EFFECTS OF LESIONS OF THE SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI AND OF p -CHLOROPHENYLALANINE ON THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE AND CORTICOSTERONE IN THE PLASMA, AND ON LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY OF RATS
Abstract
SUMMARY: Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and corticosterone in the plasma of adult female rats were measured sequentially at 4 h intervals for 24 h before and after lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei or treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine (to inhibit serotonin synthesis). After lesions or p-chlorophenylalanine treatment, the concentrations of ACTH were diminished relative to those in control animals and rhythmic changes could not be detected. However, injection of animals, pretreated with p-chlorophenylalanine, with 5-hydroxytryptophan (60 mg/kg) 8 h before the time when plasma ACTH is maximal in intact animals, stimulated ACTH secretion up to control values. Mean corticosterone concentrations in plasma remained unchanged (after lesions) or increased (after p-chlorophenylalanine). This increase was associated with an increased minimal concentration of corticosterone. After both treatments there was evidence of continued circadian or ultradian rhythms of corticosterone concentration. Locomotor activity of female rats given identical treatment, but without blood sampling, indicated that nocturnal activity was diminished after lesions whereas diurnal activity was enhanced after p-chlorophenylalanine treatment. Periodicity analysis detected the persistence of free-running circadian, and sometimes ultradian activity, rhythms. Adrenalectomy did not alter further the activity pattern observed in rats with lesions. These results therefore support the proposition that both the suprachiasmatic nuclei and the serotoninergic system play an irreplaceable role in the mechanism of ACTH secretory rhythms. The suprachiasmatic nuclei are also important for synchronization of locomotor activity and corticosterone rhythms, which may both persist after the suppression of ACTH rhythms.
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Lesions of the SCN in rats result in the loss of corticosteroid periodicity.
“As a confirmation, lesions of the SCN in rats result in the loss of corticosteroid periodicity [15, 16].”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [16]
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Kassi, E. N., & Chrousos, G. P. (2013) · HORMONES · doi:10.14310/horm.2002.1402 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
““circa-diem”, meaning “about one day”) rhythm in several physiologic processes, including hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal secretion.(72)”
BackgroundThe stimulation of GABAB receptors increases serotonin release in the rat suprachiasmatic area
François‐Bellan, A., HERY, M., Barrit, M. C., et al. (1987) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/0197-0186(87)90148-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Smarr, B. L., Schwartz, M. D., Wotus, C., & de la Iglesia, H. O. (2013) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/ict055 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Although the SCN-dependent nature of this glucocorticoid rhythm was established many years ago (Moore and Eichler 1972; Szafarczyk et al. 1979), how this physiological rhythm correlates with imposed changes in locomotor activity has only been demonstrated recently.”
BackgroundCircadian Rhythm of Serotonin Binding in Rat Brain—II. Influence of Sleep Deprivation and Imipramine
Wesemann, W., Rotsch, M., Schulz, E., & Zöfel, P. (1986) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528609066359 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Evidence for GABA control of serotonin metabolism in the rat suprachiasmatic area
François‐Bellan, A., Héry, M., Faudon, M., et al. (1988) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/0197-0186(88)90074-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
In Vivo Diurnal Variations of 5HT Release in Hypothalamic Nuclei
Martin, K. F., & Marsden, C. A. (1985) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-07837-0_6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Boer, G. J., Griffioen, H. A., Duindam, H., et al. (1993) · Journal of Interdisiplinary Cycle Research · doi:10.1080/09291019309360203 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Effects of p-chlorophenylalanine on thermoregulation and sleep in rats
Li, H., & Satinoff, E. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90367-i · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Komori, T. (2003) · Chemical Senses · doi:10.1093/chemse/bjg069 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Serum concentrations of ACTH and corticosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay (Szafarczyk et al., 1979; Armario and Castellanos, 1984).”
MethodSZAFARCZYK, A., IXART, G., Alonso, G., Malaval, F., Nouguier-Soulé, J., & ASSENMACHER, I. (1981) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(81)90192-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- SZAFARCZYK, A., IXART, G., MALAVAL, F., NOUGUIER-SOULÉ, J., & ASSENMACHER, I.
- Venue
- Journal of Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Bioscientifica
- Published
- 1979-10-01
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-16
- ISSN
- 0022-0795 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-6805
- OpenAlex
- W2039844298
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- suprachiasmatic nucleus, p-chlorophenylalanine, serotonin synthesis inhibition, 5-hydroxytryptophan, ACTH, corticosterone, circadian rhythm, ultradian rhythms, locomotor activity, adrenalectomy, female rats
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Corticosterone, Female, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, Hypothalamus, Motor Activity, Fenclonine, Secretory Rate, Serotonin, Supraoptic Nucleus, Rats
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