Functional consequences of inadequate sleep in adolescents: A systematic review
Abstract
During adolescence, changes in sleep patterns due to biological and environmental factors are well documented. Later bedtimes and inadequate sleep, i.e., short and disrupted sleep patterns, insomnia and daytime sleepiness, have become increasingly common. Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in healthy adolescent development. This review systematically explores descriptive evidence, based on prospective and cross sectional investigations, indicating that inadequate sleep is associated with negative outcomes in several areas of health and functioning, including somatic and psychosocial health, school performance and risk taking behavior. Findings highlight the need for longitudinal investigations aimed at establishing the underpinnings of these associations and for developing and implementing interventions designed to achieve healthier and more balanced sleep patterns in the adolescent population.
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Sufficient sleep is necessary for the cognitive, health, and behavioral factors that support educational success.
“We expect links between school start time delays and academic performance because getting enough sleep is a key input to the cognitive, health, and behavioral factors necessary for educational success.”
From School start time delays and high school educational outcomes: Evidence from the START/LEARN study (2023) · cites this paper as Shochat et al., 2014
Adolescents with insufficient sleep have higher rates of behavior regulation problems, depression, anxiety, and risky behaviors than those with healthy sleep durations.
“Adolescents who do not get enough sleep have higher rates of behavior regulation problems, depression, anxiety, and risky behaviors than adolescents with healthy sleep durations (Beebe, 2011; Shochat et al., 2014), because sleep deprivation changes risk-taking, sensation-seeking, and impulsivity and is linked to poorer emotional processing (Krause et al., 2017).”
From School start time delays and high school educational outcomes: Evidence from the START/LEARN study (2023) · cites this paper as Shochat et al., 2014
Poor sleep health indicators, including insufficient sleep and irregular sleep schedules, are associated with lower attendance at school, lower likelihood of graduating high school or college, and poorer academic performance among adolescents.
“there is clear and conclusive evidence that indicators of poor sleep health, including insufficient sleep and irregular sleep schedules, are associated with lower attendance at school, lower likelihood of graduating high school or college, and poorer academic performance among adolescents [25,30,86,87].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [86]
Lack of sleep is associated with reduced cognitive functioning and adverse effects on emotional and physical health.
“Lack of sleep, which is pervasive, has been associated with reduced cognitive functioning and adverse effects on emotional and physical health.54–56”
From Critical connections: health and academics (2015) · cites this paper as [54]
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Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing
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- Authors
- Shochat, T., Cohen-Zion, M., & Tzischinsky, O.
- Affiliations
- University of Haifa (IL)
- The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Tzischinsky, Orna
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-87
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974975728
- Cited by
- 837
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 15
- FWCI
- 6.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- insufficient sleep, adolescents, sleep patterns, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, adolescent development, physical health, psychosocial health, academic performance, risk-taking, sleep interventions
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Obesity, Risk-Taking, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Wake Disorders, Social Adjustment, Adolescent Development
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