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Cited by 65Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Management and Research

Abnormal glucose tolerance post-gestational diabetes mellitus as defined by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria

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Noctor, Eoin, Crowe, Catherine, Carmody, Louise A, Saunders, Jean A, Kirwan, Breda, O’Dea, Angela, Gillespie, Paddy, Glynn, Liam G +5 more·2016·European Journal of Endocrinology
DOI 10.1530/eje-15-1260
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: An increase in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence has been demonstrated across many countries with adoption of the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria. Here, we determine the cumulative incidence of abnormal glucose tolerance among women with previous GDM, and identify clinical risk factors predicting this. DESIGN: Two hundred and seventy women with previous IADPSG-defined GDM were prospectively followed up for 5years (mean 2.6) post-index pregnancy, and compared with 388 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) in pregnancy. METHODS: Cumulative incidence of abnormal glucose tolerance (using American Diabetes Association criteria for impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes) was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method of survival analysis. Cox regression models were constructed to test for factors predicting abnormal glucose tolerance. RESULTS: Twenty-six percent of women with previous GDM had abnormal glucose tolerance vs 4% with NGT, with the log-rank test demonstrating significantly different survival curves (P<0.001). Women meeting IADPSG, but not the World Health Organization (WHO) 1999 criteria, had a lower cumulative incidence than women meeting both sets of criteria, both in the early post-partum period (4.2% vs 21.7%, P<0.001) and at longer-term follow-up (13.7% vs 32.6%, P<0.001). Predictive factors were glucose levels on the pregnancy oral glucose tolerance test, family history of diabetes, gestational week at testing, and BMI at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of women developing abnormal glucose tolerance remains high among those with IADPSG-defined GDM. This demonstrates the need for continued close follow-up, although the optimal frequency and method needs further study.

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  • GDM is often indicative of underlying β-cell dysfunction, which confers marked increased risk for later development of diabetes, generally but not always type 2 diabetes, in the mother after delivery.

    “GDM is often indicative of underlying b -cell dysfunction (200), which confers marked increased risk for later development of diabetes, generally but not always type 2 diabetes, in the mother after delivery (201,202).”

    From 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [201]

  • GDM is often indicative of underlying beta-cell dysfunction, which confers marked increased risk for later development of glucose intolerance and diabetes in the mother after delivery.

    “GDM is often indicative of underlying b-cell dysfunction (182), which confers marked increased risk for later development of glucose intolerance and diabetes in the mother after delivery (183-185).”

    From 2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes-2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [183]

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Authors
Noctor, E., Crowe, C., Carmody, L. A., Saunders, J. A., Kirwan, B., O’Dea, A., Gillespie, P., Glynn, L. G., McGuire, B. E., O’Neill, C., O’Shea, P. M., Dunne, F. P., & _, _.
Affiliations
  • Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway (IE)
  • University of Limerick (IE)
  • 3Department of General Practice
  • 4School of Business and Economics
  • University Hospital Galway (IE)
Corresponding author
Noctor, Eoin
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Endocrinology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2016-10
Volume
175
Issue
4
Pages
287-297
ISSN
  • 0804-4643 (ISSN-L)
  • 1479-683X
DOI
10.1530/eje-15-1260
OpenAlex
W2469735673
Cited by
65
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7
FWCI
8.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • European Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Galway Research Repository (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Research Repository UCD (University College Dublin) (cc-by-nc)
Funders
Health Research Board ((HRA-DI-2015-1227))
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, postpartum follow-up, IADPSG criteria, impaired fasting glucose, type 2 diabetes risk, cumulative incidence, risk factors, family history of diabetes, body mass index, oral glucose tolerance test
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Glucose, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Incidence, Prevalence, Diabetes, Gestational, Glucose Intolerance, Postpartum Period

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