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Intervention Ecology: Applying Ecological Science in the Twenty-first Century
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Rapid, extensive, and ongoing environmental change increasingly demands that humans intervene in ecosystems to maintain or restore ecosystem services and biodiversity. At the same time, the basic principles and tenets of restoration ecology and conservation biology are being debated and reshaped. Escalating global change is resulting in widespread no-analogue environments and novel ecosystems that render traditional goals unachievable. Policymakers and the general public, however, have embraced restoration without an understanding of its limitations, which has led to perverse policy outcomes. Therefore, a new ecology, free of pre- and misconceptions and directed toward meaningful interventions, is needed. Interventions include altering the biotic and abiotic structures and processes within ecosystems and changing social and policy settings. Interventions can be aimed at leverage points, both within ecosystems and in the broader social system—particularly, feedback loops that either maintain a particular state or precipitate a rapid change from one state to another.
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“To be effective in conserving ecosystems and biodiversity altered by millennia of human interaction, ecological science and conservation will need to go beyond the view of humans as a recent disturbance and incorporate a solid theoretical and historical understanding of the dynamics of human populations and land-use systems and their role in shaping ecosystems over the long term (83, 115, 118).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [118]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hobbs, R. J., Hallett, L. M., Ehrlich, P. R., & Mooney, H. A.
- Venue
- BioScience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 442-450
- ISSN
- 0006-3568 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-3244
- OpenAlex
- W2123195397
- Cited by
- 417
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 27.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- BioScience (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Environmental Philosophy and Ethics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Keywords
- ecological restoration, conservation biology, novel ecosystems, global change, ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, leverage points, feedback loops, restoration policy, social-ecological systems
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