Cited by 327Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis SyndromeWater Treatment and DisinfectionNeonatal Health and Biochemistry

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Infant Methemoglobinemia: The Role of Dietary Nitrate in Food and Water

Greer, Frank R., Shannon, Michael, the Committee on Nutrition, and the Committee on Environmental Health·2005·Pediatrics

DOI 10.1542/peds.2005-1497

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Abstract

This Clinical Report was retired June 2025.: Infants for whom formula may be prepared with well water remain a high-risk group for nitrate poisoning. This clinical report reinforces the need for testing of well water for nitrate content. There seems to be little or no risk of nitrate poisoning from commercially prepared infant foods in the United States. However, reports of nitrate poisoning from home-prepared vegetable foods for infants continue to occur. Breastfeeding infants are not at risk of methemoglobinemia even when mothers ingest water with very high concentrations of nitrate nitrogen (100 ppm).

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American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Environmental Health. Nitrates and nitrites in water. In: Ezel RA, ed. Pediatric Environmental Health. 2nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2003:301–309

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Authors: Greer, F. R., Shannon, M., the Committee on Nutrition, & and the Committee on Environmental Health
ORCID: Greer, Frank R.
Venue: Pediatrics
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published: 2005-09-01
Volume: 116
Issue: 3
Pages: 784-786
ISSN: 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
1098-4275
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2005-1497
OpenAlex: W2146016173
Cited by: 326
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 4.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
Keywords: nitrate toxicity, dietary nitrate, well water, infant formula, breastfeeding, infant food safety
MeSH terms: Humans, Infant, Infant Food, Methemoglobinemia, Nitrates, Vegetables, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Supply, Infant Formula

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Infant Methemoglobinemia: The Role of Dietary Nitrate in Food and Water

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