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Cited by 353

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Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Contribute to Spontaneous Long-Term Functional Recovery after Stroke in Mice

Open access
Wattananit, Somsak, Tornero, Daniel, Graubardt, Nadine, Memanishvili, Tamar, Monni, Emanuela, Tatarishvili, Jemal, Miskinyte, Giedre, Ge, Ruimin, Ahlenius, Henrik, Lindvall, Olle, Schwartz, Michal, Kokaia, Zaal·2016·The Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and currently lacks effective therapy enabling long-term functional recovery. Ischemic brain injury causes local inflammation, which involves both activated resident microglia and infiltrating immune cells, including monocytes. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) exhibit a high degree of functional plasticity. Here, we determined the role of MDMs in long-term spontaneous functional recovery after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. Analyses by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry revealed that monocytes home to the stroke-injured hemisphere., and that infiltration peaks 3 d after stroke. At day 7, half of the infiltrating MDMs exhibited a bias toward a proinflammatory phenotype and the other half toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, but during the subsequent 2 weeks, MDMs with an anti-inflammatory phenotype dominated. Blocking monocyte recruitment using the anti-CCR2 antibody MC-21 during the first week after stroke abolished long-term behavioral recovery, as determined in corridor and staircase tests, and drastically decreased tissue expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including TGFβ, CD163, and Ym1. Our results show that spontaneously recruited monocytes to the injured brain early after the insult contribute to long-term functional recovery after stroke. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT For decades, any involvement of circulating immune cells in CNS repair was completely denied. Only over the past few years has involvement of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in CNS repair received appreciation. We show here, for the first time, that MDMs recruited to the injured brain early after ischemic stroke contribute to long-term spontaneous functional recovery through inflammation-resolving activity. Our data raise the possibility that inadequate recruitment of MDMs to the brain after stroke underlies the incomplete functional recovery seen in patients and that boosting homing of MDMs with an anti-inflammatory bias to the injured brain tissue may be a new therapeutic approach to promote long-term improvement after stroke.

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Crossref · 10.1523/jneurosci.4317-15.2016

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Metadata

Authors
Wattananit, S., Tornero, D., Graubardt, N., Memanishvili, T., Monni, E., Tatarishvili, J., Miskinyte, G., Ge, R., Ahlenius, H., Lindvall, O., Schwartz, M., & Kokaia, Z.
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Published
2016-04-13
Volume
36
Issue
15
Pages
4182-4195
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
OpenAlex
W2340192487
Cited by
353
References
12
FWCI
17.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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Wattananit, S., Tornero, D., Graubardt, N., Memanishvili, T., Monni, E., Tatarishvili, J., Miskinyte, G., Ge, R., Ahlenius, H., Lindvall, O., Schwartz, M., & Kokaia, Z. (2016). Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Contribute to Spontaneous Long-Term Functional Recovery after Stroke in Mice. The Journal of Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4317-15.2016

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