Cited by 93Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyPhysical Activity and HealthCardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention

Exercise, Vascular Wall and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update (Part 2)

Yung, Lai Ming, Laher, Ismail, Yao, Xiaoqiang, Chen, Zhen Yu, Huang, Yu, Leung, Fung Ping·2009·Sports Medicine

Abstract

There is much evidence extolling the virtues of physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD). The evidence derives from different population groups where leisure time physical activity reduced the risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality in both men and women. Recent meta-analyses have shown that large risk reductions for both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke can be achieved by moderate or intense physical activity. There are many data from human and animal studies confirming a beneficial role for exercise in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Physical inactivity and obesity/overweight are not only associated with a number of health-related risk factors, but are considered to be independent risk factors for CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Clinical trials confirm that lifestyle interventions (dietary modification and increased physical activity) reduce the risk of progressing from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. Moreover, epidemiological studies indicate that the risk of hypertension increases by being overweight. Modest increases in exercise intensity and frequency have hypotensive effects in sedentary hypertensive patients. Long-term training improves endothelium-dependent dilatation in the aorta and resistance arteries of the heart, whereas short-term training increases endothelial function in coronary conduit arteries. Overall, more scientific evidence will undoubtedly encourage the widespread advocacy of the clinical benefits of exercise therapy in the prevention and treatment of CVD.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2165/00007256-200939010-00004

Cites

142 of 142 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Physical exercise improves cognitive function, learning and memory, and significantly moderates age-related cognitive decline.

    “improves cognitive function, learning and memory, and significantly moderates age-related cognitive decline [2, 97, 104, 110, 187, 188, 200], reviewed in [10].”

    From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [200]

  • Higher levels of physical activity, exercise training, and overall cardiorespiratory fitness reduce the risk for hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke, and metabolic syndrome, and lower cardiovascular mortality.

    “Higher levels of physical activity, exercise training, and overall cardiorespiratory fitness reduce the risk for hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke, and metabolic syndrome, as well as lower cardiovascular mortality [104, 110, 178, 200].”

    From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [200]

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 144 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Yung, L. M., Laher, I., Yao, X., Chen, Z. Y., Huang, Y., & Leung, F. P.
Affiliations
Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
Corresponding author
Leung, Fung Ping
Venue
Sports Medicine
Published
2009
Volume
39
Issue
1
Pages
45-63
ISSN
0112-1642 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2917017869
Cited by
93
References
144
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
FWCI
1.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
  • Chinese University of Hong Kong
  • Health Canada
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Keywords
physical activity, cardiovascular disease, vascular wall, endothelial function, coronary artery disease, stroke, cardiovascular mortality, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, lifestyle intervention, impaired glucose tolerance
MeSH terms
Aging, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular System, Diabetes Mellitus, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Motor Activity, Risk Factors, Exercise, Metabolic Syndrome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review