Methamphetamine dependence and neuropsychological functioning: evaluating change during early abstinence
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to assess neuropsychological functioning of individuals in early abstinence from methamphetamine dependence and to test for cognitive change over the first month of abstinence. METHOD: Methamphetamine-dependent subjects in very early abstinence from methamphetamine (4-9 days; n = 27) were compared with healthy comparison subjects (n = 28) on a test battery that evaluated five cognitive domains (attention/processing speed, learning/memory, working memory, timed executive functioning, and untimed executive functioning). A subsample of the methamphetamine-dependent subjects (n =18), who maintained abstinence for 1 month, as well as a subsample of the comparison subjects (n = 21), were retested. RESULTS: At the first assessment, the methamphetamine-dependent subjects showed significantly worse performance than the comparison group on a test of processing speed; they also performed 0.31 SDs worse than the control group on a global battery composite score (p < .05). After a month of abstinence, methamphetamine-dependent subjects demonstrated slightly more cognitive improvement than healthy control subjects on the entire cognitive battery, but this difference did not approach statistical significance (p = .33). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that methamphetamine-dependent subjects do not show considerable cognitive gains in the first month of abstinence. A greater length of abstinence may be needed for cognitive improvement.
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The experience of late protracted withdrawal is linked to mild cognitive dysfunction, particularly in functions involving memory and executive function.
“The experience of this longer, subtle phase of withdrawal is linked to mild cognitive dysfunction (33, 34), particularly in functions involving memory and executive function.”
From Clinical management of psychostimulant withdrawal: review of the evidence (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports mildly lowered cognitive scores in methamphetamine-dependent participants during early abstinence. But this study followed participants only through the first month, not a late protracted withdrawal phase. The First assessment section (page unavailable) found a significant difference in attention/processing speed, while memory and executive-function differences did not reach significance. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMethamphetamine-dependent subjects show impaired cognitive abilities (attention, memory, and executive functions) after one month or less of abstinence.
“Methamphetaminedependent subjects show impaired cognitive abilities (i.e., attention, memory, and executive functions) after one month or less of abstinence (Monterosso et al., 2005; Simon et al., 2010).”
From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Simon et al., 2010
The First assessment section reports worse overall battery performance and a significant weakness on one attention/processing-speed test after 4–9 days of abstinence. Learning/memory and timed executive-functioning differences were only trends, not significant findings; the Discussion reports no significant improvement in any domain after about one month. The paper therefore does not establish impairment in all three named domains. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Simon, S. L., Dean, A. C., Cordova, X., Monterosso, J. R., & London, E. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
- Publisher
- Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.
- Published
- 2010-05
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 335-344
- ISSN
- 1937-1888 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-4114
- PMC
- PMC2859784
- OpenAlex
- W2094075971
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA015179, DA-50038, DA 15179, P20DA022539, DA 022539, R01DA020726, DA 020726)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- methamphetamine dependence, early abstinence, cognitive recovery, neuropsychological performance, processing speed, attention, working memory, executive function, learning and memory, drug addiction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Memory Disorders, Methamphetamine, Neuropsychological Tests, Time Factors, Case-Control Studies, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Executive Function
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