purposes. In this case it is the regulated conformational flexibility that allows LHCs to switch between efficient light‐harvesting and a photoprotective function.
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Developments in experimental techniques such as ultrafast spectroscopy, single molecule spectroscopy, time-resolved microscopy and single particle imaging have enabled study of biological dynamics on increasingly small length and time scales, revealing processes necessary for living function that depend on a delicate interplay between quantum and classical physical effects.
“Recently, developments in experimental techniques such as ultrafast spectroscopy [6], single molecule spectroscopy [7 -11], timeresolved microscopy [12 -14] and single particle imaging [15 -18] have enabled us to study biological dynamics on increasingly small length and time scales, revealing a variety of processes necessary for the function of the living system that depend on a delicate interpl”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Gruber, J. M., Malý, P., Krüger, T. P. J., & van Grondelle, R.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Charles University (CZ)
- University of Pretoria (ZA)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Institute for Lasers Life and Biophotonics Faculty of Sciences VU University Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1081 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Corresponding author
- Gruber, J. Michael
- Venue
- Nanophotonics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-07-22
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 81-92
- ISSN
- 2192-8606 (ISSN-L)
- 2192-8614
- OpenAlex
- W2737969612
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 0.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nanophotonics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Keywords
- light-harvesting complexes, thylakoid membranes, photosystem, non-photochemical quenching, photoprotection, excitation energy transfer, chlorophyll, conformational dynamics, lipid environment, single-molecule fluorescence, bottom-up model, plant photosynthesis, green algae
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