Cognitive profile of amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities in cognitively normal older adults
Open accessAbstract
Amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are two common markers of neurodegeneration present in advanced aging. Each represents a potential early indicator of an age-related neurological disorder that impacts cognition. The presence of amyloid is observed in a substantial subset of cognitively normal older adults, but the literature remains equivocal regarding whether amyloid in nondemented populations is deleterious to cognition. Similarly, WMH are detected in many nondemented older adults and there is a body of evidence indicating that WMH are associated with decreased executive function and other cognitive domains. The current study investigated amyloid burden and WMH in clinically normal older adult humans aged 65-86 (N = 168) and examined each biomarker's relation with cognitive domains of episodic memory, executive function, and speed of processing. Factors for each domain were derived from a neuropsychological battery on a theoretical basis without reference to the relation between cognition and the biomarkers. Amyloid burden and WMH were not correlated with one another. Age was associated with lower performance in all cognitive domains, while higher estimated verbal intelligence was associated with higher performance in all domains. Hypothesis-driven tests revealed that amyloid burden and WMH had distinct cognitive profiles, with amyloid burden having a specific influence on episodic memory and WMH primarily associated with executive function but having broad (but lesser) effects on the other domains. These findings suggest that even before clinical impairment, amyloid burden and WMH likely represent neuropathological cascades with distinct etiologies and dissociable influences on cognition.
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WMHs and Aβ are key drivers of cognitive decline in healthy older adults and both are considered biomarkers of preclinical dementia.
“WMHs and Aβ are also key drivers of cognitive decline in healthy older adults, and both are considered biomarkers of preclinical dementia [6,7].”
From Amyloid-PET and White Matter Hyperintensities Have Independent Effects on Baseline Cognitive Function and Synergistic Effects on Longitudinal Executive Function (2023) · cites this paper as [7]
The Discussion (page not provided) reports associations between amyloid burden and memory and between WMHs and executive function in cognitively normal older adults. It describes these effects as small and notes that substantial age-related differences in cognition remain unexplained, so the cross-sectional findings do not establish that either is a key driver of decline. The Abstract calls both potential early indicators of age-related neurological disorders, but does not establish both as biomarkers of preclinical dementia. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Baniqued, P. L., Gallen, C. L., Voss, M. W., Burzynska, A. Z., Wong, C. N., Cooke, G. E., Duffy, K., Fanning, J., Ehlers, D. K., Salerno, E. A., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00426 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Cerebral white matter lesions – associations with Aβ isoforms and amyloid PET
van Westen, D., Lindqvist, D., Blennow, K., Minthon, L., Nägga, K., Stomrud, E., Zetterberg, H., & Hansson, O. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep20709 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Effects of amyloid and vascular markers on cognitive decline in subcortical vascular dementia
Ye, B. S., Seo, S. W., Kim, J.-H., Kim, G. H., Cho, H., Noh, Y., Kim, H. J., Yoon, C. W., Woo, S.-Y., Kim, S. H., et al. (2015) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002097 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Estimating Total Cerebral Microinfarct Burden From Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Auriel, E., Westover, M. B., Bianchi, M. T., Reijmer, Y., Martinez-Ramirez, S., Ni, J., Van Etten, E., Frosch, M. P., Fotiadis, P., Schwab, K., et al. (2015) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.009208 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationStudy, F. T. A., Brugulat-Serrat, A., Salvadó, G., Sudre, C. H., Grau-Rivera, O., Suárez-Calvet, M., Falcon, C., Sánchez-Benavides, G., Gramunt, N., Fauria, K., et al. (2020) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-019-00151-2 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Hippocampal hypometabolism in older adults with memory complaints and increased amyloid burden
Vannini, P., Hanseeuw, B., Munro, C. E., Amariglio, R. E., Marshall, G. A., Rentz, D. M., Pascual-Leone, A., Johnson, K. A., & Sperling, R. A. (2017) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000003889 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationCued memory decline in biomarker-defined preclinical Alzheimer disease
Papp, K. V., Rentz, D. M., Mormino, E. C., Schultz, A. P., Amariglio, R. E., Quiroz, Y., Johnson, K. A., & Sperling, R. A. (2017) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000003812 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
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“WMHs and Aβ are also key drivers of cognitive decline in healthy older adults, and both are considered biomarkers of preclinical dementia [6,7].”
Background
- Authors
- Hedden, T., Mormino, E. C., Amariglio, R. E., Younger, A. P., Schultz, A. P., Becker, J. A., Buckner, R. L., Johnson, K. A., Sperling, R. A., & Rentz, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-11-14
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 46
- Pages
- 16233-16242
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC3523110
- OpenAlex
- W2115296012
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 17
- FWCI
- 14.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Massachusetts General Hospital (1S10RR023401, 1S10RR019307, 1S10RR023043, P41RR14075)
- National Institutes of Health (1s10rr019307-01, RR14075, AG 036694, 1s10rr023043-01)
- National Institute on Aging (K01AG040197, K24AG035007, R01AG027435, P50AG005134, P50 AG0513421, R01AG034556, P01AG036694, P30AG062421)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, RR 14075, S10-RR019307, S10-RR-023043, P41RR014075, 1S10RR0 23043, 1S10-RR019307, S10RR023401)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- amyloid burden, white matter hyperintensities, cognitively normal older adults, episodic memory, executive function, processing speed, neurodegeneration, verbal intelligence, age-related cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyloid, Amyloidosis, Brain, Cognition, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Anatomy, Cross-Sectional, Positron-Emission Tomography
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