Symptomatic Acute Myocarditis in 7 Adolescents After Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination
Abstract
Trials of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination included limited numbers of children, so they may not have detected rare but important adverse events in this population. We report 7 cases of acute myocarditis or myopericarditis in healthy male adolescents who presented with chest pain all within 4 days after the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination. Five patients had fever around the time of presentation. Acute COVID-19 was ruled out in all 7 cases on the basis of negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test results of specimens obtained by using nasopharyngeal swabs. None of the patients met criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Six of the 7 patients had negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleocapsid antibody assay results, suggesting no previous infection. All patients had an elevated troponin. Cardiac MRI revealed late gadolinium enhancement characteristic of myocarditis. All 7 patients resolved their symptoms rapidly. Three patients were treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs only, and 4 received intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids. In this report, we provide a summary of each adolescent’s clinical course and evaluation. No causal relationship between vaccine administration and myocarditis has been established. Continued monitoring and reporting to the US Food and Drug Administration Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System is strongly recommended.
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Multiple cases of myocarditis after Covid-19 vaccination have recently been reported in the literature.
“multiple cases of myocarditis after Covid-19 vaccination have recently been reported in the literature,21-25”
From Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
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Comparative Safety of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines in a Nationwide Cohort of US Veterans
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Cardiac MRI Findings of Myocarditis After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Adolescents
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Myopericarditis After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Among Adolescents and Young Adults
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Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 vaccines: A review of case-report and case-series studies
Paknahad, M. H., Yancheshmeh, F. B., & Soleimani, A. (2023) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.02.003 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Myocarditis associated with COVID-19 and its vaccines - a systematic review
Rout, A., Suri, S. S., Vorla, M., & Kalra, D. K. (2022) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2022.10.004 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Panaro, S., & Cattalini, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.747190 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Case report: acute myocarditis following the second dose of mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Tailor, P. D., Feighery, A. M., El-Sabawi, B. R., & Prasad, A. (2021) · European Heart Journal - Case Reports · doi:10.1093/ehjcr/ytab319 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cardiac Imaging of Acute Myocarditis Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination
Kim, I., Kim, H., Lee, H. J., Kim, J. Y., & Kim, J. Y. (2021) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e229 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Enhanced safety surveillance study of ACAM2000 smallpox vaccine among US military service members
Decker, M. D., Garman, P. M., Hughes, H., Yacovone, M. A., Collins, L., Fegley, C. D., Lin, G., DiPietro, G., & Gordon, D. M. (2021) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.041 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A review of COVID-19 vaccination and the reported cardiac manifestations
Ho, J. S. Y., Sia, C., Ngiam, J. N., Loh, P. H., Chew, N., Kong, W. K. F., & Poh, K. K. (2021) · Singapore Medical Journal · doi:10.11622/smedj.2021210 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
COVID-19-Vaccination-Induced Myocarditis in Teenagers: Case Series with Further Follow-Up
Puchalski, M., Kamińska, H., Bartoszek, M., Brzewski, M., & Werner, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19063456 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Ilonze, O. J., & Guglin, M. E. (2022) · Heart Failure Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10741-022-10243-9 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cardiac Complications Associated with COVID-19, MIS-C, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
Chin, S. E., Bhavsar, S. M., Corson, A., Ghersin, Z. J., & Kim, H. S. (2022) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-022-02851-x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
COVID-19 and Myocarditis: Review of Clinical Presentations, Pathogenesis and Management
Lovell, J. P., Division of Cardiology, D. O. M., Čiháková, D., Department of Pathology, J. H. U. O. M., W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, J. H. U. B. S. O. P. H., Gilotra, N. A., & Division of Cardiology, D. O. M. (2022) · Heart International · doi:10.17925/hi.2022.16.1.20 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System
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Myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination: incidence, mechanisms, and clinical considerations
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Alkhalifah, M. I., Alsobki, H. E., Alwael, H. M., Fawaz, A. M. A., & Al‐Mezaine, H. S. (2021) · Ocular Immunology and Inflammation · doi:10.1080/09273948.2021.1986548 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Children are the key to the Endgame: A case for routine pediatric COVID vaccination
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Unusual Presentation of Acute Perimyocarditis Following SARS-COV-2 mRNA-1237 Moderna Vaccination
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Benefit-risk assessment of COVID-19 vaccine, mRNA (Comirnaty) for age 16–29 years
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Parents' perceptions on COVID-19 vaccination as the new routine for their children ≤ 11 years old
Humble, R. M., Sell, H., Wilson, S. E., Sadarangani, M., Bettinger, J. A., Meyer, S. B., Dubé, È., Lemaire‐Paquette, S., Gagneur, A., & MacDonald, S. E. (2022) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107125 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review (October 2020–October 2021)
Lee, S. Y. A., Balakrishnan, I. D., Khoo, C. Y., Ng, C. T., Loh, J. K., Chan, L. L., Teo, L. L., & Sim, D. K. L. (2022) · Heart Lung and Circulation · doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2022.02.002 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Myocarditis following mRNA Covid-19 vaccination: A pooled analysis
Bellos, I., Karageorgiou, V., & Viskin, D. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.017 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
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Myocarditis post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a systematic review
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Myocarditis after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series
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COVID 19 Vaccine for Adolescents. Concern about Myocarditis and Pericarditis
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Incidence of Myopericarditis and Myocardial Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccinated Subjects
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Exacerbation of branch retinal vein occlusion post SARS-CoV2 vaccination
Tanaka, H., Nagasato, D., Nakakura, S., Tanabe, H., Nagasawa, T., Wakuda, H., Imada, Y., Mitamura, Y., & Tabuchi, H. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000028236 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Marshall, M., Ferguson, I. D., Lewis, P., Jaggi, P., Gagliardo, C., Collins, J. S., Shaughnessy, R., Caron, R., Fuss, C., Corbin, K. J. E., Emuren, L., Faherty, E., Hall, E. K., Di Pentima, C., Oster, M. E., Paintsil, E., Siddiqui, S., Timchak, D. M., & Guzman-Cottrill, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Thomas Jefferson University (US)
- Spectrum Health (US)
- dGoryeb Children’s Hospital, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, New Jersey
- Goryeb Children's Hospital (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- aDepartment of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2021-09-01
- Volume
- 148
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W3165142255
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 163 · 2021: 107
- FWCI
- 57.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Keywords
- acute myocarditis, myopericarditis, COVID-19 vaccination, BNT162b2, adolescents, vaccine adverse events, late gadolinium enhancement, cardiac MRI, troponin elevation, intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, vaccine safety
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins, COVID-19 Vaccines, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing, BNT162 Vaccine, Acute Disease, Adolescent, Gadolinium, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Myocarditis, Phosphoproteins, Time Factors, Troponin, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Young Adult
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