A pilot study of a group mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for smartphone addiction among university students
Open accessAbstract
Background and aims: Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) has been applied in behavioral addiction studies in recent years. However, few empirical studies using MBI have been conducted for smartphone addiction, which is prevalent among Chinese university students. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a group mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral intervention (GMCI) on smartphone addiction in a sample of Chinese university students. Methods: Students with smartphone addiction were divided into a control group (n = 29) and an intervention group (n = 41). The students in the intervention group received an 8-week GMCI. Smartphone addiction was evaluated using scores from the Mobile Phone Internet Addiction Scale (MPIAS) and self-reported smartphone use time, which were measured at the baseline (1st week, T1), post-intervention (8th week, T2), the first follow-up (14th week, T3), and the second follow-up (20th week, T4). Results: Twenty-seven students in each group completed the intervention and the follow-up. Smartphone use time and MPIAS scores significantly decreased from T1 to T3 in the intervention group. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had significantly less smartphone use time at T2, T3, and T4 and significantly lower MPIAS scores at T3. Discussion and conclusion: This pilot study demonstrated that the GMCI could significantly alleviate smartphone addiction among university students.
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Very few smartphone-based mindfulness interventions have been tested among college athletes.
“However, while smartphone-based MBIs have been assessed among the adult population [15,16] as well as university students [17], very few such interventions have been tested among college athletes.”
From Mobile-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Anxiety Level Among College Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [17]
The Methods (Participants and Program description) show that the paper tested a mindfulness-based intervention among university students. But the intervention was a group program addressing smartphone addiction, not a mindfulness intervention delivered by smartphone. Citation [17] is attached to the university-student example, not the separate claim about college athletes. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured8 weeks of cognitive behavioral intervention (static meditation) significantly reduced smartphone addiction among university students.
“Lan et al found that 8 weeks of cognitive behavioral intervention (static meditation) significantly reduced smartphone addiction among university students [17].”
From Comparative effectiveness of mind-body exercise versus cognitive behavioral therapy for college students with problematic smartphone use: A randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
The Methods describe an eight-week group mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for university students, with mindfulness meditation integrated into its last five sessions—not a static-meditation-only intervention. The Results report significantly lower smartphone-addiction scores at the 14-week follow-up, but not a significant reduction in those scores immediately after the eight-week program. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Lan, Y., Ding, J.-E., Li, W., Li, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, M., & Fu, H.
- Affiliations
- Fudan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Jiang
- Venue
- Journal of Behavioral Addictions
- Publisher
- Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
- Published
- 2018-11-12
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1171-1176
- ISSN
- 2062-5871 (ISSN-L)
- 2063-5303
- PMC
- PMC6376383
- OpenAlex
- W2900856030
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 23.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Journal of Behavioral Addictions (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- smartphone addiction, group intervention, university students, behavioral addiction, smartphone use time, Chinese students
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Students, Time Factors, Universities, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavior, Addictive, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Mindfulness
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