Cited by 294Smoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

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Predicting smoking cessation and major depression in nicotine-dependent smokers

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Naomi Breslau, Eric Otto Johnson·2000·American Journal of Public Health

DOI 10.2105/ajph.90.7.1122PMC PMC1446294

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OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship of nicotine dependence with smoking cessation and major depression, using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition (DSM-III-R). METHODS: In an epidemiologic study of young adults that used the FTND and the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule, 238 daily smokers were assessed with respect to nicotine dependence. Cessation (abstinence for 1 year or more) was assessed 2 years later. RESULTS: FTND-defined nicotine dependence predicted cessation, with non-dependent smokers 4 times more likely to quit. DSM-III-R-defined nicotine dependence also predicted cessation, but much more weakly. Number of cigarettes per day was the best predictor of cessation. FTND-defined dependence was unrelated to major depression, whereas DSM-III-R-defined dependence signaled a 3-fold risk for major depression. The association of DSM-III-R-defined nicotine dependence with major depression might be driven by the behavioral rather than the physiologic symptoms of dependence. CONCLUSIONS: The more a measure of dependence is based exclusively on level of daily smoking, the greater is its ability to predict cessation. The number of DSM-III-R behavioral symptoms might be an indicator of severity of dependence or of personality traits, which in turn might be associated with major depression.

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Authors: Breslau, N., & Johnson, E. O.
Affiliations: Henry Ford Health (US)
ORCID: Eric Otto Johnson
Venue: American Journal of Public Health
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Published: 2000-07-01
Volume: 90
Issue: 7
Pages: 1122-1127
ISSN: 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.90.7.1122
PMC: PMC1446294
OpenAlex: W2159022551
Cited by: 293
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 3.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (48802)
National Institute of Mental Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords: nicotine dependence, smoking cessation, major depressive disorder, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, DSM-III-R, cigarettes per day, young adults, personality traits, depression risk
MeSH terms: Adult, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Manuals as Topic, Michigan, Prognosis, Psychometrics, Tobacco Use Disorder, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Smoking Cessation

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Predicting smoking cessation and major depression in nicotine-dependent smokers

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