Cognitive Vulnerability to Psychological Disorders: Overview of Theory, Design, And Methods
Abstract
Cognitive vulnerability models offer popular ways of understanding the origins and causal factors that contribute to psychological problems. Cognitive vulnerabilities are typically purported to create liabilities to psychological disorders after individuals encounter stressful events, in a vulnerability-stress interaction, and to maintain the problems after their onset. We present a conceptual framework that describes common features shared by most cognitive models, including schematic biases in information processing, developmental factors, reciprocal feedback loops, and specific vulnerabilities for specific problems or disorders. We also examine issues related to the role of theory in determining the appropriate research design, and discuss actual design options and methods used in cognitive vulnerability research, and their strengths and limitations.
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No study has so far investigated cognitive vulnerability-stress interactions in family caregivers of people with dementia.
“To our knowledge, no study has so far investigated cognitive vulnerability-stress interactions, i.e. the possibility that care-related beliefs not only predict mental health per se but also modulate a caregiver’s susceptibility to the emergence of mental health problems when confronted with specific objective caregiving demands (Beck & Haigh, Citation2014; Riskind & Alloy, Citation2006).”
From How do care-related beliefs contribute to depression and anxiety in family caregivers of people with dementia? Testing a cognitive vulnerability-stress model. (2025) · cites this paper as Riskind & Alloy, 2006
Specific beliefs are vulnerability or protective factors that modulate susceptibility to mental health problems when confronted with specific stressors.
“Hence, specific beliefs are considered vulnerability or protective factors that modulate an individual’s susceptibility to the onset of mental health problems when confronted with specific stressors (Riskind & Alloy, Citation2006).”
From How do care-related beliefs contribute to depression and anxiety in family caregivers of people with dementia? Testing a cognitive vulnerability-stress model. (2025) · cites this paper as Riskind & Alloy, 2006
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A Prospective Study of Hopelessness Theory of Anxiety and Depression
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- Authors
- Riskind, J. H., & Alloy, L. B.
- Affiliations
- George Mason University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Guilford Publications
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 705-725
- ISSN
- 0736-7236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2131330124
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- cognitive vulnerability, mental illness, developmental factors, research design, conceptual framework
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