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Sleep Duration, Restfulness, and Screens in the Sleep Environment
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Associations of inadequate sleep with numerous health outcomes among youth necessitate identifying its modifiable determinants. Television (TV) has been associated with sleep curtailment, but little is known about small screens (eg, smartphones), which can be used in bed and emit notifications. Therefore, we examined associations of different screens in sleep environments with sleep duration and perceived insufficient rest or sleep. METHODS: Participants included 2048 fourth- and seventh-graders participating in the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study in 2012 to 2013. Using linear and log binomial regression, we examined cross-sectional associations of small screens and TVs in sleep environments and screen time with weekday sleep duration and perceived insufficient rest or sleep in the past week. RESULTS: Children who slept near a small screen (compared with never) reported 20.6 fewer minutes of sleep (95% confidence interval [CI], -29.7 to -11.4) and had a higher prevalence of perceived insufficient rest or sleep (prevalence ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.60). Children who slept in a room with a TV (compared with no TV) reported 18.0 fewer minutes of sleep (95% CI, -27.9 to -8.1). TV or DVD viewing and video or computer game playing were associated with both sleep outcomes (P < .01). Some associations were stronger among Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and older children (P < .05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSIONS: Sleeping near a small screen, sleeping with a TV in the room, and more screen time were associated with shorter sleep durations. Presence of a small screen, but not a TV, in the sleep environment and screen time were associated with perceived insufficient rest or sleep. These findings caution against unrestricted screen access in children's bedrooms.
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“The results of this study indicated that 58% of the participants experienced poor sleep quality, which is higher than the 40% reported in a previous study (51).”
From Relationship of screen time with anxiety, depression, and sleep quality among adolescents: a cross-sectional study (2024) · cites this paper as [51]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Falbe, J., Davison, K. K., Franckle, R. L., Ganter, C., Gortmaker, S. L., Smith, L., Land, T., & Taveras, E. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Departments of Nutrition and
- Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Harvard University (US)
- National Institute for Children’s Health Quality (US)
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Falbe, Jennifer
- ORCID
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2015-02-01
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e367-e375
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- PMC
- PMC4306800
- OpenAlex
- W2167535168
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 12
- FWCI
- 35.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association (#14POST20140055)
- National Institutes of Health
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U18DP003370)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK007703., T32DK007703)
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U18DP003370)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- sleep duration, sleep environment, small displays, smartphones, television viewing, screen time, children, adolescents, Hispanic children, non-Hispanic Black children
- MeSH terms
- Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Motor Activity, Rest, Risk Factors, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Social Environment, Television, Videodisc Recording, Video Games, Cell Phone, Pediatric Obesity
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