Quantitative Proteomic and Genetic Analyses of the Schizophrenia Susceptibility Factor Dysbindin Identify Novel Roles of the Biogenesis of Lysosome-Related Organelles Complex 1
Open accessAbstract
The Biogenesis of Lysosome-Related Organelles Complex 1 (BLOC-1) is a protein complex containing the schizophrenia susceptibility factor dysbindin, which is encoded by the gene DTNBP1 . However, mechanisms engaged by dysbindin defining schizophrenia susceptibility pathways have not been quantitatively elucidated. Here, we discovered prevalent and novel cellular roles of the BLOC-1 complex in neuronal cells by performing large-scale Stable Isotopic Labeling of Cells in Culture (SILAC) quantitative proteomics combined with genetic analyses in dysbindin-null mice ( Mus musculus ) and the genome of schizophrenia patients. We identified 24 proteins that associate with the BLOC-1 complex, many of which were altered in content/distribution in cells or tissues deficient in BLOC-1. New findings include BLOC-1 interactions with the COG complex, a Golgi apparatus tether, and antioxidant enzymes peroxiredoxins 1–2. Importantly, loci encoding eight of the 24 proteins are affected by genomic copy number variation in schizophrenia patients. Thus, our quantitative proteomic studies expand the functional repertoire of the BLOC-1 complex and provide insight into putative molecular pathways of schizophrenia susceptibility.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Multiple genetic and external factors collectively lead to redox dysregulation.
“several divergent genetic (e.g. Gclc, Gclm, Disc1, PRODH, G72, NRG1) (9–17) or external factors (e.g. stress, social isolation, ketamine, neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion) (18–24) collectively lead to redox dysregulation.”
From Prolonged Period of Cortical Plasticity upon Redox Dysregulation in Fast-Spiking Interneurons (2015) · cites this paper as [12]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Ong, S.-E., Blagoev, B., Kratchmarova, I., Kristensen, D. B., Steen, H., Pandey, A., & Mann, M. (2002) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m200025-mcp200 · Cited by 5,574 · see citing works
Signal transduction by reactive oxygen species
Finkel, T. (2011) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201102095 · Cited by 2,322 · see citing works
Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of schizophrenia
The International Schizophrenia Consortium (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07239 · Cited by 1,475 · see citing works
Allen, N. C., Bagade, S., McQueen, M. B., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Kavvoura, F. K., Khoury, M. J., Tanzi, R. E., & Bertram, L. (2008) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.171 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
Functional and quantitative proteomics using SILAC
Mann, M. (2006) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2067 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
A practical recipe for stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)
Ong, S., & Mann, M. (2006) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.427 · Cited by 898 · see citing works
Schizophrenia, “Just the Facts” What we know in 2008. 2. Epidemiology and etiology
TANDON, R., Keshavan, M. S., & Nasrallah, H. A. (2008) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2008.04.011 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Ross, C. A., Margolis, R. L., Reading, S. A. J., Pletnikov, M. V., & Coyle, J. T. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.015 · Cited by 697 · see citing works
Myhre, O., Andersen, J. M., Aarnes, H., & Fonnum, F. (2003) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00083-2 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Melanosomes — dark organelles enlighten endosomal membrane transport
Raposo, G., & Marks, M. S. (2007) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2258 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Lomant, A. J., & Fairbanks, G. (1976) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(76)90011-5 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Wyatt, R. J., Alexander, R., Egan, M. F., & Kirch, D. G. (1988) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/0920-9964(88)90034-5 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
22q11.2 microdeletions: linking DNA structural variation to brain dysfunction and schizophrenia
Karayiorgou, M., Simon, T. J., & Gogos, J. A. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2841 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Talbot, K., Eidem, W. L., Tinsley, C. L., Benson, M. A., Thompson, E. W., Smith, R. J., Hahn, C.-G., Siegel, S. J., Trojanowski, J. Q., Gur, R. E., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci20425 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Trinkle‐Mulcahy, L., Boulon, S., Lam, Y. W., Urcia, R., Boisvert, F., Vandermoere, F., MORRICE, N. A., Swift, S., Rothbauer, U., Leonhardt, H., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200805092 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Li, W., Zhang, Q. H., Oiso, N., Novak, E. K., Gautam, R., O’Brien, E. P., Tinsley, C. L., Blake, D. J., Spritz, R. A., Copeland, N. G., et al. (2003) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1229 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Association of the AP-3 Adaptor Complex with Clathrin
Dell’Angelica, E. C., Klumperman, J., Stoorvogel, W., & Bonifacino, J. S. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5362.431 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome: a disease of protein trafficking and organelle function
Wei, M. L. (2006) · Pigment Cell Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00289.x · Cited by 357 · see citing works
High frequencies of de novo CNVs in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Malhotra, D., McCarthy, S., Michaelson, J. J., Vacic, V., Burdick, K. E., Yoon, S., Cichon, S., Corvin, A., Gary, S., Gershon, E. S., et al. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.11.007 · Cited by 325 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…that if dysbindin is part of a molecular pathway contributing to or affected by schizophrenia, then genes encoding dysbindin interactors should be significantly represented among those genes with structural variants associated with schizophrenia risk, such as SNAP29 (Malhotra et al., 2011).”
BackgroundUngár, D., Oka, T., Zumbrun, E. E., Vasile, E., Lupashin, V. V., Chatterton, J. E., Heuser, J. E., Krieger, M., & Waters, M. G. (2002) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200202016 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citationPeroxiredoxin 1 and its role in cell signaling
Neumann, C. A., Cao, J., & Manevich, Y. (2009) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.8.24.10242 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Starcevic, M., & Dell’Angelica, E. C. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m402513200 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
BLOC-1 Interacts with BLOC-2 and the AP-3 Complex to Facilitate Protein Trafficking on Endosomes
Pietro, S. M. D., Falcón‐Pérez, J. M., Tenza, D., Setty, S. R. G., Marks, M. S., Raposo, G., & Dell’Angelica, E. C. (2006) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-05-0379 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Setty, S. R. G., Tenza, D., Truschel, S. T., Chou, E., Sviderskaya, E. V., Theos, A. C., Lamoreux, M. L., Pietro, S. M. D., Starcevic, M., Bennett, D. C., et al. (2006) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-12-1066 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
The CRMP Family of Proteins and Their Role in Sema3A Signaling
Schmidt, E. F., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2007) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70956-7_1 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
The Schizophrenia Susceptibility Gene dysbindin Controls Synaptic Homeostasis
Dickman, D. K., & Davis, G. W. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1179685 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Murine Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome genes: regulators of lysosome‐related organelles
Li, W., Rusiniak, M. E., Chintala, S., Gautam, R., Novak, E. K., & Swank, R. T. (2004) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20042 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Roos, A. J. D. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-36229-3_2 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Cossarizza, A., Ferraresi, R., Troiano, L., Roat, E., Gibellini, L., Bertoncelli, L., Nasi, M., & Pinti, M. (2009) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2009.189 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
The Cell Biology of Hermansky–Pudlak Syndrome: Recent Advances
Pietro, S. M. D., & Dell’Angelica, E. C. (2005) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00299.x · Cited by 180 · see citing works
AP-3-dependent trafficking and disease: the first decade
Dell’Angelica, E. C. (2009) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.04.014 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Shestakova, A., Zolov, S. N., & Lupashin, V. V. (2005) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00376.x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationComparative proteomics of clathrin-coated vesicles
Borner, G. H. H., Harbour, M. E., Hester, S., Lilley, K. S., & Robinson, M. S. (2006) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200607164 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Role of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex in protein glycosylation
Smith, R. D., & Lupashin, V. V. (2008) · Carbohydrate Research · doi:10.1016/j.carres.2008.01.034 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citationDysbindin-1 is a synaptic and microtubular protein that binds brain snapin
Talbot, K., Cho, D.-S., Ong, W., Benson, M. A., Han, L.-Y., Kazi, H., Kamins, J., Hahn, C.-G., Blake, D. J., & Arnold, S. E. (2006) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl246 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Papaleo, F., Yang, F., Garcia, S., Chen, J., Lu, B., Crawley, J. N., & Weinberger, D. R. (2010) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2010.106 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Role of dysbindin in dopamine receptor trafficking and cortical GABA function
Ji, Y., Yang, F., Papaleo, F., Wang, H.-X., Gao, W., Weinberger, D. R., & Lu, B. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904289106 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Oka, T., Ungár, D., Hughson, F. M., & Krieger, M. (2004) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0699 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Retrograde transport on the COG railway
Ungár, D., Oka, T., Krieger, M., & Hughson, F. M. (2006) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.12.004 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Martins-de-Souza, D., Harris, L. W., Guest, P. C., & Bahn, S. (2011) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3459 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Iizuka, Y., Sei, Y., Weinberger, D. R., & Straub, R. E. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1689-07.2007 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Craige, B., Salazar, G., & Faúndez, V. (2008) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-12-1239 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Tang, J., LeGros, R., Louneva, N., Yeh, L., Cohen, J., Hahn, C.-G., Blake, D. J., Arnold, S. E., & Talbot, K. (2009) · Nature Precedings · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp329 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Gillingham, A. K., Pfeifer, A. C., & Munro, S. (2002) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-06-0349 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral abnormalities in the dysbindin‐1 mutant, sandy, on a C57BL/6J genetic background
Cox, M. M., Tucker, A. M., Tang, J., Talbot, K., Richer, D. C., Yeh, L., & Arnold, S. E. (2009) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2009.00477.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Candidate genes for schizophrenia: A survey of association studies and gene ranking
Sun, J., Kuo, P., Riley, B. P., Kendler, K. S., & Zhao, Z. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30743 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Hattori, S., Murotani, T., Matsuzaki, S., Ishizuka, T., Kumamoto, N., Takeda, M., Tohyama, M., Yamatodani, A., Kunugi, H., & Hashimoto, R. (2008) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.06.016 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
A Draft of the Human Septin Interactome
Nakahira, M., Macêdo, J. N. A., Seraphim, T. V., Cavalcante, N. G. S., Souza, T. A. C. B., Damalio, J. C. P., Reyes, L. F., Assmann, E. M., Alborghetti, M. R., Garratt, R. C., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013799 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Cadherins in neuronal morphogenesis and function
Suzuki, S. C., & Takeichi, M. (2008) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2008.01002.x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Föcking, M., Dicker, P., English, J. A., Schubert, K. O., Dunn, M. J., & Cotter, D. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.43 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Roles of BLOC-1 and Adaptor Protein-3 Complexes in Cargo Sorting to Synaptic Vesicles
Litwa, K., Salazar, G., Smith, Y., & Faúndez, V. (2009) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0456 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationDysbindin regulates hippocampal LTP by controlling NMDA receptor surface expression
Tang, T. T.-T., Yang, F., Chen, B.-S., Lü, Y., Ji, Y., Roche, K. W., & Lu, B. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0910499106 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Salazar, G., Zlatic, S. A., Craige, B., Peden, A. A., Pohl, J., & Faúndez, V. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m805991200 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Behavioral characterization of dysbindin-1 deficient sandy mice
Bhardwaj, S. K., Baharnoori, M., Sharif-Askari, B., Kamath, A., Williams, S., & Srivastava, L. K. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.10.011 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Molecular organization of the COG vesicle tethering complex
Lees, J. A., Yip, C. K., Walz, T., & Hughson, F. M. (2010) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb.1917 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Talbot, K., Louneva, N., Cohen, J. W., Kazi, H., Blake, D. J., & Arnold, S. E. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016886 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Smith, R. D., Willett, R. A., Kudlyk, T. A., Pokrovskaya, I. D., Paton, A. W., Paton, J. C., & Lupashin, V. V. (2009) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00965.x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationGhiani, C. A., & Dell’Angelica, E. C. (2011) · ASN NEURO · doi:10.1042/an20110010 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Zhang, Q. (2002) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/11.6.697 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
The sandy (sdy) mouse: a dysbindin-1 mutant relevant to schizophrenia research
Talbot, K. (2009) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(09)17910-4 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Cell Biology of the BLOC-1 Complex Subunit Dysbindin, a Schizophrenia Susceptibility Gene
Mullin, A. P., Gokhale, A., Larimore, J. L., & Faúndez, V. (2011) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-011-8183-3 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationCNS Peroxiredoxins and Their Regulation in Health and Disease
Bell, K. F. S., & Hardingham, G. E. (2011) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3567 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Assembly and Architecture of Biogenesis of Lysosome-related Organelles Complex-1 (BLOC-1)
Lee, H. H., Němeček, D., Schindler, C., Smith, W. J., Ghirlando, R., Steven, A. C., Bonifacino, J. S., & Hurley, J. H. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.325746 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Larimore, J. L., Tornieri, K., Ryder, P. V., Gokhale, A., Zlatic, S. A., Craige, B., Lee, J. D., Talbot, K., Paré, J., Smith, Y., et al. (2011) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e11-07-0592 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationBuizer-Voskamp, J. E., Muntjewerff, J.-W., Strengman, E., Sabatti, C., Stefansson, H., Vorstman, J. A. S., & Ophoff, R. A. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.015 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Protein Networks Supporting AP-3 Function in Targeting Lysosomal Membrane Proteins
Baust, T., Anitei, M., Czupalla, C., et al. (2008) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-02-0110 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Genetic modifiers of abnormal organelle biogenesis in a Drosophila model of BLOC-1 deficiency
Cheli, V. T., Daniels, R. W., Godoy, R., et al. (2009) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp555 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Litwa, K., Chintala, S., Jenkins, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3400-09.2010 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Dysbindin Promotes the Post-Endocytic Sorting of G Protein-Coupled Receptors to Lysosomes
Marley, A., & von Zastrow, M. E. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009325 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Dysbindin-1 and Its Protein Family
Talbot, K., Ong, W., Blake, D. J., Tang, J., Louneva, N., Carlson, G. C., & Arnold, S. E. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30410-6_5 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Cytosolic protein interactions of the schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin
Mead, C.-L., Kuzyk, M. A., Moradian, A., Wilson, G. M., Holt, R. A., & Morin, G. B. (2010) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06690.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Zlatic, S. A., Ryder, P. V., Salazar, G., & Faúndez, V. (2010) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/1855 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Perineuronal nets protect fast-spiking interneurons against oxidative stress
Cabungcal, J.-H., Steullet, P., Morishita, H., Kraftsik, R., Cuenod, M., Hensch, T. K., & Do, K. Q. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1300454110 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Steullet, P., Cabungcal, J.-H., Coyle, J., Didriksen, M., Gill, K., Grace, A. A., Hensch, T. K., LaMantia, A.-S., Lindemann, L., Maynard, T. M., et al. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.47 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Linking early-life NMDAR hypofunction and oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathogenesis
Hardingham, G. E., & Do, K. Q. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2015.19 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Steullet, P., Cabungcal, J. H., Monin, A., Dwir, D., O'Donnell, P., Cuenod, M., & Do, K. Q. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.06.021 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Cabungcal, J.-H., Steullet, P., Kraftsik, R., Cuenod, M., & Do, K. Q. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.09.020 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Monin, A., Baumann, P. S., Griffa, A., Xin, L., Mekle, R., Fournier, M., Butticaz, C., Klaey, M., Cabungcal, J. H., Steullet, P., et al. (2015) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2014.88 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Prolonged Period of Cortical Plasticity upon Redox Dysregulation in Fast-Spiking Interneurons
Morishita, H., Cabungcal, J.-H., Chen, Y., Do, K. Q., & Hensch, T. K. (2015) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.12.026 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gokhale, A., Larimore, J., Werner, E., So, L., Moreno-De-Luca, A., Lese-Martin, C., Lupashin, V. V., Smith, Y., & Faundez, V.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-03-14
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3697-3711
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC3313842
- OpenAlex
- W2058428720
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 11.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Emory University (P30NS055077)
- National Institutes of Health (NS42599)
- School of Medicine, Emory University (P30NS055077)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM077569, R01GM077569, GM083144, R01GM083144, K12GM000680)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R56NS042599, NS-42599, R01NS042599, P30NS055077)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- dysbindin, DTNBP1, BLOC-1, lysosome-related organelles, schizophrenia susceptibility, COG complex, peroxiredoxin, antioxidant enzymes, copy number variation, neurons
- MeSH terms
- Dysbindin, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Schizophrenia, Mice, Knockout, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Proteomics, Cell Line, Tumor, Dystrophin-Associated Proteins, Mice, Genetic Association Studies, HEK293 Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
