Dental caries experience, oral health status and treatment needs of dental patients with autism
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The aims of this study were to investigate whether children with autism have higher caries prevalence, higher periodontal problems, or more treatment needs than children of a control group of non-autistic patients, and to provide baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services to autistic children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 61 patients with autism aged 6-16 years (45 males and 16 females) attending Dubai and Sharjah Autism Centers were selected for the study. The control group consisted of 61 non-autistic patients chosen from relatives or friends of autistic patients in an attempt to have matched age, sex and socioeconomic status. Each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination, assessment of caries prevalence, and caries severity. Other conditions assessed were dental plaque, gingivitis, restorations and treatment needs. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test of significance were used to compare groups. RESULTS: The autism group had a male-to-female ratio of 2.8:1. Compared to controls, children with autism had significantly higher decayed, missing or filled teeth than unaffected patients and significantly needed more restorative dental treatment. The restorative index (RI) and Met Need Index (MNI) for the autistic children were 0.02 and 0.3, respectively. The majority of the autistic children either having poor 59.0% (36/61) or fair 37.8% (23/61) oral hygiene compared with healthy control subjects. Likewise, 97.0% (59/61) of the autistic children had gingivitis. CONCLUSIONS: Children with autism exhibited a higher caries prevalence, poor oral hygiene and extensive unmet needs for dental treatment than non-autistic healthy control group. Thus oral health program that emphasizes prevention should be considered of particular importance for children and young people with autism.
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Age selection starting at six was due to development of motor ability at this age, allowing good grip on the dental brush during brushing.
“The age selection starting at six was due to the development of the motor ability of children at this age, where they can have a good grip on the dental brush during brushing”
From Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids Effect on Behavior Management during Dental Visits in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
The Subjects’ Selection section sets the minimum age at six, and the Discussion links manual dexterity to toothbrushing. Neither section says that motor development or a good grip on a toothbrush was the reason for choosing that age; the Discussion instead notes that some autistic children lacked the dexterity needed for adequate brushing. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEnding the age range at 12 minimizes the possibility of puberty hormones negatively interfering with behavioral patterns.
“and ending at 12 to minimize the possibility of puberty hormones negatively interfering with their behavioral patterns. 30,31”
From Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids Effect on Behavior Management during Dental Visits in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
The Methods (Subjects’ Selection; page unavailable) specify an age range of 6–16, but give no rationale for a cutoff at 12. The Introduction and Discussion address behavior and adolescence without saying that puberty hormones negatively affect behavioral patterns. Searches for puberty hormones and age-12 behavioral changes found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Jaber, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Ajman University (AE)
- Corresponding author
- Jaber, Mohamed Abdullah
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Oral Science
- Publisher
- FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 212-217
- ISSN
- 1678-7757 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4234331
- OpenAlex
- W2103263912
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 11.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Oral Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental Research and COVID-19
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, dental caries, caries prevalence, oral health status, periodontal disease, gingivitis, dental plaque, restorative dental treatment, treatment needs, oral hygiene, children and adolescents, neurodevelopmental disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Child, Dental Care for Disabled, Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities, Dental Caries, DMF Index, Female, Humans, Male, Oral Health, Oral Hygiene, Socioeconomic Factors, United Arab Emirates, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Sex Distribution, Dental Care for Children
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