Effectiveness and satisfaction of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children on anxiety, depression, and internet addiction in adolescents: Study protocol for a randomized control trial
Open accessAbstract
Adolescents with Internet addiction (IA) frequently encounter elevated levels of anxiety and depression, which subsequently results in the perpetuation of their addiction behaviors. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children (MBCT-C) is an adapted version of traditional MBCT that targets emotional problems in children. The present study aimed to provide a framework for the implementation of a clinical trial for its effectiveness in reducing anxiety, depression, and IA in adolescents with IA. This study protocol proposes a randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms (MBCT-C versus active control). Eighty Iranian adolescents (Persian ethnicity; males and females; 12 to 15 years) diagnosed with IA will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (12 sessions of MBCT-C group therapy) or the control group (12 life skills training sessions). Pre-intervention, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up assessments will be conducted using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-Adolescents (MAAS-A), Mindfulness Program Satisfaction Questioner (MPSQ), Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Children (STAI-C), MBCT-C Adherence Scale (MBCT-C-AS), and Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Data will be analyzed using mixed regression model using STATA-18 to assess the effectiveness of MBCT-C. The current study has the potential to make a significant contribution to evaluate the effectiveness of MBCT-C to address IA, anxiety, and depression in adolescents with IA.
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Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in helping users recognize and address their emotional triggers, leading to more sustainable reductions in compulsive use.
“In contrast, mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in helping users recognize and address their emotional triggers, leading to more sustainable reductions in compulsive use (Bakhtiari et al. 2025;Chang et al. 2023).”
From The Scrolling Paradox: Analyzing Instagram Addiction Patterns in The Digital Age (2025) · cites this paper as Bakhtiari et al. 2025
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Hashemi, Y., Zarani, F., Heidari, M., Borhani, K., & Shakiba, S. (2021) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.22122/ahj.v13i2.289 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Afshari, R., Kaveh, M. H., Lankarani, K. B., Doolub, D., Jaafari, N., & Ostovarfar, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.894483 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mojtaba, H., Ghanbari, N., Khodaei, E., & Parasto, G. (2013) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Yazdel, R. B., Jamali, E., Khodaei, E., & Habibi, M. (2016) · Higher Education Letter · Cited by 3 · see citing works
حبیبی, م., قنبری, ن., خدايي, ا., & قنبري, پ. (2013) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 112 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
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Kholghi, H., Habibi, M., Abolmaali, K., Dehghani, F., & Semple, R. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1459434 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Scrolling Paradox: Analyzing Instagram Addiction Patterns in The Digital Age
Balcıoğlu, Y. S., Bayraktar, Ü., & Güven, E. (2025) · İmgelem · doi:10.53791/imgelem.1685011 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lv, Z., Li, C., Zhang, J., & He, J. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15070896 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sharma, N. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.113441 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Abbas, Q., Iftekhar, I., Riaz, A., Kareem, A., Maryam, R., Tabassum, U., Abu-AlKhair, F., & Aljhani, S. (2026) · Discover Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s44192-026-00430-7
Jamali, S., Rahimian-Boogar, I., & Habibi, M. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0354802
- Authors
- Bakhtiari, M., Habibi Asgarabad, M., Dehghani, F., Alhosseini, K. A., & Semple, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Islamic Azad University, Tehran (IR)
- Yazd University (IR)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2025-04-09
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e0317824
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4409312329
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5
- FWCI
- 9.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- internet addiction, adolescents, anxiety, depression, group therapy, medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, life skills training
- MeSH terms
- Internet Addiction Disorder, Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Depression, Female, Humans, Iran, Male, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavior, Addictive, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Mindfulness, Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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