The early time course of smoking withdrawal effects

Hendricks, Peter S.; Ditre, Joseph W.; Drobes, David J.; Brandon, Thomas H.

doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0429-9

Cited by 209Smoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

The early time course of smoking withdrawal effects

Hendricks, Peter S., Ditre, Joseph W., Drobes, David J., Brandon, Thomas H.·2006·Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1007/s00213-006-0429-9

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Rationale There has been little study of the very early time course of the smoking withdrawal syndrome, despite its relevance to the maintenance of both smoking and postcessation abstinence. The literature contains a range of estimates about the early appearance of withdrawal symptoms, but without reference to empirical data. Objectives The study aim was to conduct a comprehensive, multimodal assessment of the early time course of the symptoms associated with smoking withdrawal among cigarette smokers. Methods Participants were 50 smokers randomly assigned to either abstain or smoke at their own pace during 4 h in the laboratory. Dependent measures included resting heart rate, sustained attention (Rapid Visual Information Processing task; RVIP), selective attention to smoking stimuli (an emotional Stroop task), and self-report (Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale; WSWS). After baseline assessment, participants were assigned to the two conditions and the dependent measures were collected every 30 min. Results Generalized estimating equations revealed that abstaining participants displayed greater withdrawal than smoking participants on all measures with the exception of the Stroop task. Statistically significant differences in withdrawal were found within 60 min on heart rate, within 30 min on the RVIP, and between 30 and 180 min postcessation on the various subscales of the WSWS. Conclusions These findings provide the first evidence of the early time course of smoking withdrawal symptoms, although further research is needed to distinguish withdrawal from drug offset effects. Implications for understanding the maintenance of daily smoking and for the treatment of tobacco dependence are discussed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00213-006-0429-9

Cites

101 of 101 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The potential for diurnal rhythms to fully account for the observed effects involving craving and withdrawal is modest as our findings are largely consistent with prior studies examining short term abstinence effects as compared to non-abstinence ad-libitum smoking.
“The potential for diurnal rhythms to fully account for the observed effects involving craving and withdrawal is, in our opinion, modest as our findings are largely consistent with prior studies examining short term abstinence effects as compared to non-abstinence ad-libitum smoking (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
From Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. (2015) · cites this paper as Hendricks et al., 2006
Relatively few studies have utilized rapid sampling procedures to precisely model the time course of these constructs.
“yet relatively few studies have utilized rapid sampling procedures to precisely model the time course of these constructs (Brown et al., 2013; Hendricks, Ditre, Drobes, & Brandon, 2006).”
From Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. (2015) · cites this paper as Hendricks, Ditre, Drobes, & Brandon, 2006
Aversive interoceptive cues routinely occur during the first 2 weeks of quitting.
“Since aversive interoceptive cues routinely occur during the fi rst 2 weeks of quitting ( Hendricks, Ditre, Drobes, & Brandon, 2006 ;Hughes et al., 1990 )”
From Anxiety sensitivity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in the prediction of early smoking lapse and relapse during smoking cessation treatment (2009) · cites this paper as Hendricks, Ditre, Drobes, & Brandon, 2006

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions
Stroop, J. R. (1935) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0054651 · Cited by 18,622 · see citing works
Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models
LIANG, K.-Y., & ZEGER, S. L. (1986) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/73.1.13 · Cited by 18,550 · see citing works
The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire
HEATHERTON, T. F., KOZLOWSKI, L. T., FRECKER, R. C., & FAGERSTROM, K. (1991) · British Journal of Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x · Cited by 10,738 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1967) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,532 · see citing works
Aviat space environ med
(1992) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/0003-6870(92)90338-v · Cited by 7,153 · see citing works
Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review.
MacLeod, C. M. (1991) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163 · Cited by 5,500 · see citing works
The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology
Williams, J. M. G., Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.1.3 · Cited by 2,420 · see citing works
Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement
Baker, T. B., Piper, M. E., McCarthy, D. E., Majeskie, M. R., & Fiore, M. C. (2004) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.111.1.33 · Cited by 2,162 · see citing works
The University of South Florida free association, rhyme, and word fragment norms
Nelson, D. L., McEvoy, C. L., & Schreiber, T. A. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03195588 · Cited by 1,961 · see citing works
Ecological Momentary Assessment (Ema) in Behavioral Medicine
Stone, A. A., & Shiffman, S. (1994) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/16.3.199 · Cited by 1,931 · see citing works
Signs and Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal
Hughes, J. R. (1986) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800030107013 · Cited by 1,669 · see citing works
Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems
Smart, R. G., Cappell, H., Glaser, F. B., Israel, Y., Kalant, H., Popham, R. E., Schmidt, W., & Sellers, E. M. (1984) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2719-6 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works
Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behaviour: systematic review
Fichtenberg, C. M., & Glantz, S. A. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7357.188 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Fear reduction and fear behavior: Problems in treating a construct
Lang, P. J. (1968) · Research in psychotherapy. · doi:10.1037/10546-004 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
Response expectancy as a determinant of experience and behavior.
Kirsch, I. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.40.11.1189 · Cited by 974 · see citing works
The development and initial validation of a questionnaire on smoking urges
TIFFANY, S. T., & DROBES, D. J. (1991) · British Journal of Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01732.x · Cited by 974 · see citing works
Self-citation
How expectancies shape experience.
(1999) · doi:10.1037/10332-000 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Smoking withdrawal symptoms in two weeks of abstinence
Shiffman, S. M., & Jarvik, M. E. (1976) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00634151 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Context processing in older adults: Evidence for a theory relating cognitive control to neurobiology in healthy aging.
Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Keys, B. A., Carter, C. S., Cohen, J. D., Kaye, J. A., Janowsky, J. S., Taylor, S. F., Yesavage, J. A., Mumenthaler, M. S., et al. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.130.4.746 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
I. Synchrony and desynchrony in fear and avoidance
Rachman, S., & Hodgson, R. (1974) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(74)90005-9 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal: A Replication and Extension
Hughes, J. R. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810250054007 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Tobacco withdrawal in self-quitters
Hughes, J. R. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.60.5.689 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Tobacco withdrawal in self-quitters.
Hughes, J. R. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.60.5.689 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Immediate antecedents of cigarette smoking: An analysis from ecological momentary assessment.
Shiffman, S., Gwaltney, C. J., Balabanis, M. H., Liu, K. S., Paty, J. A., Kassel, J. D., Hickcox, M., & Gnys, M. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.4.531 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Nicotine and smoking: A review of effects on human performance.
Heishma, S. J., Taylor, R. C., & Henningfield, J. E. (1994) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.2.4.345 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Motivational Influences on Cigarette Smoking
Baker, T. B., Brandon, T. H., & Chassin, L. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142054 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Self-citation
Nicotine and nonnicotine factors in cigarette addiction
Rose, J. E. (2005) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0250-x · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Individual response patterns and the effects of different behavioral methods in the treatment of claustrophobia
Öst, L., Johansson, J., & Jerremalm, A. (1982) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(82)90066-3 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation.
Waters, A. J., Shiffman, S., Sayette, M. A., Paty, J. A., Gwaltney, C. J., & Balabanis, M. H. (2003) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.4.378 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Cognitive Mechanisms of Nicotine on Visual Attention
Lawrence, N., Ross, T. J., & Stein, E. A. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01004-8 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Immediate antecedents of cigarette smoking: An analysis from ecological momentary assessment.
Shiffman, S. S., Gwaltney, C. J., Balabanis, M. H., Liu, K. S., Paty, J. A., Kassel, J. D., Hickcox, M., & Gnys, M. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.4.531 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Nicotine withdrawal versus other drug withdrawal syndromes: similarities and dissimilarities
HUGHES, J. R., HIGGINS, S. T., & BICKEL, W. K. (1994) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03744.x · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Effects of Abstinence from Tobacco: A Critical Review
Hughes, J. R., Higgins, S. T., & Hatsukami, D. (1990) · Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1669-3_10 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Development and validation of the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale.
Welsch, S. K., Smith, S. S., Wetter, D. W., Jorenby, D. E., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (1999) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037//1064-1297.7.4.354 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Induction of smoking urge through imaginal and in vivo procedures: Physiological and self-report manifestations.
Drobes, D. J., & Tiffany, S. T. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.1.15 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Self-citation
Smoking withdrawal dynamics in unaided quitters.
Piasecki, T. M., Niaura, R., Shadel, W. G., Abrams, D., Goldstein, M., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.1.74 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
The effect of bupropion on nicotine craving and withdrawal
Shiffman, S. S., Johnston, J. A., Khayrallah, M. A., Elash, C. A., Gwaltney, C. J., Paty, J. A., Gnys, M., Evoniuk, G. E., & DeVeaugh-Geiss, J. (2000) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050022 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Recommendation for the assessment of tobacco craving and withdrawal in smoking cessation trials
Shiffman, S., West, R., & Gilbert, D. (2004) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200410001734067 · Cited by 255 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, even if some of the group differences observed in the current study represent offset effects rather than withdrawal, these effects should not be discounted, as withdrawal and offset effects have equal potential to cause distress and motivate cigarette use (e.g., Hughes et al. 1990; Shiffman et al. 2004).”
Background
Development and validation of the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale.
Welsch, S. K., Smith, S. S., Wetter, D. W., et al. (1999) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.7.4.354 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Effects of Smoking on Rapid Information Processing Performance
Wesnes, K. A., & Warburton, D. M. (2008) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000117969 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Cognitive performance effects of subcutaneous nicotine in smokers and never-smokers
Foulds, J., Stapleton, J., Swettenham, J., Bell, N., McSorley, K., & Russell, M. A. (1996) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02805972 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Induction of smoking urge through imaginal and in vivo procedures: Physiological and self-report manifestations.
Drobes, D. J., & Tiffany, S. T. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.1.15 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citation
Profiles in discouragement: Two studies of variability in the time course of smoking withdrawal symptoms.
Piasecki, T. M., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.2.238 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Nicotine abstinence produces content-specific Stroop interference
Gross, T. M., Jarvik, M. E., & Rosenblatt, M. R. (1993) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02251289 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Determinants and effects of attentional bias in smokers.
Waters, A. J., & Feyerabend, C. (2000) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.14.2.111 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Nicotine withdrawal in chippers and regular smokers: Subjective and cognitive effects.
Shiffman, S. S., Paty, J. A., Gnys, M., Kassel, J. D., & al, E. (1995) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.14.4.301 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Smoking withdrawal dynamics: II. Improved tests of withdrawal-relapse relations
Piasecki, T. M., Jorenby, D. E., Smith, S. S., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.14 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Selective processing of smoking-related cues in smokers: manipulation of deprivation level and comparison of three measures of processing bias
Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (2002) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988110201600416 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Smoking withdrawal dynamics: I. Abstinence distress in lapsers and abstainers
Piasecki, T. M., Jorenby, D. E., Smith, S. S., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.3 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Selective Processing of Smoking-Related Cues in Current Smokers, Ex-Smokers and Never-Smokers on the Modified Stroop Task
Munafo, M. R., Mogg, K., Roberts, S., Bradley, B. P., & Murphy, M. F. (2003) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811030173013 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Desire to smoke during spaced smoking intervals
Schuh, K. J., & Stitzer, M. L. (1995) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02311176 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The three-systems-model of fear and emotion—A critical examination
Hugdahl, K. (1981) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(81)90114-5 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
A Replication and Extension
Moos, R. H. (1968) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-196810000-00007 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Nicotine replacement: ten-week effects on tobacco withdrawal symptoms
Gross, J., & Stitzer, M. L. (1989) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00451684 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Tobacco withdrawal and nicotine replacement influence objective measures of sleep.
Wetter, D. W., Fiore, M. C., Baker, T. B., & Young, T. B. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.63.4.658 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The effects of cigarettes of varying yield on rapid information processing performance
Wesnes, K. A., & Warburton, D. M. (1984) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00427682 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Effects of nicotine administration following 12 h of tobacco deprivation: assessment on computerized performance tasks
Snyder, F. R., & Henningfield, J. E. (1989) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00443406 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Assessing DSM-IV nicotine withdrawal symptoms: a comparison and evaluation of five different scales
West, R., USSHER, M. H., Evans, M. W., & Rashid, M. (2005) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0216-z · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Precessation treatment with nicotine skin patch facilitates smoking cessation
Rose, J. E., Behm, F. M., Westman, E. C., & Kukovich, P. (2006) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200500431866 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Smoking and attention: A review and reformulation of the stimulus-filter hypothesis
Kassel, J. D. (1997) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(97)00032-9 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers
Bell, S., Taylor, R., Singleton, E., Henningfield, J., & Heishman, S. (1999) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622299050011141 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Effects of abstinence and smoking on information processing in adolescent smokers
Zack, M. H., Belsito, L., Scher, R., Eissenberg, T., & Corrigall, W. A. (2001) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130000552 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Selective effects of nicotine on attentional processes
Mancuso, G., Sherwood, N., Tirelli, E., Warburton, D. M., & M�len, M. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130051107 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Evidence of more rapid stimulus evaluation following cigarette smoking
Edwards, J. A., Wesnes, K. A., Warburton, D. M., & Gale, A. (1985) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(85)90017-6 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Nicotine vs. placebo gum in the alleviation of withdrawal during smoking cessation
Schneider, N. G., Jarvik, M. E., & Forsythe, A. B. (1984) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(84)90052-2 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Nicotine chewing gum (2 mg, 4 mg) and cigarette smoking: comparative effects upon vigilance and heart rate
Parrott, A. C., & Winder, G. (1989) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00442260 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Psychophysiological effects of nicotine abstinence and behavioral challenges in habitual smokers
Al’Absi, M., Amunrud, T., & Wittmers, L. E. (2002) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(02)00739-6 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Evaluation of the information processing and mood effects of a transdermal nicotine patch
Warburton, D. M., & Mancuso, G. (1998) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050514 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Gender differences in response to nicotine replacement therapy: Objective and subjective indexes of tobacco withdrawal.
Wetter, D. W., Fiore, M. C., Young, T. B., McClure, J. B., de Moor, C. A., & Baker, T. B. (1999) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037//1064-1297.7.2.135 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
A comparison of the psychometric properties of three cigarette withdrawal scales
Etter, J., & Hughes, J. R. (2006) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01289.x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Nicotine-Containing Versus De-Nicotinized Cigarettes: Effects on Craving and Withdrawal
Gross, J., Lee, J. H., & Stitzer, M. L. (1997) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00309-7 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
The Effects of Varying Cigarette Deprivation Duration on Cognitive and Performance Tasks
Hatsukami, D. K., Fletcher, L. A., Morgan, S. F., Keenan, R. M., & Amble, P. (1989) · Journal of Substance Abuse · doi:10.1016/s0899-3289(20)30005-5 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Cigarette Smoking and Nicotine Gum (0, 2 and 4 mg): Effects upon Four Visual Attention Tasks
Parrott, A. C., & Craig, D. (2008) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000118807 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Gender differences in response to nicotine replacement therapy: Objective and subjective indexes of tobacco withdrawal.
Wetter, D. W., Fiore, M. C., Young, T. B., et al. (1999) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.7.2.135 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
BRIEF REPORT
Waters, A. J., Sayette, M. A., & Wertz, J. M. (2003) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930143000716 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Improvements in performance without nicotine withdrawal
Warburton, D. M., & Arnall, C. (1994) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02245578 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Nicotine replacement: the role of blood nicotine levels, their rate of change, and nicotine tolerance.
Russell, M. A. (1988) · PubMed · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Cigarette smoking and attention to signals of reward and threat in the Stroop paradigm
Powell, J. E., Tait, S., & Lessiter, J. (2002) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00117.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Smoking topography and nicotine blood levels
Hatsukami, D. K., Pickens, R. W., Svikis, D. S., & Hughes, J. R. (1988) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(88)90031-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effects of nicotine administered via a transdermal delivery system on vigilance: a repeated measure study
Mancuso, G., Andrés, P., Ansseau, M., & Tirelli, E. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050857 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Expectancy operation: Cognitive–neural models and architectures.
Goldman, M. S. (2004) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10332-002 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Smoking and human information processing
Petrie, R. X. A., & Deary, I. J. (1989) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00445565 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Effect of tobacco withdrawal on sustained attention
Hughes, J. R., Keenan, R. M., & Yellin, A. M. (1989) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(89)90079-8 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Smoking and performance — a puff-by-puff analysis
Revell, A. D. (1988) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02180043 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Do adolescent smokers experience withdrawal effects when deprived of nicotine?
Killen, J. D., Ammerman, S. D., Rojas, N. L., Varady, J. C., Haydel, F., & Robinson, T. N. (2001) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037//1064-1297.9.2.176 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Smoking deprivation and cigarette reinstatement: effects upon visual attention
Parrott, A. C., & Roberts, G. (1991) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988119100500435 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Abstinence effects and reactivity to nicotine during 11 days of smoking deprivation
Pomerleau, O. F., Pomerleau, C. S., & Marks, J. L. (2000) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/713688130 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Determinants and effects of attentional bias in smokers.
Waters, A. J., & Feyerabend, C. (2000) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037//0893-164x.14.2.111 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Dopamine receptor (DRD2) genotype‐dependent effects of nicotine on attention and distraction during rapid visual information processing
Gilbert, D. G., Izetelny, A., Radtke, R. C., Hammersley, J. J., Rabinovich, N. E., Jameson, T., & Huggenvik, J. I. (2005) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200500125245 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
No effect of cigarette smoking on attention or mood in non‐deprived smokers
Herbert, M., Foulds, J., & Fife‐Schaw, C. (2001) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.969134914.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Do adolescent smokers experience withdrawal effects when deprived of nicotine?
Killen, J. D., Ammerman, S., Rojas, N. L., et al. (2001) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.9.2.176 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cigarette smoking and attention: processing speed or specific effects?
Mancuso, G., Lejeune, M., & Ansseau, M. (2001) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130000678 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Smoking expectancy associates among college smokers
Hendricks, P. S., & Brandon, T. H. (2004) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.05.006 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
Acute effects of nicotine withdrawal syndrome in pilots during flight.
Giannakoulas, G. A., Katramados, A. M., Melas, N., et al. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Salivary cotinine levels in human tobacco smokers predict the attentional validity effect size during smoking abstinence
Shirtcliff, E. A., & Marrocco, R. T. (2003) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1293-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Comparison of the effects of nicotine on a fixed rate and a subject-paced version of the rapid information processing task
Baldinger, B., Hasenfratz, M., & Bättig, K. (1995) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02246080 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The Effect of Tobacco Abstinence on Recognition Memory, Digit Span Recall, and Attentional Vigilance.
Hirshman, E., Rhodes, D. K., Zinser, M. C., & Merritt, P. S. (2004) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.12.1.76 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Effects of the nicotine patch on performance during the first week of smoking cessation
Cook, M., Gerkovich, M. M., Graham, C., Hoffman, S., & Peterson, R. C. (2003) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/1462220031000074873 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Psychophysiological interactions between smoking and stress coping?
Hasenfratz, M., & Bättig, K. (1993) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02244331 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A Naturalistic Prospective Study of the Use of Fluoxetine in General Psychiatric Outpatients
Mortimore, C., & Blacker, C. V. R. (1996) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(199609)11:5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

5 of the 106 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Meta-analysis of the acute effects of nicotine and smoking on human performance
Heishman, S. J., Kleykamp, B. A., & Singleton, E. G. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1848-1 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
“Withdrawalinduced performance deficits are typically not seen within 2 h of tobacco deprivation (Parrott et al. 1996; Snyder et al. 1989; although see Hendricks et al. 2006).”
Background
Resting state functional connectivity in addiction: Lessons learned and a road ahead
Sutherland, M. T., McHugh, M. J., Pariyadath, V., & Stein, E. A. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.117 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
“During acute nicotine withdrawal, smokers often report subjectively experienced “difficulty concentrating” and display objectively assessed impairments in task-based performance (Heishman, 1998; Hendricks et al., 2006; Kozink et al., 2010).”
Background
Pain, nicotine, and smoking: Research findings and mechanistic considerations.
Ditre, J. W., Brandon, T. H., Zale, E. L., & Meagher, M. M. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0025544 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cognitive function during nicotine withdrawal: Implications for nicotine dependence treatment
Ashare, R. L., Falcone, M., & Lerman, C. (2014) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.034 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
“However, one study observed decrements in performance (i.e., slower reaction time) on the RVIP as soon as 30 min post cessation (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Anxiety sensitivity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in the prediction of early smoking lapse and relapse during smoking cessation treatment
Zvolensky, M. J., Stewart, S. H., Vujanovic, A. A., Gavric, D., & Steeves, D. (2009) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntn037 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Nicotine self‐medication of cognitive‐attentional processing
Evans, D. E., & Drobes, D. J. (2008) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2008.00130.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“This effect has been observed as early as 30 minutes following smoking (Hendricks et al. 2006).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Smoking Cessation and Quality of Life: Changes in Life Satisfaction Over 3 Years Following a Quit Attempt
Piper, M. E., Kenford, S. L., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2011) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-011-9329-2 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“, [35, 40]), or perhaps due to a decrease in anxious arousal or restlessness that had been caused by the psychomotor stimulant effects of nicotine (cf.”
DSM criteria for tobacco use disorder and tobacco withdrawal: a critique and proposed revisions for DSM‐5*
Baker, T. B., Breslau, N., Covey, L. S., & Shiffman, S. S. (2011) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03657.x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“This is because while deprivation typically increases craving [65], craving also occurs during ongoing smoking [62, 66] and predicts smoking satisfaction [67, 68], and future ad libitum smoking [66, 69].”
Background
Anhedonia as a component of the tobacco withdrawal syndrome.
Cook, J. W., Piper, M. E., Leventhal, A. M., Schlam, T. R., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000016 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“Such reports likely reflect the fact that active drug use (e.g., smoking) provides only temporary withdrawal suppression (e.g., Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Background
Methamphetamine dependence and neuropsychological functioning: evaluating change during early abstinence
Simon, S. L., Dean, A. C., Cordova, X., Monterosso, J. R., & London, E. D. (2010) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2010.71.335 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“Cognitive dysfunction in smokers has been related to nicotine withdrawal (e.g., Domier et al., 2007; Hendricks et al., 2006; Mendrek et al., 2006), with some effects seen very soon after the cessation of smoking (30-180 minutes).”
Background
Using mediational models to explore the nature of tobacco motivation and tobacco treatment effects.
Piper, M. E., Federman, E. B., McCarthy, D. E., Bolt, D. M., Smith, S. S., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.1.94 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study
McClernon, F. J., Kollins, S. H., Lutz, A. M., Fitzgerald, D. P., Murray, D. W., Redman, C., & Rose, J. E. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-007-1009-3 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
“The effects of nicotine withdrawal vary substantially over time (Gilbert et al. 2002; Hatsukami et al. 1989; Hendricks et al. 2006), and it will be important to study the phenomenon over a longer period in both ADHD and non-ADHD smokers.”
BackgroundInfluential
Varenicline effects on craving, cue reactivity, and smoking reward
Brandon, T. H., Drobes, D. J., Unrod, M., Heckman, B. W., Oliver, J. A., Roetzheim, R. C., Karver, S. B., & Small, B. J. (2011) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2327-z · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“Although some withdrawal symptoms can appear within this period (Hendricks et al. 2006), they are relatively mild and may not be significantly affected by medication.”
Self-citation
Withdrawal: Expanding a Key Addiction Construct
Piper, M. E. (2015) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv048 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Anxiety and Depression in Bidirectional Relations Between Pain and Smoking
Zale, E. L., Maisto, S. A., & Ditre, J. W. (2015) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445515610744 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citation
Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Hatha Yoga on Craving to Smoke
Elibero, A., Rensburg, K. J. V., & Drobes, D. J. (2011) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntr163 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citation
Interventions for Tobacco Smoking
Schlam, T. R., & Baker, T. B. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185602 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“These symptoms mount rapidly, within a few hours or less of stopping smoking (Hendricks et al. 2006), and typically—but not always—last two to four weeks (Hughes 2007).”
Background
Why two smoking cessation agents work better than one: Role of craving suppression.
Bolt, D. M., Piper, M. E., Theobald, W. E., & Baker, T. B. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026366 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Anhedonia: Its Dynamic Relations With Craving, Negative Affect, and Treatment During a Quit Smoking Attempt
Cook, J. W., Lanza, S. T., Chu, W., Baker, T. B., & Piper, M. E. (2016) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw247 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Prospective predictors of quitting behaviours among adult smokers in six cities in China: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) China Survey
Li, L., Feng, G., Jiang, Y., Yong, H., Borland, R., & Fong, G. T. (2011) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03444.x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“Many smokers find it very difficult to quit smoking [1,2].”
Nicotine deprivation increases pain intensity, neurogenic inflammation, and mechanical hyperalgesia among daily tobacco smokers.
Ditre, J. W., Zale, E. L., LaRowe, L. R., Kosiba, J. D., & Vita, M. J. D. (2018) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000353 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citation
What a difference a day makes: differences in initial abstinence response during a smoking cessation attempt
Piper, M. E., Vasilenko, S. A., Cook, J. W., & Lanza, S. T. (2016) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13613 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Cigarette craving is associated with blunted reward processing in nicotine-dependent smokers
Peechatka, A. L., Whitton, A. E., Farmer, S. L., Pizzagalli, D. A., & Janes, A. C. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.015 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Cellular, molecular, and genetic substrates underlying the impact of nicotine on learning
Gould, T. J., & Leach, P. T. (2013) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.08.004 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Chronic Exposure to Nicotine Is Associated with Reduced Reward-Related Activity in the Striatum but not the Midbrain
Rose, E. J., Ross, T. J., Salmeron, B. J., Lee, M., Shakleya, D. M., Huestis, M. A., & Stein, E. A. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.09.013 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“For the purposes of characterization, participants completed measures of attention, switching (Trails A and B; 42), memory (43), and the Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI; 44).”
Method
The craving to smoke in flight attendants: Relations with smoking deprivation, anticipation of smoking, and actual smoking.
Dar, R., Rosen-Korakin, N., Shapira, O., Gottlieb, Y., & Frenk, H. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017778 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Neurocognitive impairments in non-deprived smokers-results from a population-based multi-center study on smoking-related behavior
Wagner, M., Schulze‐Rauschenbach, S., Petrovsky, N., Brinkmeyer, J., von der Goltz, C., Gründer, G., Spreckelmeyer, K. N., Wienker, T. F., Diaz-Lacava, A. N., Mobascher, A., et al. (2012) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00429.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Anhedonia and the relative reward value of drug and nondrug reinforcers in cigarette smokers.
Leventhal, A. M., Trujillo, M. A., Ameringer, K. J., Tidey, J. W., Sussman, S. Y., & Kahler, C. W. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036384 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“…elapsed in between participants’ last cigarette and the onset of the smoking task, yet some withdrawal symptoms emerge within 30 min of abstinence (Hendricks, Ditre, Drobes, & Brandon, 2006), which opens the possibility that very early withdrawal in the nonabstinent condition may have obscured…”
Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations
Mündel, T. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0764-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
THC reduces the anticipatory nucleus accumbens response to reward in subjects with a nicotine addiction
Jansma, J. M., van Hell, H. H., Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., Bossong, M. G., Jager, G., Kahn, R. S., & Ramsey, N. F. (2013) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2013.6 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“The possibility that subjects were experiencing some withdrawal effects at the time of testing can, however, not be excluded, as early effects of withdrawal have been reported within 60 min.(58) However, responses to the VAS during scanning did not suggest effects of withdrawal in NAD.”
Background
Depressive mood, suicide ideation and anxiety in smokers who do and smokers who do not manage to stop smoking after a target quit day
Berlin, I., Chen, H., & Covey, L. S. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03109.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Smoking withdrawal is associated with increases in brain activation during decision making and reward anticipation: a preliminary study
Addicott, M. A., Baranger, D. A. A., Kozink, R. V., Smoski, M. J., Dichter, G. S., & McClernon, F. J. (2011) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2404-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Smoking cessation results in the disruption of multiple forms of cognition including sustained attention (Gilbert et al. 2004; Hendricks et al. 2006; Myers et al. 2008) and working memory (Snyder et al. 1989; Mendrek et al. 2006; Myers et al. 2008).”
Influential
Acute Nicotine Differentially Impacts Anticipatory Valence- and Magnitude-Related Striatal Activity
Rose, E. J., Ross, T. J., Salmeron, B. J., Lee, M., Shakleya, D. M., Huestis, M. A., & Stein, E. A. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.034 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Enhancing the effectiveness of smoking treatment research: conceptual bases and progress
Baker, T. B., Collins, L. M., Mermelstein, R. J., Piper, M. E., Schlam, T. R., Cook, J. W., Bolt, D. M., Smith, S. S., Jorenby, D. E., Fraser, D. L., et al. (2015) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13154 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Differences in nicotine intake and effects from electronic and combustible cigarettes among dual users
Helen, G. S., Nardone, N., Addo, N., Dempsey, D. A., Havel, C. M., Jacob, P., & Benowitz, N. L. (2019) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.14884 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“%) in cigarette smokers whose cotinine had been measured on multiple occasions for estimation [20].”
Background
Atomoxetine Reverses Nicotine Withdrawal-Associated Deficits in Contextual Fear Conditioning
Davis, J. A., & Gould, T. J. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301315 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“In smokers, nicotine abstinence is associated with deficits in concentration (Hendricks et al, 2006), sustained attention (Hendricks et al, 2006), digit recall (Snyder et al, 1989), paired associate learning (Kleinman Received 25 July 2006; revised 16 November 2006; accepted 17 November 2006…”
Background
Early cessation success or failure among women attempting to quit smoking: Trajectories and volatility of urge and negative mood during the first postcessation week.
Cofta-Woerpel, L. M., McClure, J. B., Li, Y., Urbauer, D. L., Cinciripini, P. M., & Wetter, D. W. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023755 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“This finding is consistent with research showing that withdrawal emerges very quickly after quitting and that the immediate response to nicotine deprivation may be useful in determining the risk for relapse (Hendricks et al., 2006; Kahler et al., 2002; McCarthy et al., 2006).”
Result
Neurocognitive variation in smoking behavior and withdrawal: genetic and affective moderators
Evans, D. E., Park, J. Y., Maxfield, N. D., & Drobes, D. J. (2009) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2008.00445.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Studies using similar attention-related tasks have found differences in performance as a function of nicotine abstinence (e.g. Hendricks et al. 2006).”
MethodSelf-citation
The Interplay Between Tobacco Dependence and Sleep Quality Among Young Adults
Cohen, A., Abu, N. B., & Haimov, I. (2018) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2018.1546707 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Are tobacco dependence and withdrawal related amongst heavy smokers? Relevance to conceptualizations of dependence.
Baker, T. B., Piper, M. E., Schlam, T. R., Cook, J. W., Smith, S. S., Loh, W., & Bolt, D. M. (2012) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027889 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Subjective Social Status Affects Smoking Abstinence During Acute Withdrawal Through Affective Mediators
Reitzel, L. R., Mazas, C. A., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Li, Y.-S., Cao, Y.-M., Businelle, M., Cinciripini, P., & Wetter, D. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02875.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“As withdrawal effects emerge very soon after quitting [27,28,30] and generally peak during the initial 2 weeks following the quit attempt [31], affective mediators of an SSSabstinence relationship might be examined ideally during the period of acute withdrawal from smoking.”
Efficacy of a Nicotine (4 mg)-Containing Lozenge on the Cognitive Impairment of Nicotine Withdrawal
Atzori, G., Lemmonds, C. A., Kotler, M. L., Durcan, M. J., & Boyle, J. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e31818c9bb8 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
The effects of acute exercise on cognitive functioning and cigarette cravings during temporary abstinence from smoking
Rensburg, K. J. V., & Taylor, A. H. (2008) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.925 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Investigating the impact of nicotine on executive functions using a novel virtual reality assessment
Jansari, A. S., Froggatt, D., Edginton, T. L., & Dawkins, L. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12082 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“In nicotine-dependent smokers, nicotine abstinence results in pronounced cognitive impairments (6,7), and this effect has been observed as early as 30 minutes post cigarette (8).”
Background
Physiological and psychological symptoms and predictors in early nicotine withdrawal
Morrell, H. E. R., Cohen, L. M., & Al’Absi, M. (2008) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2007.12.020 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“However, surprisingly few studies have examined the temporal progression of the withdrawal syndrome within these first 24 h, thus leaving a significant gap in our understanding of nicotine withdrawal (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
BackgroundResult
Momentary reductions of attention permit greater processing of irrelevant stimuli
Weissman, D. H., Warner, L. M., & Woldorff, M. G. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.06.081 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“Reductions of attention also profoundly disrupt behavior in numerous clinical syndromes, such as attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Castellanos et al., 2005; Reimer et al., 2005), Alzheimer's disease (Berardi et al., 2005), and drug addiction (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Background
Severity of negative mood and anxiety symptoms occurring during acute abstinence from tobacco: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Conti, A. A., Tolomeo, S., Steele, J. D., & Baldacchino, A. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.018 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Nicotine withdrawal and stress‐induced changes in pain sensitivity: A cross‐sectional investigation between abstinent smokers and nonsmokers
Nakajima, M., & Al’Absi, M. (2014) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12241 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Smoking is Associated with Worse Mood on Stressful Days: Results from a National Diary Study
Aronson, K. R., Almeida, D. M., Stawski, R. S., Klein, L. C., & Kozlowski, L. T. (2008) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-008-9068-1 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Acute effects of cigarette smoking on insulin resistance and arterial stiffness in young adults
Seet, R. C. S., Loke, W. M., Khoo, C. M., Chew, S. E., Chong, W. L., Quek, A. M. L., Lim, E. C. H., & Halliwell, B. B. (2012) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.06.060 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Smoking withdrawal shifts the spatiotemporal dynamics of neurocognition
Kozink, R. V., Lutz, A. M., Rose, J. E., Froeliger, B., & McClernon, F. J. (2010) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00252.x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“SA deficits emerge shortly after cessation (Hendricks et al. 2006) and persist for weeks among some smokers (Gilbert et al. 2004).”
Background
Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study.
Bujarski, S., Roche, D. J. O., Sheets, E. S., Krull, J. L., Guzman, I., & Ray, L. A. (2015) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0038861 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“…for diurnal rhythms to fully account for the observed effects involving craving and withdrawal is, in our opinion, modest as our findings are largely consistent with prior studies examining short term abstinence effects as compared with nonabstinence ad libitum smoking (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Self-control depletion and nicotine deprivation as precipitants of smoking cessation failure: A human laboratory model.
Heckman, B. W., MacQueen, D. A., Marquinez, N. S., MacKillop, J., Bickel, W. K., & Brandon, T. H. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000197 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citation
Neural Basis of Smoking-Related Difficulties in Emotion Regulation
Faulkner, P., Dean, A. C., Ghahremani, D. G., & London, E. D. (2020) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyaa015 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Smoking Abstinence and Neurocognition: Implications for Cessation and Relapse
McClernon, F. J., Addicott, M. A., & Sweitzer, M. M. (2015) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13665-3_8 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Interestingly, deficits in sustained attention as measured with the RVIP may arise as early as 30 min into withdrawal (Hendricks et al. 2006).”
Background
Evaluating the validities of different DSM‐IV‐based conceptual constructs of tobacco dependence*
Hendricks, P. S., Prochaska, J. J., Humfleet, G. L., & Hall, S. M. (2008) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02232.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“This measure was used in concurrent validation analyses because withdrawal is believed to be a fundamental criterion of tobacco dependence (e.g. [25]).”
Self-citation
Passive immunization with a nicotine-specific monoclonal antibody decreases brain nicotine levels but does not precipitate withdrawal in nicotine-dependent rats
Roiko, S. A., Harris, A. C., LeSage, M. G., Keyler, D. E., & Pentel, P. R. (2009) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2009.04.011 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The latency to the onset of nicotine withdrawal: A test of the sensitization-homeostasis theory
DiFranza, J. R., & Ursprung, W. W. S. (2008) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.04.011 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Nicotine Deprivation Influences P300 Markers of Cognitive Control
Evans, D. E., Maxfield, N. D., Rensburg, K. J. V., Oliver, J. A., Jentink, K. G., & Drobes, D. J. (2013) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.159 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function
McClernon, F. J., Froeliger, B., Rose, J. E., Kozink, R. V., Addicott, M. A., Sweitzer, M. M., Westman, E. C., & Wert, D. M. V. (2015) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12253 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“These effects on cognition emerge within minutes of abstinence (Hendricks et al. 2006), persist for weeks following quitting smoking among some smokers (Gilbert et al.”
Influential
Effects of exercise on craving and cigarette smoking in the human laboratory
Kurti, A. N., & Dallery, J. (2014) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.004 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Differential effects of nicotine exposure on the hippocampus across lifespan
Zeid, D., Kutlu, M. G., & Gould, T. J. (2018) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x15666170714092436 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“These effects are mirrored in adult human smokers, whose withdrawalassociated cognitive deficits encourage continued nicotine administration [184, 185].”
Background
Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance
Kochunov, P., Du, X. M., Moran, L. V., Sampath, H., Wijtenburg, S. A., Yang, Y., Rowland, L. M., Stein, E. A., & Hong, L. E. (2013) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00117 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Resting-state EEG, impulsiveness, and personality in daily and nondaily smokers
Rass, O., Ahn, W., & O’Donnell, B. F. (2015) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.007 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Current nicotine withdrawal (Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale, WSWS; Hendricks et al., 2006) and breath carbon monoxide (CO; piCO +, Bedfont Scientific Ltd.”
BackgroundMethod
The effects of varenicline on attention and inhibitory control among treatment-seeking smokers
Rhodes, J. D., Hawk, L. W., Ashare, R. L., Schlienz, N. J., & Mahoney, M. C. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2700-6 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Extended access nicotine self-administration with periodic deprivation increases immature neurons in the hippocampus
Cohen, A., Soleiman, M. T., Talia, R., Koob, G. F., George, O., & Mandyam, C. D. (2014) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3685-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“, concentration (Hendricks et al. 2006; Hughes et al. 1991; Hughes et al. 1994), attention (Hughes et al.”
Urge to smoke over 52 weeks of abstinence
USSHER, M. H., Beard, E., Abikoye, G. E., Hájek, P., & West, R. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2886-7 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Attention Shift towards Smoking Cues Relates to Severity of Dependence, Smoking Behavior and Breath Carbon Monoxide
Vollstädt‐Klein, S., Loeber, S., Winter, S., Leménager, T., von der Goltz, C., Dinter, C., Koopmann, A., Wied, C., Winterer, G., & Kiefer, F. (2011) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000327775 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“is nicotine deprivation. Although in the present study smokers were allowed to smoke at fixed time points, the time at which the visual dot probe task was administered was about 2.5 h after the last cigarette. Physical symptoms of withdrawal in smokers already begin 30–60 min after consumption of the last cigarette [”
BackgroundInfluential
A randomized controlled trial of distress tolerance treatment for smoking cessation.
Brown, R. A., Reed, K. M. P., Bloom, E. L., Minami, H., Strong, D. R., Lejuez, C. W., Zvolensky, M. J., & Hayes, S. C. (2018) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000372 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Effects of nicotine withdrawal on cognition in a clinical trial setting
Wesnes, K. A., Edgar, C. J., Kezic, I., Salih, H. M., & de Boer, P. (2013) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3089-6 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“In laboratory studies, impairment on cognitive tasks emerges between 0.5 and 2 h after tobacco deprivation begins (Parrott et al. 1996; Hendricks et al. 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
Anxiety sensitivity facets in relation to tobacco use, abstinence-related problems, and cognitions in treatment-seeking smokers
Guillot, C. R., Leventhal, A. M., Raines, A. M., Zvolensky, M. J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.01.005 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Subliminal processing of smoking-related and affective stimuli in tobacco addiction.
Leventhal, A. M., Waters, A. J., Breitmeyer, B. G., Miller, E. K., Tapia, E., & Li, Y. (2008) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0012640 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Recent evidence indicates that withdrawal effects can emerge within a few hours of abstinence (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
WHO MPOWER tobacco control scores in the Eastern Mediterranean countries based on the 2011 report
Heydari, G., Talischi, F., Algouhmani, H., et al. (2013) · Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal · doi:10.26719/2013.19.4.314 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mindfulness predicts lower affective volatility among African Americans during smoking cessation.
Adams, C. E., Chen, M., Guo, L., Lam, C. Y., Stewart, D. W., Correa-Fernández, V., Cano, M. Á., Heppner, W. L., Vidrine, J. I., Li, Y., et al. (2014) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0036512 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Additional analyses were conducted adjusting for abstinence status at Day +3, Day +10, and Day +31 in order to control for changes in negative affect associated with nicotine withdrawal (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Method
Naltrexone alteration of the nicotine-induced EEG and mood activation response in tobacco-deprived cigarette smokers.
Knott, V., & Fisher, D. J. (2007) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.15.4.368 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Cigarette craving and withdrawal symptoms during temporary abstinence and the effect of nicotine gum
Brown, J., Hajek, P., McRobbie, H., Locker, J., Gillison, F., McEwen, A., Beard, E., & West, R. (2013) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3100-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“In the few studies that have examined the issue directly, different withdrawal symptoms appear to emerge variously between 1 and 6 h after the onset of abstinence (Gross et al. 1997; Hendricks et al. 2006; Parrott et al. 1996; Schuh and Stitzer 1995; Tiffany and Drobes 1991).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Withdrawal: A key consideration in evaluating whether highly processed foods are addictive
Parnarouskis, L., Leventhal, A. M., Ferguson, S. G., & Gearhardt, A. N. (2022) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13507 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Smoking Factors Differentially Modulate Craving, Withdrawal and Cerebral Blood Flow as Measured with Arterial Spin Labeling
Addicott, M. A., Froeliger, B., Kozink, R. V., Wert, D. M. V., Westman, E. C., Rose, J. E., & McClernon, F. J. (2014) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.108 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Among habitual smokers, these symptoms may begin within an hour after the last cigarette (Hendricks et al, 2006) and can last for weeks (Gilbert et al, 1998, 2002).”
Background
Progression of nicotine dependence, mood level, and mood variability in adolescent smokers.
Piasecki, T. M., Hedeker, D., Dierker, L., & Mermelstein, R. J. (2016) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000165 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Comparative dynamics of four smoking withdrawal symptom scales
Javitz, H. S., Lerman, C. E., & Swan, G. E. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03838.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The effect of body image threat on smoking motivation among college women: Mediation by negative affect.
Khoury, E. N. L., Litvin, E. B., & Brandon, T. H. (2009) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0014291 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Routledge Handbook of Destination Marketing
Gowreesunkar, V. G., Séraphin, H., & Morrison, A. M. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315101163 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dissociation of tolerance and nicotine withdrawal-associated deficits in contextual fear
Gould, T. J., Wilkinson, D. S., Yildirim, E., Blendy, J. A., & Adoff, M. D. (2014) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.02.038 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“, 2012a), and upon cessation of nicotine treatment, withdrawal-related deficits in learning and other cognitive measures emerge (Ashare et al., 2013; Davis et al., 2005; Heishman, 1999; Hendricks et al., 2006; Hughes et al., 1989; Jacobsen et al., 2005; Raybuck and Gould, 2009).”
Background
Life 1 Year After a Quit Attempt: Real-Time Reports of Quitters and Continuing Smokers
Schlam, T. R., Piper, M. E., Cook, J. W., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2012) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-012-9399-9 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“We reasoned that long-term successful quitters versus continuing smokers would experience less intense withdrawal symptoms such as craving because of their diminished tobacco dependence and/or because they no longer experienced the iterative bouts of craving between cigarettes that often occur during ongoing smoking […”
Background
Tobacco demand, delay discounting, and smoking topography among smokers with and without psychopathology
Farris, S. G., Aston, E. R., Abrantes, A. M., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.042 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“This assessment window allowed for the onset of tobacco craving, which can occur within 30 min of not smoking (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
Anhedonia predicts altered processing of happy faces in abstinent cigarette smokers
Leventhal, A. M., Munafo, M. R., Tidey, J. W., Sussman, S. Y., Monterosso, J. R., Sun, P., & Kahler, C. W. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2649-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Furthermore, previous research suggests that withdrawal-related changes in affective withdrawal symptoms do not emerge until at least 60 min of abstinence (Hendricks et al. 2006).”
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Applied to the Dorsolateral and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortices in Smokers Modifies Cognitive Circuits Implicated in the Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome
Fischell, S. A., Ross, T. J., Deng, Z., Salmeron, B. J., & Stein, E. A. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.12.020 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Effects of Smoking Bans on Self‐Assessed Health: Evidence from Germany
Kuehnle, D., & Wunder, C. (2016) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.3310 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Clinical Significance of Early Smoking Withdrawal Effects and Their Relationships With Nicotine Metabolism: Preliminary Results From a Pilot Study
Hendricks, P. S., Delucchi, K., Benowitz, N. L., & Hall, S. M. (2013) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt204 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Procedures for assessing early withdrawal effects followed those of an earlier study (Hendricks et al., 2006).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Systematic Review of Nicotine Exposure’s Effects on Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells
Brooks, A. C., & Henderson, B. J. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11020172 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Possible New Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal II: Anhedonia—A Systematic Review
Hughes, J. R., Klemperer, E. M., & Peasley‐Miklus, C. (2018) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/nty171 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Individual differences in emotion dysregulation and trajectory of withdrawal symptoms during a quit attempt among treatment-seeking smokers
Rogers, A. H., Bakhshaie, J., Garey, L., Piasecki, T. M., Gallagher, M. W., Schmidt, N. B., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.10.007 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Smoking Consequences Questionnaire: Factor structure and predictive validity among Spanish-speaking Latino smokers in the United States
Vidrine, J. I., Vidrine, D. J., Costello, T. J., Mazas, C. A., Cofta-Woerpel, L. M., Mejia, L. M., & Wetter, D. W. (2009) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp128 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Relationship of Varenicline Agonism of α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Nicotine-Induced Dopamine Release in Nicotine-Dependent Humans
McCaul, M. E., Wand, G. S., Kuwabara, H., Dannals, R. F., Wong, D. F., & Xu, X. (2019) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz080 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Possible New Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal III: Reduced Positive Affect—A Review and Meta-analysis
Klemperer, E. M., Hughes, J. R., Peasley‐Miklus, C., CALLAS, P. W., Cook, J. W., Streck, J. M., & Morley, N. E. (2020) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntaa044 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Psychiatric diagnoses among quitters versus continuing smokers 3 years after their quit day
Piper, M. E., Rodock, M., Cook, J. W., Schlam, T. R., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (2012) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.023 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Acute cigarette smoking reduces latencies on a Smoking Stroop test
Canamar, C. P., & London, E. D. (2012) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.01.017 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“…Stroop tasks (Domier et al., 2007; Pomerleau, Teuscher, Goeters, & Pomerleau, 1994), and of assessments of sustained attention in smokers (Hendricks et al., 2006; Wesnes & Warburton, 1983; Hatsukami, Fletcher, Morgan, Keenan, & Amble, 1989; Sacco et al., 2005; Dawkins, Powell, West,…”
Neural correlates of performance monitoring in daily and intermittent smokers
Rass, O., Fridberg, D. J., & O’Donnell, B. F. (2013) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2013.12.001 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“WSWS = Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale revised; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; NDSS = Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale.”
Cortical activity differs during nicotine deprivation versus satiation in heavy smokers
Evans, D. E., Sutton, S. K., Oliver, J. A., et al. (2014) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3821-x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Withdrawal Nicotine-dependent smokers exhibit withdrawal symptoms within 30 min of smoking (Hendricks et al. 2006), including deficits in cognitive control relevant to daily functioning (Evans et al. 2013a; Waters et al. 1998).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Small effects of smoking on visual spatiotemporal processing
Kunchulia, M., Pilz, K. S., & Herzog, M. H. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep07316 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

IMPACT OF AN INPATIENT SMOKING CESSATION PROGRAM PRELIMINARY OUTCOMES
Garrett-Szymanski, K. A., Smith, P. R., McCabe, J., et al. (2005) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.128.4_meetingabstracts.204s-c
Effects of anxiety sensitivity reduction on smoking abstinence: An analysis from a panic prevention program.
Zvolensky, M. J., Garey, L., Allan, N. P., Farris, S. G., Raines, A. M., Smits, J. A. J., Kauffman, B. Y., Manning, K. F., & Schmidt, N. B. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000288 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Severity of Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms after Smoking Cessation
Hesami, Z., Alvanpour, A., Sharif-Kashani, B., Tafti, S. F., & Reza, G. (2016) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Nicotine withdrawal versus other drug withdrawal syndromes: similarities and dissimilarities
HUGHES, J. R., HIGGINS, S. T., & BICKEL, W. K. (1994) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03744.x · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Impact of Nicotine Withdrawal and Postcessation Self-Efficacy on Short-Term Abstinence from Smoking
Armstrong, A. (2014) · doi:10.22215/etd/2014-10416

Authors: Hendricks, P. S., Ditre, J. W., Drobes, D. J., & Brandon, T. H.
Affiliations: University of South Florida (US)
Corresponding author: Hendricks, Peter S.
Brandon, Thomas H.
ORCID: Hendricks, Peter S.
Ditre, Joseph W.
Brandon, Thomas H.
Venue: Psychopharmacology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2006-06-03
Volume: 187
Issue: 3
Pages: 385-396
ISSN: 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
1432-2072
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-006-0429-9
OpenAlex: W2067874550
Cited by: 209
References: 106
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 5.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords: nicotine withdrawal, cigarette smoking, smoking cessation, nicotine dependence, resting heart rate, sustained attention, emotional Stroop task, tobacco dependence treatment
MeSH terms: Adult, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide, Emotions, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The early time course of smoking withdrawal effects

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks