The DOI matches its Crossref record; 116 of the 116 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cannabidiol: from an inactive cannabinoid to a drug with wide spectrum of action
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to describe the historical development of research on cannabidiol. METHOD: This review was carried out on reports drawn from Medline, Web of Science and SciELO. DISCUSSION: After the elucidation of the chemical structure of cannabidiol in 1963, the initial studies showed that cannabidiol was unable to mimic the effects of Cannabis. In the 1970's the number of publications on cannabidiol reached a first peak, having the research focused mainly on the interaction with delta9-THC and its antiepileptic and sedative effects. The following two decades showed lower degree of interest, and the potential therapeutic properties of cannabidiol investigated were mainly the anxiolytic, antipsychotic and on motor diseases effects. The last five years have shown a remarkable increase in publications on cannabidiol mainly stimulated by the discovery of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects. These studies have suggested a wide range of possible therapeutic effects of cannabidiol on several conditions, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory diseases, nausea and cancer. CONCLUSION: In the last 45 years it has been possible to demonstrate that CBD has a wide range of pharmacological effects, many of which being of great therapeutic interest, but still waiting to be confirmed by clinical trials.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In conclusion, the experimental and clinical use of CBD, a compound that does not produce the typical subjective effects of marijuana induced by Δ9-THC, has clearly shown anxiolytic, antiepileptic, and antipsychotic properties, among other effects (2).”
From Translational investigation of the therapeutic potential of Cannabidiol (CBD): Toward a new age (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In animal studies, CBD has similar effects to anxiolytic drugs in different paradigms including conditioned emotional response, the Vogel conflict test, and the elevated plus-maze test (Zuardi, 2008).”
From Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients (2011) · cites this paper as Zuardi, 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“cannabidiol (CBD), one major non-psychotomimetic compound of the plant, has psychological effects substantially different from those of 9-THC (Zuardi, 2008).”
From Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients (2011) · cites this paper as Zuardi, 2008
In the citing paper
“These studies indicated that CBD had pharmacological effects of its own, which have been investigated since then and led to the current view that CBD actually has a broad spectrum of action (2).”
From Translational investigation of the therapeutic potential of Cannabidiol (CBD): Toward a new age (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“One of the most commonly observed effects of CBD at higher doses is sedation (2).”
From Translational investigation of the therapeutic potential of Cannabidiol (CBD): Toward a new age (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Krystal, J. H. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950030035004 · Cited by 3,330
Isolation, Structure, and Partial Synthesis of an Active Constituent of Hashish
Gaoni, Y., & Mechoulam, R. (1964) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01062a046 · Cited by 2,389
Pertwee, R. G. (2007) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707442 · Cited by 2,047
The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor
Ryberg, E., Larsson, N., Sjögren, S., Hjorth, S., Hermansson, N., Leonova, J., Elebring, T., Nilsson, K., Drmota, T., & Greasley, P. J. (2007) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707460 · Cited by 1,568
Bisogno, T., Hanuš, L., PETROCELLIS, L. D., Tchilibon, S., Ponde, D. E., Brandi, I., Moriello, A. S., Davis, J. B., Mechoulam, R., & Marzo, V. D. (2001) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704327 · Cited by 1,315
Agonistic properties of cannabidiol at 5-HT1a receptors
Russo, E. B., Burnett, A., Hall, B., & Parker, K. K. (2005) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-005-6978-1 · Cited by 878
BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN A PATIENT WITH THE WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME
Bach, F. H., Albertini, R., Joo, P., Anderson, J., & Bortin, M. M. (1968) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(68)92672-x · Cited by 867
Cannabidiol and (−)Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants
Hampson, A. J., Grimaldi, M., Axelrod, J., & Wink, D. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.14.8268 · Cited by 850
Thomas, A., Baillie, G. L., Phillips, A. M., Razdan, R. K., Ross, R. A., & Pertwee, R. G. (2007) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707133 · Cited by 763
Malfait, A. M., Gallily, R., Sumariwalla, P. F., Malik, A. S., Andreakos, E., Mechoulam, R., & Feldmann, M. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.160105897 · Cited by 669
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Clarke CR, 2002, Botany of natural Cannabis medicines, 3
- Mechoulam R, 1963, Hashish: 1. Structure of Cannabidiol, Tetrahedron, 19, 2073
- Zuardi AW, 1984, Interação farmacológica entre delta - 9 - THC e CBD, dos constituintes activos da cannabis sativa, Ciência e Cultura, 36, 386
- Musty RE, 1984, Anxiolytic properties of cannabidiol, 713
- Zuardi AW, 2002, Cannabidiol: possible therapeutic application, 359
- Leweke F, 2007, Double blind, controlled clinical trial of cannabidiol monotherapy versus amisulpiride in the treatment of acutely psychotic schizophrenia patients, Schizophr Bull, 33, 310
- Sandyk R, 1988, Preliminary trial of cannabidiol in Hantington's disease, 157
- Martin BR, 1999, Discovery and characterization of endogenous cannabinoids, Life Sci, 65, 573, 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00281-7 · DOI
- Zuardi AW, 2008, Cannabidiol for the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease: possible mechanisms of actions, J Psychopharmacology
- Pertwee RG, 2004, The pharmacology and therapeutic potential of cannabidiol, 32
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 422
Karakash, W. J., Bolia, I. K., Levian, B. A., Chu, T. N., Kim, D. R., Fathi, A., Liu, J. N., Petrigliano, F. A., & Weber, A. E. (2025) · Orthopedics · doi:10.3928/01477447-20250114-02 · Cited by 4
A universal cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor TR-FRET kinetic ligand-binding assay
Roman, L. B., Hoare, B. L., Kosar, M., Sarott, R. C., Patej, K. J., Bouma, J., Scott-Dennis, M., Koers, E. J., Gazzi, T., Mach, L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1469986 · Cited by 4
“Phytocannabinoids, such as extracts of the plant Cannabis sativa , have been used in traditional medicine for millennia (Zuardi, 2006; Zuardi, 2008).”
Altıntop, İ., & Karakükçü, Ç. (2018) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs8100088 · Cited by 4
Lavoshnyk, O., & Шаповалов, В. В. (2025) · SSP Modern Pharmacy and Medicine · doi:10.53933/e3jtzz27 · Cited by 5
SANTOS, R. G. D., Hallak, J. E. C., Zuardi, A. W., Crippa, A. C. D. S., & Crippa, J. A. S. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800756-3.00094-6 · Cited by 4
Historical perspective on the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol
Guimarães, F. S. (2024) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2024.03.008 · Cited by 4
Cannabinoids: Drug or Medication?
Giron, L., & Befort, K. (2016) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/63172 · Cited by 4
“Finally, other pathological situations, such as neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson and Alzheimer), cerebral ischemia, diabetes, nausea, rheumatoid arthritis, or other inflammatory problems could be treated with CBD [223, 224].”
BackgroundUSE OF CANNABIDIOL PRODUCTS BY PET OWNERS IN SLOVENIA: A SURVEY-BASED STUDY
Milevoj, N., Tozon, N., & Tomsič, K. (2022) · Slovenian Veterinary Research · doi:10.26873/svr-1294-2022 · Cited by 3
“is the most promising non-psychoactive cannabinoid, with many beneficial effects attributed to it (8, 9).”
BackgroundHow Psychoactive Drugs and the Circadian Clock Are Enlightening One Another
Engmann, O. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81147-1_8 · Cited by 3
Jalali, S. (2013) · International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal · doi:10.9734/indj/2013/6192 · Cited by 3
“It’s possible that CBD’s potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant/neuroprotective action (detailed subsequently) is involved in its ostensible antipsychotic pharmacology, for it is thought that the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective pharmacology of minocycline- a new broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used as…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe Medicalization of Cannabis
Crowther, S. M., Reynolds, L., & Em, T. (2010) · Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) · Cited by 3
Flores, L. E., & Zamin, L. L. (2017) · Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas · doi:10.9771/cmbio.v16i2.20568 · Cited by 3
[Signaling mechanisms involved in resolution of inflammation].
Cervantes‐Villagrana, R. D., Cervantes-Villagrana, A. R., & Presno-Bernal, J. M. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 3
Sueur, C. (2018) · Psychotropes · doi:10.3917/psyt.233.0125 · Cited by 5
Cannabis-Microbiome Interactions in Varied Clinical Contexts: A Comprehensive Systematic ReviewPreprint
Thu, M. S., Ondee, T., Hall, S. R., Nopsopon, T., Jagota, A., Hirankarn, N., Fothergill, J. L., Campbell, B. J., & Pongpirul, K. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.12.31.22284080 · Cited by 3
Cannabidiol treatment changes myocardial lipid profile in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Harasim‐Symbor, E., Bielawiec, P., Pędzińska‐Betiuk, A., Weresa, J., Malinowska, B., Konstantynowicz-Nowicka, K., & Chabowski, A. (2023) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.007 · Cited by 2
Repeated administration of cannabidiol decreases splenic lymphocyte subset numbers in rats
Turkki, T., Jankowski, M. M., Glac, W., Badtke, P., Saito, V. M., Swiergiel, A. H., & Ignatowska-Jankowska, B. M. (2026) · International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/03946320251411441 · Cited by 2
“8–10 Like many other cannabinoids, CBD produces analgesic, antiemetic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effects, 8,9 and because of its low toxicity in humans, 11–13 it has been proven to have wide therapeutic applications.”
Puttharaksa, W., Charoensook, R., Tungtrakanpoung, R., Hoidokhom, N., Rungchang, S., Brenig, B., & Numthuam, S. (2025) · Veterinary Sciences · doi:10.3390/vetsci12040342 · Cited by 2
DEVELOPING NEW MEDICINES FROM CANNABIS SATIVA: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Moreira, F. A., Viana, T. G., de Almeida, A. F. C. S., Vilela, L., & Gobira, P. H. (2011) · Brasília Médica · doi:10.14242/2236-5117.2013v48n3a206p277 · Cited by 2
Diabetes and Cannabis: Myth or Reality
Albarracin, M. L. G., & Chaparro, P. (2018) · Cardiology & Vascular Research · doi:10.33425/2639-8486.1008 · Cited by 2
“It has also been suggested that CBD has significant therapeutic benefits against other diabetic complications and atherosclerosis, since it attenuated several effects of high glucose, including the disruption of the endothelial function [55,56].”
BackgroundO uso de canabinoides no tratamento da ansiedade
Zanellati, D., & Rodríguez, V. (2021) · Revista Brasileira Militar de Ciências · doi:10.36414/rbmc.v7i18.97 · Cited by 2
“Além de apresentar ação terapêutica sobre Doença de Alzheimer, Doença de Parkinson, isquemias cerebrais, diabetes, artrite reumatoide, outras doenças inflamatórias, náuseas, câncer e distúrbios de ansiedade (27).”
Raba konoplje v medicinske namene
Čulić, A., Bregar, B., & Macur, M. (2021) · Slovenian Nursing Review · doi:10.14528/snr.2021.55.4.3063 · Cited by 1
“Število objav o CBD-ju (Zuardi, 2008) je doseglo prvi vrh v sedemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja, pri čemer so bile raziskave osredotočene predvsem na THC in njegove antiepileptične in sedativne učinke (Jacobson & Porter, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialÖzenver, N. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8822-5_7 · Cited by 2
Therapeutic Uses of Medical Cannabis: An Overview of its Functions in Disease Management
Kayode, A. A. A., Adrish, S., Muhammad, A., Amin, R., Muhammad, D., Rida, Z., Alabi, G. O., Okumede, G. F., & Kayode, O. T. (2023) · Journal of Medical Sciences(Faisalabad) · doi:10.3923/jms.2023.32.39 · Cited by 2
Top Cited Session: the best of RBP
Quevedo, J., & Nardi, A. E. (2018) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2018-4003 · Cited by 2
A study of GPR3, GPR6, of GPR12 as novel molecular targets for cannabidiol.
Laun, A. S. (2018) · doi:10.18297/etd/2945 · Cited by 2
Vuong, S. (2020) · HARVEST (University of Saskatchewan) · Cited by 2
Cannabinoids as Promising Anti-inflammatory Agent
Banjare, N., Bhale, B. S., & Gupta, P. N. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5917-4_5 · Cited by 1
Muchacka, R. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-31097-9 · Cited by 1
“Further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action and long-term health implications 13 .”
O’Brien, K., & Bosak, C. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-01737-6_7 · Cited by 1
Cannabinoid Therapies in Less-Common Disorders: Clinical Evidence and Formulation Strategies
Afonso, S., Gonçalves, J., Brinca, A. T., Rosendo, L. M., Rosado, T., Duarte, A. P., & Gallardo, E. (2026) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases14020083 · Cited by 2
“Another relevant mechanism is the action of CBD in decreasing adenosine reuptake [37].”
InfluentialCannabidiol and epilepsy: therapeutic, mechanistic and clinical significance
Gupta, N., Maan, P., Shrivastava, J., & Ansari, M. H. R. (2026) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2026.06.014 · Cited by 2
Fernández, A., Wharton, A. A., Cosenza, L. P., Franchi, M. L., Mentasti, L., Scandura, I., & Barreto, G. P. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-8064-4_12 · Cited by 1
Varga, I., Andraković, M., Crljić, P., Đaković, M., Antunović, M., Kojić, M. T., & Agić, D. (2026) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants15182888 · Cited by 1
“Industrial hemp is an important raw material for the production of cannabidiol (CBD), one of ab125 identified cannabinoids in hemp plants, which are being investigated for their potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of chronic pain, anxiety, epilepsy and inflammatory conditions [117,118].”
Cannabidiol: de nieuwe haarlemmerolie of een hype?
Niesink, R. J. M., & van Laar, M. (2012) · Verslaving · doi:10.1007/s12501-012-0020-5 · Cited by 1
Cannabis and Hallucinations: Studies in Human Subjects
Allen, P., & Winton‐Brown, T. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4121-2_15 · Cited by 1
The Ecology of Wild Cannabis sativa
Small, E. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315367583-12 · Cited by 1
Beneficial Effects of Cannabis and Related Compounds on Sleep
Linares, I. M. P., Crippa, J. A. S., & Chagas, M. H. N. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800756-3.00106-x · Cited by 1
Cannabis Chemistry: Cannabinoids in Cannabis, Humans, and Other Species
Small, E. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315367583-20 · Cited by 1
Charrette, A., Akingbasote, J. A., Guthrie, N., & Hilmas, C. J. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821038-3.00039-2 · Cited by 1
Milfortová, L. (2010) · Kontakt · doi:10.32725/kont.2010.047 · Cited by 1
Pharmacokinetics and Cognitive Side Effcets of Cannabidiol In Adult Patients
Mote, M. A. N., Bhise, M. P. B., Chavan, M. R. D., Patil, M. P. P., & Kengar, M. D. (2022) · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · doi:10.48175/ijarsct-7676 · Cited by 1
Mohan, H. (2022) · Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Journal · doi:10.21801/ppcrj.2022.83.7 · Cited by 1
Cannabidiol in the context of sleeping disorders-induced oxidative stress
Jîtcă, G., Ősz, B. E., Rusz, C.-M., Puşcaş, A., Tero-Vescan, A., Bătrînu, M.-G., & Ștefănescu, R. (2022) · Acta Marisiensis. Seria Medica · doi:10.2478/amma-2022-0023 · Cited by 1
Impacto da administração crônica de canabidiol em ratos
Oliveira, K. C., de Azevedo, J. E. G., de Castro-da-Silva, M. L. R., Ravazoli, I., de Castro, R. N., Tribuiani, N., Orsi, V. D. C., Pereira, D. A. A., Almeida, R. M. D., & Oshima‐Franco, Y. (2023) · Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales · doi:10.55905/revconv.16n.9-094 · Cited by 1
Ashfaq, M., Arsalan, H. M., Yasin, S., Arif, A., Mumtaz, H., & Beksultan, K. U. (2023) · doi:10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.3073 · Cited by 1
Cannabis use, oral dysbiosis, and neurological disorders
Hazzard, A. A., McCrorey, M. K., Salman, T., Johnson, D. E., Luo, Z., Fu, X., Keegan, A. P., Benitez, A. M., Fitting, S., & Jiang, W. (2024) · NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1515/nipt-2024-0012 · Cited by 1
“CBD has well-known anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties [14].”
Wachowiak, R., Krawczyński, M., & Steinborn, B. (2016) · Child Neurology · doi:10.20966/chn.2016.51.386 · Cited by 1
“Kolejne spostrzeżenia wskazywały na jego działanie przeciwzapalne i neuroprotekcyjne [29].”
BackgroundTherapeutic potential of cannabidiol and its underlying mechanisms
Watanabe, M., Hayasaki, H., Yurugi, Y., & Watanabe, K. (2018) · Journal of allied health sciences · doi:10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.9.112 · Cited by 1
PERCEPTION OF HARM AND BENEFITS OF CANNABIS USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS FROM LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBE
Conceição, M. I. G., Reyes, M. F., Henríquez, P., Modeste, N., Wynter, J., Gray‐Phillip, G., Tavarez, G. G., Husaini, D. C., Morgado, M., Rivera-Fierro, K., et al. (2019) · Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1980-265x-tce-cicad-12-24 · Cited by 1
From Bud to Brain: A Psychiatrist's View of Marijuana
Cermak, T. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108653428 · Cited by 1
Therapeutic Uses of Medical Cannabis: An Overview of its Functions in Disease Management
Kayode, A. A. A., Adrish, S., Muhammad, A., Amin, R., Muhammad, D., Rida, Z., Alabi, G. O., Okumede, G. F., & Kayode, O. T. (2023) · Journal of Medical Sciences(Faisalabad) · doi:10.3923/jms.2023.24.31 · Cited by 1
THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CANNABIDIOL: THE MOST IMPORTANT ACHIEVEMENTS ON THE WAY TO A NEW ERA
Shevchuk, M. M., & Volos, L. I. (2023) · Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) · doi:10.32345/2664-4738.2.2023.17 · Cited by 5
Bunman, S., Muengtaweepongsa, S., Piyayotai, D., Charlermroj, R., Phuengwas, S., Makornwattana, M., Kanjana, K., & Kim, S.-H. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2151741/v1 · Cited by 1
Pharmacological actions and associated therapeutic levels of phytocannabinoids Addendum 2021
Arnold, J. C., Allsop, D., Lintzeris, N., & McGregor, I. S. (2016) · doi:10.57022/ovds2305 · Cited by 1
Avaliação do efeito neuroprotetor do canabidiol em mitocôndrias isolados de córtex cerebral de rato
Simões, A. C. V. (2011) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.60.2011.tde-29062011-202616
Ribeiro, A. (2012) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.10.2012.tde-01102012-162516
Cannabis Responsive Head Injury Induced Mutiple Disabilities: A Case Report
Sharma, M. (2012) · Pharmacology & Pharmacy · doi:10.4236/pp.2012.31009
Sonego, A. B., Gomes, F. V., Bel, E. A. D., & Guimarães, F. S. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70359-1
“[1] Viana, G.”
BackgroundCannabis et cannabinoïdes en médecine
Girault, L. (2009) · Actualités Pharmaceutiques · doi:10.1016/s0515-3700(09)70463-x
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
de Mello, A. R., Ribeiro, N. P. D. O., de Oliveira, A. C., Hallak, J. E. C., Hallak, C., Alexandre, J., Crippa, S. V., Nardi, A. E., & Zuardi, A. W. (2012)
Fagherazzi, E. V. (2011) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Gomes, F. V. (2016) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2016.tde-05012016-224242
Vuolo, F. S. (2013) · Americanae (AECID Library)
Ross, J. B. D. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2017.tde-12012017-145100
da Silva, N. R. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2017.tde-22082017-144713
Joseph, B., Cushing, D., & Shastri, R. (2018) · doi:10.31013/1002b
“___________________________________________________________________________________________________ In recent years, there has been a great surge in scientific research involving the Phytocannabinoid Cannabidiol (CBD) (Burstein, 2015; Zuardi, 2008).”
BackgroundJoseph, B., & Cushing, D. (2018) · doi:10.31013/2002c
“Despite hundreds of scientific articles written about CBD in recent times (Burstein, 2015; Zuardi, 2008), published displacement values (Ki) for the CBD/CB2 interaction continue to vary substantially.”
BackgroundThe legalization of marijuana: Scientific, legal and ethical dilemmas
Pajić, F. (2018) · Pravo - teorija i praksa · doi:10.5937/ptp1806073p
Mecanismos envolvidos no perfil antipsicótico do canabidiol
Pedrazzi, J. F. C. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2019.tde-30042019-163956
Cannabis in Palliative Medicine
Saint-Preux, F., Arora, A., Moriyama, D., Kim, E., & Kim, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45968-0_13
Mahmoud, M. M. (2015) · OpenCommons at University of Connecticut (University of Connecticut)
Zamarrenho, L. G. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2020.tde-23082020-104553
Bolsoni, L. M. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2020.tde-02122020-112250
dos Santos, A. H. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2020.tde-04012021-103831 · Cited by 1
Cermak, T. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108653428.012
Cannabis Use Disorder amongst Psychiatric Patients at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital.
Mashabane, I. A., Rataemane, S. P., & Sefala, G. S. (2018)
Rossi, G. N. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2020.tde-08022021-150020
The Science and Art of Healing
Cermak, T. L. (2020)
da Silva, N. R. (2021) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2021.tde-05112021-105109
Therapeutischer Einsatz von Cannabis bei Störungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis
Kuhn, J., Leopold, K., Janetzky, W., & Wietfeld, R. (2022) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/a-1651-9979
Loewy, D. H., Poceta, J. S., & Dawson, A. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822963-7.00342-x
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre cannabis, 1950-2015
Menestrina, B. (2018) · Universidad Nacional de Lanús. Maestría en Epidemiología, Gestión y Políticas de Salud eBooks · doi:10.18294/rdi.2019.175610
(2011) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.11.144
How a Component of Marijuana Can Be Used to Treat Epilepsy
Santos, A. D. C., de Andrade, A. C. M. M., Melo, E. M., Martins, F. R. B., Gurgel, I. L. D. S., Zenóbio, I. C., Fontis, J. P., de Souza, L. T., Guimarães, M. L. R., Malacco, N. L. S. D. O., et al. (2022) · Frontiers for Young Minds · doi:10.3389/frym.2022.817939
“eases symptoms of other brain diseases, such as epilepsy [4].”
BackgroundInfluentialMuniz, J. C. L. P. (2023) · Health and Society · doi:10.51249/hs.v3i01.1199
Metadata
- Authors
- Zuardi, A. W.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
- Venue
- Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
- Publisher
- EDITORA SCIENTIFIC
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 271-280
- ISSN
- 1516-4446 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038532706
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 13.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (publishedVersion)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Nigella sativa pharmacological applications
- Keywords
- cannabidiol, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, antiepileptic effect, anxiolytic effects, antipsychotic effects, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, nausea, therapeutic potential
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antiemetics, Antineoplastic Agents, Antioxidants, Mental Disorders, Cannabidiol, Cannabis, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Neuroprotective Agents, Biomedical Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
