Physical activity and stroke. A meta-analysis of observational data
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Based on studies published so far, the protective effect of physical activity on stroke remains controversial. Specifically, there is a lack of insight into the sources of heterogeneity between studies. METHODS: Meta-analysis of observational studies was used to quantify the relationship between physical activity and stroke and to explore sources of heterogeneity. In total, 31 relevant publications were included. Risk estimates and study characteristics were extracted from original studies and converted to a standard format for use in a central database. RESULTS: Moderately intense physical activity compared with inactivity, showed a protective effect on total stroke for both occupational (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.87) and leisure time physical activity (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.93). High level occupational physical activity protected against ischaemic stroke compared with both moderate (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.98) and inactive occupational levels (RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43-0.77). High level compared with low level leisure time physical activity protected against total stroke (RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71-0.85), haemorrhagic stroke (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.96) as well as ischaemic stroke (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.91). Studies conducted in Europe showed a stronger protective effect (RR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.33-0.66) than studies conducted in the US (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Lack of physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for both total stroke and stroke subtypes. Moderately intense physical activity is sufficient to achieve risk reduction.
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Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for ASCVD such as CAD and cerebrovascular disease.
“It is also a risk factor for ASCVD such as CAD and cerebrovascular disease577–587).”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [584]
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- Authors
- Wendel-Vos, G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-07-28
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 787-798
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- OpenAlex
- W2171630431
- Cited by
- 440
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Rivm Repository (Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- physical activity, stroke, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, occupational physical activity, leisure-time physical activity, stroke risk reduction, modifiable risk factors, study heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Brain Ischemia, Female, Humans, Leisure Activities, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Exercise, Intracranial Hemorrhages, Stroke
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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