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Dextroamphetamine Enhances “Neural Network-Specific” Physiological Signals: A Positron-Emission Tomography rCBF Study
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Previous studies in animals and humans suggest that monoamines enhance behavior-evoked neural activity relative to nonspecific background activity (i.e., increase signal-to-noise ratio). We studied the effects of dextroamphetamine, an indirect monoaminergic agonist, on cognitively evoked neural activity in eight healthy subjects using positron-emission tomography and the O 15 water intravenous bolus method to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Dextroamphetamine (0.25 mg/kg) or placebo was administered in a double-blind, counterbalanced design 2 hr before the rCBF study in sessions separated by 1–2 weeks. rCBF was measured while subjects performed four different tasks: two abstract reasoning tasks—the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), a neuropsychological test linked to a cortical network involving dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and other association cortices, and Ravens Progressive Matrices (RPM), a nonverbal intelligence test linked to posterior cortical systems—and two corresponding sensorimotor control tasks. There were no significant drug or task effects on pCO 2 or on global blood flow. However, the effect of dextroamphetamine (i.e., dextroamphetamine vs placebo) on task-dependent rCBF activation (i.e., task − control task) showed double dissociations with respect to task and region in the very brain areas that most distinctly differentiate the tasks. In the superior portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus, dextroamphetamine increased rCBF during WCST but decreased it during RPM (ANOVA F(1,7) = 16.72, p < 0.0046). In right hippocampus, blood flow decreased during WCST but increased during RPM (ANOVA F(1,7) = 18.7, p < 0.0035). These findings illustrate that dextroamphetamine tends to “focus” neural activity, to highlight the neural network that is specific for a particular cognitive task. This capacity of dextroamphetamine to induce cognitively specific signal augmentation may provide a neurobiological explanation for improved cognitive efficiency with dextroamphetamine.
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“the current review showed that the cognitive enhancing effects of AMP can also extend to impulse control (de Wit et al., 2002; Dolder et al., 2018), non‐verbal intelligence (Mattay et al., 1996) and learning and long‐term verbal memory (Barch & Carter, 2005; Breitenstein et al., 2006; Soder et al., 2021; Whiting et al., 2007, 2008; Zeeuws et al., 2010a, 2010b; Zeeuws & Soetens, 2007).”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Mattay et al., 1996
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“However, Mattay et al. (1996) reported that AMP enhances general intelligence on Ravens Progressive Matrices (RPM) in the same participants.”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Mattay et al., 1996
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“Mattay et al. (1996) reported that AMP (0.25 mg/kg or ∼18 mg) did not affect performance on WCST in eight participants”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Mattay et al., 1996
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Self-citationEffect of COMT Val 108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia
Egan, M. F., Goldberg, T. E., Kolachana, B. S., Callicott, J. H., Mazzanti, C. M., Straub, R. E., Goldman, D. A., & Weinberger, D. R. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.111134598 · Cited by 2,416
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Prefrontal neurons and the genetics of schizophrenia
Weinberger, D. R., Egan, M. F., Bertolino, A., Callicott, J. H., Mattay, V. S., Lipska, B. K., Berman, K. F., & Goldberg, T. E. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01252-5 · Cited by 751
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mattay, V. S., Berman, K. F., Ostrem, J. L., Esposito, G., Van Horn, J. D., Bigelow, L. B., & Weinberger, D. R.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1996-08-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 4816-4822
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6579012
- OpenAlex
- W1649131281
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- d-amphetamine, regional cerebral blood flow, signal-to-noise ratio, neural network activation, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Raven's Progressive Matrices, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, inferior frontal gyrus, cognitive efficiency
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cognition, Dextroamphetamine, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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