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Anatomical Evidence of Multimodal Integration in Primate Striate Cortex
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The primary visual cortex (area 17 or V1) is not thought to receive input from nonvisual extrastriate cortical areas. However, this has yet to be shown to be the case using sensitive tracers in the part of area 17 subserving the peripheral visual field. Here we show using retrograde tracers that peripheral area 17 subserving the visual field at an eccentricity of 10-20 degrees receives projections from the core and parabelt areas of the auditory cortex as well as from the polysensory area of the temporal lobe (STP). The relative strength of these projections was calculated for each injection by computing the proportions of retrogradely labeled neurons located in the auditory and STP areas with respect to number of labeled neurons constituting the established projection from the superior temporal sulci (STS) motion complex (middle temporal area, medial superior temporal, fundus of the superior temporal area). In peripheral area V1 the projection from auditory cortex corresponds to 9.5% of that of the STS motion complex and STP to 35% of that from the STS motion complex. Compared to peripheral area 17, central and paracentral area 17 showed considerably weaker inputs from auditory cortex (0.2-0.8%) but slightly more from STP cortex (3.5-6.1%). The present results show that the connectivity of area 17 is eccentricity dependent. Direct projections from auditory and STP cortex to peripheral area 17 have important consequences for higher visual functions of area 17, including multimodal integration at early stages of the visual cortical pathway.
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“This is well documented for the peripheral versus central representations of V1, V2, and V4 (Falchier et al. 2002) and the body representation of F2 (Johnson et al. 1996; Matelli et al. 1998; Tanne-Gariepy et al. 2002; Luppino et al. 2003).”
From A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity Matrix for Macaque Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Falchier et al. 2002
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“Many cortical areas show major internal heterogeneity in their connectivity patterns that exceeds the variability reported here for repeat injections that were localized to a particular areal subregion.”
From A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity Matrix for Macaque Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Falchier et al. 2002
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“However, subsequent studies have revealed numerous connections between functional systems, for example, between early auditory and visual areas (Falchier et al. 2002).”
From A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity Matrix for Macaque Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Falchier et al. 2002
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Multisensory Integration in Non-Human Primates during a Sensory-Motor Task
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“and projections from non-visual extrastriate cortical areas to V1 seem to target the peripheral visual cortex but not the central visual cortex [8].”
BackgroundSemantic Elaboration in Auditory and Visual Spatial Memory
Taevs, M., Dahmani, L., Zatorre, R. J., & Bohbot, V. D. (2010) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00228 · Cited by 20
“Importantly, anatomical connections have been shown to exist between the visual and auditory primary cortices (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland and Ojima, 2003).”
BackgroundThe prediction of visual stimuli influences auditory loudness discrimination
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“Indeed, recent tracer studies in monkeys have demonstrated visual input to what was previously thought to be purely auditory cortex (Schroeder & Foxe, 2002) and direct projections from auditory cortex to primary and secondary visual cortex ( Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, 2002; Rockland & Ojima, 2003).”
BackgroundLeong, A. T. L., Dong, C. M., Gao, P. P., Chan, R. W., To, A., Sanes, D. H., & Wu, E. X. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26568-1 · Cited by 20
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“This claim is not surprising in light of recent evidence for connections from auditory centers to V1 (Bhattacharya, Shams, & Shimojo, 2002; Falchier et al., 2002; Giard & Peronnet, 1999; Rockland & Ojima, 2002; Shams, Kamitani, Thompson, & Shimojo , 2001).”
Processing of voices in deafness rehabilitation by auditory brainstem implant
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“Recent work in the macaque described projection from auditory areas to the parts of V1 and V2, which represent the far peripheral visual field (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland and Ojima, 2003).”
Aging, Spatial Disparity, and the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion
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What is the function of auditory cortex when it develops in the absence of acoustic input?
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“Although the neurophysiological substrate(s) of early AV integration involve multisensory neurons in the superior colliculus (Wallace and Stein 1997), and direct (Falchier et al. 2002; Budinger and Scheich 2009; Cappe et al. 2009) and indirect (van den Brink et al.”
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Audio–visual interactions for motion perception in depth modulate activity in visual area V3A
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Neuroplasticity and crossmodal connectivity in the normal, healthy brain.
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“This architecture is hypothesized to enhance stimulus localization in peripheral spaces 70,94 .”
BackgroundBehavioural benefits of multisensory processing in ferrets
Hammond‐Kenny, A., Bajo, V. M., King, A. J., & Nodal, F. R. (2016) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13440 · Cited by 18
“Projections to visual areas V1 and V2 from the auditory cortex have been described in monkeys (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland & Ojima, 2003) and cats (Hall & Lomber, 2008).”
BackgroundMethodEarly Cross-modal Plasticity in Adults
Verde, L. L., Morrone, M. C., & Lunghi, C. (2016) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01067 · Cited by 19
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Passive Auditory Stimulation Improves Vision in Hemianopia
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“Finally, there is sufficient evidence from human and animal research that even the primary visual system, namely the lateral geniculate nucleus [31,32] and the primary visual cortex [33–39], exhibits properties of auditoryvisual cross-modal interaction.”
BackgroundCollignon, O., Dormal, G., & Leporé, F. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139136907.007 · Cited by 18
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Hoshino, O. (2011) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00096 · Cited by 17
“For the former possibility, direct projections between primary sensory cortical areas have in fact been evidenced (Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, 2002 ; Rockland & Ojima, 2003 ; Cappe & Barone 2005 ; Schroeder & Foxe, 2005 ).”
BackgroundA dynamical framework to relate perceptual variability with multisensory information processing
Thakur, B., Mukherjee, A., Sen, A., & Banerjee, A. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep31280 · Cited by 18
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“Because Falchier et al. (2002) did not measure corticocortical connections for visual neurons responding to stimuli more peripherally than 20°, it is uncertain whether the strong auditory cortical connections increase or decrease for more extreme visual eccentricities.”
BackgroundInfluentialParallel feedback pathways in visual cortex of cats revealed through a modified rabies virus
Connolly, J. D., Hashemi‐Nezhad, M., & Lyon, D. C. (2011) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.22748 · Cited by 17
“Eccentricity-dependent anatomical connection patterns have been demonstrated to exist in primates (Falchier et al., 2002), so more systematic analysis of central and peripheral visual field connections of cat area 19 should be explored in future studies.”
BackgroundCloser in time when farther in space—Spatial factors in audiovisual temporal integration
Noesselt, T., Fendrich, R., Bonath, B., Tyll, S., & Heinze, H. (2005) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.005 · Cited by 17
“While the neural mechanism underlying this effect remains to be determined, recent neuroanatomical evidence suggests one candidate mediating pathway: There is a direct cortico-cortical connection between early visual and auditory regions that is found predominantly found in extrafoveal parts of the visual system [7,12…”
BackgroundSelf‐Organization and Pattern Formation in Primate Cortical Networks
Kennedy, H., Douglas, R. J., Kenneth Knoblauch, B., & Dehay, C. (2008) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470994030.ch13 · Cited by 17
“Further, we investigated whether the number of connections in a given pathway is constant across animals (Falchier et al 2002, Vezoli et al 2004).”
BackgroundLong-term memory representations for audio-visual scenes
Meyerhoff, H. S., Jaggy, O., Papenmeier, F., & Huff, M. (2022) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-022-01355-6 · Cited by 16
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“For example, neuroanatomical studies in animals (Falchier et al. 2002; Rockland and Ojima 2003) and diffusion-based imaging studies in humans (Beer et al.”
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V1 as an egocentric cognitive map
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Audio-Visual Perception of Everyday Natural Objects – Hemodynamic Studies in Humans
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Contextual control of audiovisual integration in low‐level sensory cortices
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“…et al., 2001; Takeshima and Gyoba, 2013], we aimed to approach the eccentricities of peripheral fields reported by the macaque anatomical work [Falchier et al., 2002, 2010], to maximize the possibility to recruit the putative human equivalent of direct anatomical audiovisual projections. r…”
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“In this respect, the use of tracers to highlight neural connections in monkeys uncovered the presence of direct projections of the auditory cortex to the primary visual cortex [106] and of the associative auditory cortex to the primary and secondary visual areas [107] that might subserve cortical activation in respons…”
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Cross‐Modal Plasticity Results in Increased Inhibition in Primary Auditory Cortical Areas
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“, [25, 69, 70]), arguing that primary sensory cortex is not “primary” in the sense of receiving only unimodal thalamic input [71].”
Selective attention to sound features mediates cross-modal activation of visual cortices
Retsa, C., Matusz, P. J., Schnupp, J. W. H., & Murray, M. M. (2020) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107498 · Cited by 15
Auditory, Visual, and Cross-Modal Mismatch Negativities in the Rat Auditory and Visual Cortices
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-specific responses to faces and objects in primate auditory cortex
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“Anatomical evidence in monkeys reveals auditory inputs in V1 and V2, including those from primary auditory cortex (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland and Ojima, 2003), and, in humans, visual cortex can respond to auditory stimulation (Martuzzi et al.”
Visual-induced expectations modulate auditory cortical responses
van Wassenhove, V., & Grzeczkowski, L. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00011 · Cited by 16
A possible key role of vision in the development of schizophrenia
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Joint Encoding of Auditory Timing and Location in Visual Cortex
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“Although such connections have been observed in nonhuman primates (Rockland & Ojima, 2003; Falchier et al., 2002), it is currently unclear whether similar pathways exist in humans.”
Blindness and Consciousness: New Light from the Dark
Pietrini, P., Ptito, M., & Kupers, R. C. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374168-4.00027-7 · Cited by 15
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“…(Giard and Peronnet, 1999), and the termination of auditory connections in areas V1 and V2 have a FB signature (Rockland and Ojima, 2003) as do the laminar locations of the projections as revealed in the present study and elsewhere (Falchier et al., 2002; Majka et al., 2019; Markov et al., 2014a).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNotes on Visual Cortical Feedback and Feedforward Connections
Rockland, K. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2022.784310 · Cited by 14
Developing cortex is functionally pluripotent: Evidence from blindness
Saccone, E. J., Tian, M., & Bedny, M. (2024) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101360 · Cited by 17
“…(Andersen et al., 1990; Anzellotti et al., 2017; Beer et al., 2011; Borra and Rockland, 2011; Bouhali et al., 2014; Bressler et al., 2008; Egner and Hirsch, 2005; Falchier et al., 2002; Forkel et al., 2014; Gilbert and Li, 2013; Kamps et al., 2020; Ninomiya et al., 2012; Saygin et al., 2012, 2016).”
BackgroundOn the ‘visual’ in ‘audio-visual integration’: a hypothesis concerning visual pathways
Jaekl, P. M., Pérez-Bellido, A., & Soto‐Faraco, S. (2014) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3927-8 · Cited by 14
Sound speeds vision through preparation, not integration
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Naçi, L., Taylor, K. I., Cusack, R., & TYLER, L. K. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00082 · Cited by 14
“Based in part on findings of direct connections between visual areas V1 and V2, and the core belt and parabelt auditory areas in the macaque monkey (Falchier et al., 2002), these early effects have been attributed to direct interactions between sensory cortices, independent of top– down triggers…”
The Role of Speech Production System in Audiovisual Speech Perception
Jääskeläinen, I. P. (2010) · The Open Neuroimaging Journal · doi:10.2174/1874440001004020030 · Cited by 16
“Further, given the limited temporal resolution of the hemodynamic responses that fMRI measures, it was not possible to determine whether the primary auditory cortex activations were due to back-projections from hierarchically higher secondary auditory or heteromodal cortical areas, or whether they were due to direct c…”
BackgroundFMRI correlates of different components of Braille reading by the blind
Beisteiner, R., Windischberger, C., Geißler, A., Gartus, A., Uhl, F., Moser, E., Deecke, L., & Lanzenberger, R. R. (2015) · Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.npbr.2015.10.002 · Cited by 16
Short-term visual deprivation improves the perception of harmonicity.
Landry, S. P., Shiller, D. M., & Champoux, F. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/a0034015 · Cited by 17
Recruitment of the auditory cortex in congenitally deaf cats
Kral, A., Hartmann, R., & Klinke, R. (2006) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528999.003.0010 · Cited by 14
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Multisensory integration in the mouse cortical connectome using a network diffusion model
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“…they are consistent with several prior studies that argue that there are no strictly unisensory regions, and that to some extent the entire cortex is a multisensory organ (Cappe & Barone, 2005; Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, 2002; Ghazanfar & Schroeder, 2006; Morrill & Hasenstaub, 2018).”
ResultLikova, L. T. (2015) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.2178069 · Cited by 14
“V1, although still treated in most textbooks as a unisensory bottom-up region, is now known to have extensive anatomical connectivity to cortical and subcortical regions far beyond the occipital hierarchy, revealing a wealth of interactions and complex feedback mechanisms (e.g., Ungerleider & Desimone, 1986a,b; Suzuki…”
Boosting pitch encoding with audiovisual interactions in congenital amusia
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Tactile representation of the head and shoulders assessed by fMRI in the nonhuman primate
Wardak, C., Guipponi, O., Pinède, S., & Hamed, S. B. (2015) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00633.2015 · Cited by 14
“…now been described both in monkeys and humans with several approaches (connectivity in the monkey: Cappe and Barone 2005; Clavagnier et al. 2004; Falchier et al. 2002; single-cell recording in the monkey: Iurilli et al. 2012; Vasconcelos et al. 2011; fMRI in humans: Amedi et al. 2001; Macaluso…”
BackgroundZhao, D., & Ku, Y. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.04.053 · Cited by 14
Multimodal mismatch responses in mouse auditory cortex
Sołyga, M., & Keller, G. B. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.95398.4 · Cited by 12
Neuromagnetic responses reveal the cortical timing of audiovisual synchrony
Franciotti, R., Brancucci, A., Penna, S. D., ONOFRJ, M. C., & Tommasi, L. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.018 · Cited by 13
Multisensory representations of space and time in sensory cortices
Gori, M., Bertonati, G., Campus, C., & Amadeo, M. B. (2022) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26090 · Cited by 12
“…Pernier, & Giard, 2002; Giard & Peronnet, 1999; Molholm et al., 2002; van Wassenhove & Grzeczkowski, 2015), with anatomical substrates that were noted to sustain multisensory processing at low levels of cortical processing (Cappe & Barone, 2005; Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland & Ojima, 2003).”
BackgroundPerception of auditory signals
Recanzone, G. H. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05920.x · Cited by 13
Multimodal access to verbal name codes
Berryhill, M. E., Kveraga, K., Webb, L., & Hughes, H. C. (2007) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03193920 · Cited by 14
“In addition, the important role of feedback as well as feedforward connections (Foxe & Schroeder, 2005) may explicate activity observed in early sensory regions (i.e., Calvert et al., 1997, 2000; Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, 2002; Giard & Peronnet, 1999; Heim, Opitz, Muller, & Friederici, 2003; Kayser, Pet…”
Takacs, J. D., Forrest, T. J., & Basura, G. J. (2017) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2017.07.004 · Cited by 13
“Persistent bimodal effects on A1 firing seen here could be mediated by inputs from non-auditory cortices (Cappe and Barone, 2005; Falchier et al., 2002) as well as multi-sensory (Hackett et al.”
The functional roles of feedback projections in the visual system
Shou, T. (2010) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-010-0521-3 · Cited by 13
Effects of Order and Sensory Modality in Stiffness Perception
Korman, M., Teodorescu, K., Cohen, A., Reiner, M., & Gopher, D. (2012) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres_a_00114 · Cited by 13
“The direct connections between primary sensory areas that are activated during the tactile and visual task subserve the phenomenon of cross-modal priming ( Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, 2002 ).”
Crossmodal and Multisensory Interactions Between Vision and Touch
Lacey, S., & Sathian, K. (2015) · Atlantis Press eBooks · doi:10.2991/978-94-6239-133-8_25 · Cited by 12
Watkins, K. E., Coullon, G. S. L., & Bridge, H. (2022) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108304 · Cited by 13
“Alternatively, pre-existing cortico-cortico connections between primary sensory areas (Falchier et al., 2002) or between the language networks and the occipital lobes (Tomasello et al.”
BackgroundVisuo-vestibular heading perception: a model system to study multi-sensory decision making
Zeng, Z., Zhang, C., & Gu, Y. (2023) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0334 · Cited by 13
“For example, numerous electrophysiological [125,126] and anatomical studies [127,128] support the early-integration hypothesis.”
ResultAudiovisual associations alter the perception of low-level visual motion
Kafalıgönül, H., & Oluk, C. (2015) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2015.00026 · Cited by 12
“Neuroanatomical studies show some evidence of sparse connections between auditory and primary visual cortices (Falchier et al., 2002; Clavagnier et al., 2004; Cappe and Barone, 2005).”
BackgroundOn perceived synchrony—neural dynamics of audiovisual illusions and suppressions
Noesselt, T., Bonath, B., Boehler, C. N., Schoenfeld, M. A., & Heinze, H. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.045 · Cited by 12
The neural mechanisms of audiotactile binding depend on asynchrony
Zumer, J., White, T., & Noppeney, U. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14928 · Cited by 10
Keefe, J., Pokta, E., & Störmer, V. S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89654-x · Cited by 11
Multisensory Influences on Auditory Processing
Kayser, C., Petkov, C. I., Remedios, R., & Logothetis, N. K. (2011) · Frontiers in neuroscience · doi:10.1201/b11092-9 · Cited by 12
Changing Pitch of Sounds Alters Perceived Visual Motion Trajectory
Takeshima, Y., & Gyoba, J. (2013) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-00002422 · Cited by 12
Balanced Crossmodal Excitation and Inhibition Essential for Maximizing Multisensory Gain
Hoshino, O. (2014) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00606 · Cited by 12
Innes-Brown, H., Barutchu, A., & Crewther, D. P. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084331 · Cited by 12
Kumar, V. G., Dutta, S., Talwar, S., Roy, D., & Banerjee, A. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14747 · Cited by 12
Making sense of multisensory integration
Molholm, S., & Foxe, J. J. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07238.x · Cited by 12
“Falchier et al. (2002) documented monosynaptic connectivity between hierarchically early unisensory cortical areas, supplying anatomical plausibility for this thesis (see also Rockland & Ojima,”
Bräutigam, L. C., Leuthold, H., Mackenzie, I. G., & Mittelstädt, V. (2023) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-023-01447-x · Cited by 12
“…from other (non-conflict task) studies indicating that information from different input modalities can be integrated to form a coherent representation during task processing (e.g., Falchier et al., 2002; Frings & Spence, 2010; Fu et al., 2020; Spence & Ho, 2015; for a review, see Turk, 2014).”
BackgroundTactile stimulation disambiguates the perception of visual motion paths
Meyerhoff, H. S., Merz, S., & Frings, C. (2018) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-018-1467-0 · Cited by 11
Reorganization of thalamocortical connections in congenitally blind humans
Marins, T. F., Russo, M. M., Rodrigues, É. C., Monteiro, M., Moll, J., Felix, D., Bouzas, J., Arcanjo, H., Vargas, C. D., & Tovar-Moll, F. F. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26192 · Cited by 10
Audition influences color processing in the sound-induced visual flash illusion
Mishra, J., Martı́nez, A., & Hillyard, S. A. (2013) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2013.10.013 · Cited by 11
Lewald, J., & Getzmann, S. (2013) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12306 · Cited by 11
“This may be in accordance with anatomical evidence in sighted monkeys, showing direct projections from the core and parabelt areas of the auditory cortex, which is thought to be the main substrate of the MOR, to the part of V1 subserving the peripheral visual field (Falchier et al., 2002).”
ResultVisual Sensory Signals Dominate Tactile Cues during Docked Feeding in Hummingbirds
Goller, B., Segre, P. S., Middleton, K. M., Dickinson, M. H., & Altshuler, D. L. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00622 · Cited by 11
“Evidence from numerous studies with mammals suggests that different senses are highly interconnected in the vertebrate brain, including integration at early cortical levels (Falchier et al., 2002; Taylor-Clarke et al., 2002; Fu et al., 2003; Rockland and Ojima, 2003).”
BackgroundVisual deprivation modifies oscillatory activity in visual and auditory centers
Pan, P., Zhou, Y., Fang, F., Zhang, G., & Ji, Y. (2018) · Animal Cells and Systems · doi:10.1080/19768354.2018.1474801 · Cited by 11
“that the projections between the caudal auditory cortex and low-level visual cortex show some level of reciprocity (Falchier et al. 2002).”
BackgroundDifferent audio spatial metric representation around the body
Aggius-Vella, E., Campus, C., & Gori, M. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27370-9 · Cited by 11
Effect of acceleration of auditory inputs on the primary somatosensory cortex in humans
Sugiyama, S., Takeuchi, N., Inui, K., Nishihara, M., & Shioiri, T. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31319-3 · Cited by 12
Cortical Processing Of Auditory Space: Pathways And Plasticity
Rauschecker, J. P. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-71978-8_20 · Cited by 12
“Recent anatomical data with more sensitive tracers have demonstrated that a direct projection from auditory to visual cortex, though sparse, does exist in adult rhesus monkeys (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland and Ojima, 2003).”
BackgroundLi, Q., Yang, X., Zhang, M., Liu, L., & Tang, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2019.00059 · Cited by 11
“Furthermore, synapses between the primary auditory and visual cortices are plastic, and the strength of the synapses indicates the experience of establishing a relationship for audiovisual stimulus (Falchier et al., 2002; Rockland and Ojima, 2003; Driver and Noesselt, 2008; Ursino et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSeparation of bimodal fMRI responses in mouse somatosensory areas into V1 and non-V1 contributions
Dinh, T. N. A., Moon, H. S., & Kim, S. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-56305-w · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Falchier, A., Clavagnier, S., Barone, P., & Kennedy, H.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-07-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 5749-5759
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6758216
- OpenAlex
- W2134188685
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 53
- FWCI
- 34.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- primary visual cortex, area 17, multimodal integration, extrastriate cortex, retrograde tracing, primate visual cortex, auditory-visual interaction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Auditory Cortex, Coloring Agents, Injections, Macaca fascicularis, Neurons, Species Specificity, Temporal Lobe, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields, Visual Pathways
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