The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cognitive Reserve in Aging
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive reserve explains why those with higher IQ, education, occupational attainment, or participation in leisure activities evidence less severe clinical or cognitive changes in the presence of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology. Specifically, the cognitive reserve hypothesis is that individual differences in how tasks are processed provide reserve against brain pathology. Cognitive reserve may allow for more flexible strategy usage, an ability thought to be captured by executive functions tasks. Additionally, cognitive reserve allows individuals greater neural efficiency, greater neural capacity, and the ability for compensation via the recruitment of additional brain regions. Taking cognitive reserve into account may allow for earlier detection and better characterization of age-related cognitive changes and Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, cognitive reserve is not fixed but continues to evolve across the lifespan. Thus, even late-stage interventions hold promise to boost cognitive reserve and thus reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other age-related problems.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The lifestyle factors underpinning cognitive reserve are potentially amenable to change and hence may provide a basis for preventative intervention [21, 22].”
From Social Isolation and Cognitive Function in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Education alone is not a comprehensive indication of cognitive reserve and it is suggested that multiple proxy indicators representing reserve at different stages of life are preferable [30, 31].”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“This approach is preferable as it accounts for the variance in reserve built at different stages of life [30, 31].”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept
STERN, Y. (2002) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617702813248 · Cited by 3,951
Self-citationStern, Y. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004 · Cited by 2,943
Self-citationAlzheimer Disease in the US Population: Prevalence Estimates Using the 2000 Census
Hebert, L. E., Scherr, P. A., Bienias, J. L., Bennett, D. A., & Evans, D. A. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.8.1119 · Cited by 2,168
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker signature in Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative subjects
Shaw, L. M., Vanderstichele, H., Knapik‐Czajka, M., Clark, C. M., Aisen, P. S., Petersen, R. C., Blennow, K., Soares, H., Simon, A., Lewczuk, P., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21610 · Cited by 2,065
Role of Genes and Environments for Explaining Alzheimer Disease
Gatz, M., Reynolds, C. A., Fratiglioni, L., Johansson, B., Mortimer, J. A., Berg, S., Fiske, A., & Pedersen, N. L. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168 · Cited by 1,798
Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease
Stern, Y. (1994) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510370056032 · Cited by 1,434
Self-citationInfluence of social network on occurrence of dementia: a community-based longitudinal study
Fratiglioni, L., Wang, H.-X., Ericsson, K., Maytan, M., & Winblad, B. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02113-9 · Cited by 1,361
Participation in Cognitively Stimulating Activities and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease
Wilson, R. S. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.6.742 · Cited by 1,352
(2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03589-3 · Cited by 1,338
Guskiewicz, K. M., Marshall, S. W., Bailes, J. E., McCrea, M., Cantu, R. C., RANDOLPH, C. C., & Jordan, B. D. (2005) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neurosurgery/57.4.719 · Cited by 1,226
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [13]Mortimer JA Shuman L French L Mortimer JA Shuman LM Epidemiology of dementing illness The epidemiology of dementia: Monographs in epidemiology and biostatistics Oxford University Press New York 323 333 1981
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 560
Does cognitive reserve moderate the association between mood and cognition? A systematic review
Opdebeeck, C., Quinn, C., Nelis, S. M., & Clare, L. (2015) · Reviews in Clinical Gerontology · doi:10.1017/s0959259815000155 · Cited by 20
Fusi, G., Giannì, J., Borsa, V. M., Colautti, L., Crepaldi, M., Palmiero, M., Garau, F., Bonfiglio, N. S., Cao, Y., Antonietti, A., et al. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12030303 · Cited by 20
The protective role of cognitive reserve: an empirical study in mild cognitive impairment
Marselli, G., Favieri, F., Forte, G., Corbo, I., Agostini, F., Guarino, A., & Casagrande, M. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01831-5 · Cited by 20
Doi, T., Shimada, H., Makizako, H., Lee, S., Park, H., Tsutsumimoto, K., Uemura, K., Yoshida, D., Anan, Y., & Suzuki, T. (2013) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000355553 · Cited by 20
Conceptual Art for the Aging Brain: Piloting an Art-Based Cognitive Health Intervention
Brown, C. J., Chirino, A. F. C., Cortez, C. M., Gearhart, C., & Urizar, G. G. (2020) · Activities Adaptation & Aging · doi:10.1080/01924788.2020.1719584 · Cited by 23
The pressure to communicate efficiently continues to shape language use later in life
Long, M. R., Rohde, H., & Rubio‐Fernández, P. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64475-6 · Cited by 20
Serum folate, vitamin B12and cognitive impairment in Chilean older adults
Castillo-Lancellotti, C., Margozzini, P., Valdivia, G. G., Padilla, O., Uauy, R. D., Rozowski, J., & Tur, J. A. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980014003206 · Cited by 20
Measures of cognitive reserve in Alzheimer's disease
Sobral, M., Pestana, M. H. D. A. P. E., & Paúl, C. (2014) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0012 · Cited by 20
Flatt, J. D., & Hughes, T. F. (2013) · Aging Health · doi:10.2217/ahe.13.11 · Cited by 31
Muñoz, R. C., & Barbero, F. L. (2018) · Aula Abierta · doi:10.17811/rifie.47.1.2018.113-122 · Cited by 19
Improvement in cognitive performance and mood in healthy older adults: a multimodal approach
Piccirilli, M., Pigliautile, M., Arcelli, P., Baratta, I., & Ferretti, S. (2019) · European Journal of Ageing · doi:10.1007/s10433-019-00503-3 · Cited by 21
Role of EEG in Measuring Cognitive Reserve: A Rapid Review
Šneidere, K., Mondini, S., & Stepens, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.00249 · Cited by 23
Montemurro, S., Mondini, S., & Arcara, G. (2021) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000770 · Cited by 20
Reserva cognitiva y habilidades lingüísticas en mayores sanos
López-Higes, R., Rubio-Valdehita, S., Prados, J. M., & Fuentes, M. G. (2013) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.5703.2013120 · Cited by 19
Characteristics and cognition of older adults engaged in lifelong learning
Wenzel, K. C., Puymbroeck, M. V., Lewis, S. T., McGuire, F. A., & Vidotto, J. (2024) · Educational Gerontology · doi:10.1080/03601277.2023.2299647 · Cited by 22
Physical and Cognitive Activities as Deterrents of Cognitive Decline in a Biracial Population Sample
Rajan, K. B., Barnes, L. L., Skarupski, K. A., de Leon, C. F. M., Wilson, R. S., & Evans, D. A. (2015) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2015.07.008 · Cited by 18
Maintaining long-term adherence to lifestyle interventions for cognitive health in late life
LAM, L. C. W., & Cheng, S. T. (2012) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610212001603 · Cited by 18
Opdebeeck, C., Quinn, C., Nelis, S. M., & Clare, L. (2015) · European Journal of Ageing · doi:10.1007/s10433-015-0359-7 · Cited by 18
Biundo, R., Fiorenzato, E., & Antonini, A. (2017) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.031 · Cited by 18
Foret, J. T., Dekhtyar, M., Birdsill, A. C., Tanaka, H., & Haley, A. P. (2020) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-020-00409-0 · Cited by 18
Cattaneo, G., Sánchez, J. S., Abellaneda‐Pérez, K., Portellano‐Ortiz, C., Delgado‐Gallén, S., Alviarez‐Schulze, V., Pachón‐García, C., Zetterberg, H., Tormos, J. M., Pascual‐Leone, Á., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.835415 · Cited by 22
Matyas, N., Auer, S., Gisinger, C., Kil, M., Aschenberger, F. K., Klerings, I., & Gartlehner, G. (2017) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0553-0 · Cited by 17
Cognitive reserve in stroke patients
Abdullah, A. H., Sharip, S., Rahman, A. H. A., & Bakar, L. (2021) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.423 · Cited by 17
Htun, H. L., Teshale, A. B., Ryan, J. L., Owen, A. J., Woods, R. L., Chong, T. T. ‐., Murray, A. M., Shah, R. C., Orchard, S. G., & Freak‐Poli, R. (2024) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.14055 · Cited by 17
Yang, Q., & Yu, T. (2024) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-024-05576-z · Cited by 19
Sartor‐Pfeiffer, J., Bettecken, K., Bernhard, F. P., Hofmann, M., Gladow, T., Lindig, T. M., Ciliz, M., ten Kate, M., Geritz, J., Heinzel, S., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00213 · Cited by 17
Júnior, R. C. F., Pieruccini‐Faria, F., & Montero‐Odasso, M. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.001 · Cited by 18
Lee, H., & Ang, S. (2019) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1177/0731121419892622 · Cited by 18
Pirker, J., Lesjak, I., Kopf, J., Kainz, A., & Dini, A. (2020) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41816-8_14 · Cited by 17
Cognitive reserve protects language functions in patients with brain tumours
Campanella, F., Arcara, G., Crescentini, C., Fabbro, F., & Škrap, M. (2021) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107769 · Cited by 17
Education level predicts retrospective metamemory accuracy in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Szajer, J., & Murphy, C. A. (2013) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.844771 · Cited by 17
Kang, D.-H., Boss, L., & Clowtis, L. (2016) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945916655796 · Cited by 18
Cognitive Skills and the Aging Brain: What to Expect.
Howieson, D. B. (2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 17
Cognitively Impaired Physicians: How Do We Detect Them? How Do We Assist Them?
Soonsawat, A., Tanaka, G., Lammando, M. A., Ahmed, I. I. K., & Ellison, J. M. (2018) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2018.01.203 · Cited by 17
Age-Modulated Associations between KIBRA, Brain Volume, and Verbal Memory among Healthy Older Adults
Stickel, A., Kawa, K., Walther, K., Glisky, E., Richholt, R., Huentelman, M., & Ryan, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00431 · Cited by 16
Elshiekh, A., Subramaniapillai, S., Rajagopal, S., Pasvanis, S., Ankudowich, E., & Rajah, M. N. (2020) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.003 · Cited by 18
Kang, W. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04887-5 · Cited by 16
Liou, J., Lou, J. J., Aguilar, L. F., Nakagiri, J., Yong, W. H., Hom, C. L., Doran, E. W., Totoiu, M. O., Lott, I. T., Mapstone, M. E., et al. (2025) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.14479 · Cited by 16
Does age matter? Age and rehabilitation of visual field disorders after brain injury
Schuett, S., & Zihl, J. (2012) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.04.008 · Cited by 16
Older Adults and Psychoanalytic Treatment: It's About Time
Plotkin, D. A. (2014) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2014.42.1.23 · Cited by 16
Lojo‐Seoane, C., Facal-Mayo, D., Guàrdia‐Olmos, J., Pereiro, A. X., Campos‐Magdaleno, M., Mallo, S. C., & Juncos‐Rabadán, O. (2019) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610219001248 · Cited by 17
APOE ε4 and cognitive reserve effects on the functional network in the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Initiative, A. D. N., Li, T., Wang, B., Gao, Y., Wang, X., Yan, T., Xiang, J., Niu, Y., Liu, T., Chen, D., et al. (2020) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-020-00283-w · Cited by 16
Cognitive reserve as a moderating factor between EDSS and cognition in multiple sclerosis
Tremblay, A., Charest, K., Brando, E., Roger, É., Duquette, P., & Rouleau, I. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.104482 · Cited by 16
Neighborhood Cohesion Across the Life Course and Effects on Cognitive Aging
Choi, J., Han, S. H., Ng, Y. T., & Muñoz, E. (2023) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbad095 · Cited by 15
Challenges in the Neuropathological Diagnosis of Dementias
Jellinger, K. A. (2012) · International Journal of Neuropathology · doi:10.7726/ijn.2013.1002 · Cited by 15
Kornisch, M., Robb, M. P., & Jones, R. D. (2016) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2016.1240236 · Cited by 16
Cognition in Adults and Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Chicken or Egg?
Chaytor, N. S. (2016) · Diabetes Spectrum · doi:10.2337/ds16-0050 · Cited by 17
Colombo, B., Balzarotti, S., & Greenwood, A. (2018) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1080/07317115.2018.1447526 · Cited by 15
Migliore, S., D’Aurizio, G., Scaricamazza, E., Maffi, S., Ceccarelli, C., Ristori, G., Romano, S., Castaldo, A., Fichera, M., Curcio, G., et al. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12010036 · Cited by 15
Spooner, R., Ranasinghe, S., Urasa, S. J., Yoseph, M., Koipapi, S., Mukaetova-Ladinska, E. B., Lewis, T., Howlett, W. P., Dekker, M. C. J., Kisoli, A., et al. (2022) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002934 · Cited by 15
Corrêa, F. I., Costa, G. C., Souza, P. H. L., Marduy, A., Parente, J., da Cruz, S. F., Cunha, M. D. S., Freitas, M. B., Alves, D. C., Silva, S. M., et al. (2022) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2022.2081638 · Cited by 16
Lin, L., Jin, Y., Xiong, M., Wu, S., & Sun, S. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151411336 · Cited by 16
Martins, I. P., Maruta, C., Silva, C., Rodrigues, P. V. F., Chester, C., Ginó, S., Freitas, V., Freitas, S., & Oliveira, A. G. (2012) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/09084282.2012.670145 · Cited by 15
Protective Effects of Mangiferin in Subchronic Developmental Lead-Exposed Rats
Li, H., Deng, J., Du, Z., Yan, M., Long, Z.-X., Thi, P.-T. P., & Yang, K. (2013) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-013-9610-2 · Cited by 15
Gurnani, A. S., John, S. E., & Gavett, B. E. (2015) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acv005 · Cited by 15
Kim, G. H., Im, K., Kwon, H., Seo, S. W., Ye, B. S., Cho, H., Noh, Y., Lee, J. M., Kim, S. T., Park, S. E., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00198 · Cited by 18
History-inspired reflections on the Bilingual Advantages Hypothesis
Titone, D. A., Gullifer, J. W., Subramaniapillai, S., Rajah, N., & Baum, S. R. (2017) · Studies in bilingualism · doi:10.1075/sibil.53.13tit · Cited by 15
Impact of cognitive reserve on dance intervention-induced changes in brain plasticity
Mitterová, K., Klobušiaková, P., Minsterová, A. Š., Kropáčová, S., Balážová, Z., Točík, J., Vaculíková, P., Skotáková, A., Grmela, R., & Rektorová, I. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97323-2 · Cited by 14
Quality of Education and Late-Life Cognitive Function in a Population-Based Sample From Puerto Rico
Barba, C., García, A. F., Clay, O. J., Wadley, V. G., Andel, R., Dávila, A. L., & Crowe, M. G. (2021) · Innovation in Aging · doi:10.1093/geroni/igab016 · Cited by 14
Ebert, T., Heinz, D. E., Almeida-Corrêa, S., Cruz, R., Dethloff, F., Štark, T., Bajaj, T., Maurel, O. M., Ribeiro, F. M., Calcagnini, S., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.731603 · Cited by 14
Hu, M., Gao, Y., Kwok, T. C. Y., Shao, Z., Xiao, L. D., & Feng, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.755005 · Cited by 14
Neuropathologic Assessment of Dementia Markers in Identical and Fraternal Twins
Iacono, D., Volkmann, I., Nennesmo, I., Pedersen, N. L., Fratiglioni, L., Johansson, B. E. A., Karlsson, D., Winblad, B. G., & Gatz, M. (2014) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12127 · Cited by 14
Calidad del sueño y déficit de memoria en el envejecimiento sano
Cruz, T., García, L., Álvarez, M. A., & Manzanero, A. L. (2019) · Neurología · doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2018.10.001 · Cited by 14
Fournet, M., Pernon, M., Chiuvé, S. C., Lopez, U., & Laganaro, M. (2021) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218211034130 · Cited by 17
Cuestionario de reserva cognitiva: análisis psicométrico desde la teoría de respuesta al ítem
Martino, P., Caycho‐Rodríguez, T., Valencia, P. D., Politis, D. G., Gallegos, M., de Bortoli, M. Á., & Garnero, M. C. (2022) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.7507.2022113 · Cited by 13
Mulhauser, K. R. W., Hampstead, B. M., Coughlin, L. N., & Ilgen, M. A. (2023) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617723000061 · Cited by 14
Mohapatra, B., & Dash, T. (2023) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00119 · Cited by 13
Leisure activity participation among older adults: a review
Yueh, K.-Y., & Chang, W. (2024) · Leisure Studies · doi:10.1080/02614367.2024.2353604 · Cited by 13
Birth Cohorts and Cognitive Reserve Influence Cognitive Performances in Older Adults
Turcotte, V., Initiative, A. D. N., Potvin, O., Dadar, M., Hudon, C., & Duchesne, S. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-215044 · Cited by 15
Hadjichrysanthou, C., Initiative, A. D. N., McRae‐McKee, K., Evans, S., de Wolf, F., & Anderson, R. M. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180101 · Cited by 13
High-resolution multi-shot diffusion imaging of structural networks in healthy neurocognitive aging
Merenstein, J. L., Zhao, J., Mullin, H. A., Rudolph, M. D., Song, A. W., & Madden, D. J. (2023) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120191 · Cited by 12
Cognitive reserve, cortisol, and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: A memory clinic study
Yerramalla, M. S., Darin‐Mattsson, A., Udeh‐Momoh, C. T., Holleman, J., Kåreholt, I., Aspö, M., Hagman, G., Kivipelto, M., Solomon, A., Marseglia, A., et al. (2024) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13866 · Cited by 12
Second language learning in older adults modulates Stroop task performance and brain activation
Schultz, D. H., Gansemer, A., Allgood, K., Gentz, M., Secilmis, L., Deldar, Z., Savage, C. R., & Saidi, L. G. (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2024.1398015 · Cited by 12
Fernandes, S. M. S. R., Araújo, A. M., Vázquéz-Justo, E., Pereira, C., Silva, A., Paúl, N., Yubero, R., & Maestú, F. (2018) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2018.1490456 · Cited by 12
Bertola, L., de Ávila, R. T., Bicalho, M. A. C., & Malloy‐Diniz, L. F. (2019) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0290 · Cited by 12
Occupational cognitive complexity and episodic memory in old age
Sörman, D. E., Stenling, A., Sundström, A., Rönnlund, M., Vega‐Mendoza, M., Hansson, P., & Ljungberg, J. K. (2021) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2021.101598 · Cited by 12
Could cognitive estimation ability be a measure of cognitive reserve?
D’Aniello, G. E., Castelnuovo, G., & Scarpina, F. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00608 · Cited by 12
Sapkota, S., Ramirez, J., Stuss, D. T., Masellis, M., & Black, S. E. (2018) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-018-0419-2 · Cited by 12
Effects of Cognitive Reserve on Cognition in Individuals With Central Nervous System Disease
Jammula, V., Leeper, H., Gilbert, M. R., Cooper, D., & Armstrong, T. S. (2021) · Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology · doi:10.1097/wnn.0000000000000282 · Cited by 12
Kornisch, M., Robb, M. P., & Jones, R. D. (2017) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2017.1305448 · Cited by 12
Cognitive reserve: Concept, determinants, and promotion
Pinto, C., & Tandel, K. Y. (2016) · Journal of Geriatric Mental Health · doi:10.4103/2348-9995.181916 · Cited by 13
Bilingual experience and executive control over the adult lifespan: The role of biological sex
Subramaniapillai, S., Rajah, M. N., Pasvanis, S., & Titone, D. A. (2018) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728918000317 · Cited by 14
Discovering markers of healthy aging: a prospective study in a Danish male birth cohort
Zarnani, K., Nichols, T. E., Alfaro‐Almagro, F., Fagerlund, B., Lauritzen, M., Rostrup, E., & Smith, S. M. (2019) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.102151 · Cited by 13
Gervais, M.-È., Couture, M., Blanc, S. L., Blanchet, S., Gagné, M.-È., & Ouellet, M. (2017) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.1080/02703181.2017.1339758 · Cited by 11
Briggs, R., Kennelly, S., & O’Neill, D. J. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06200-2_15 · Cited by 12
Saywell, I., Foreman, L. M., Child, B., Phillips‐Hughes, A. L., Collins‐Praino, L. E., & Baetu, I. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105672 · Cited by 13
Veronelli, L., Tosi, G., & Romano, D. (2024) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.12.002 · Cited by 11
Haider, S., & Tabassum, S. (2018) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2018.09.003 · Cited by 11
Suchy, Y., Mullen, C. M., Brothers, S. L., & Niermeyer, M. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2020.1832203 · Cited by 11
Cognitive Reserve and language processing demand in healthy older adults
Montemurro, S., Jarema, G., & Mondini, S. (2021) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2021.1896012 · Cited by 11
Does cognitive aging follow an orchid and dandelion phenomenon?
Rodrigues, E. A., Christie, G. J., Farzan, F., & Moreno, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.986262 · Cited by 11
Chong, E. K. C., Tay, L. B. G., Chong, M. S., & Brodaty, H. (2015) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610215000770 · Cited by 11
Gertje, E. C., Pluta, J. B., Das, S. R., Mancuso, L., Kliot, D., Yushkevich, P. A., & Wolk, D. A. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-160014 · Cited by 11
Vázquez, F. L., Torres, Á., Otero, P., Blanco, V., López, L., García-Casal, A., & Arrojo, M. (2019) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3859-5 · Cited by 11
Dharmarajan, T. S., & Dharmarajan, T. S. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1623-5_4 · Cited by 12
Neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve effects in the Caudate Nucleus of young bilingual adults
Gallo, F., Terekhina, L., Юрьевич, Ш. Ю., & Myachykov, A. (2023) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728923000457 · Cited by 10
Hernandez, C. M., McCuiston, M. A., Davis, K., Halls, Y., Zotto, J. P. C. D., Jackson, N. L., Dobrunz, L. E., King, P. H., & McMahon, L. L. (2024) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100798 · Cited by 11
Self‐Reported Head Trauma Predicts Poor Dual Task Gait in Retired National Football League Players
Manor, B. D., Zhou, J., Lo, O., Zhu, H., Gouskova, N., Yu, W., ZAFONTE, R. D., Lipsitz, L. A., Travison, T. G., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2019) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25638 · Cited by 10
Powell, S. M., Hauff, C., & Fasczewski, K. S. (2023) · International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/24711616.2023.2168222 · Cited by 9
Categorical Perception of Lexical Tones in Mandarin-Speaking Seniors
Yan, F., Peng, G., & Wang, W. Y. (2022) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00584 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- M. Tucker, A., & Stern, Y.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Stern, Y.
- Venue
- Current Alzheimer Research
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2011-06-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 354-360
- ISSN
- 1567-2050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3135666
- OpenAlex
- W2155397742
- Cited by
- 561
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 18.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Alzheimer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG026158, Z01AG000261, T32AG00261, T32AG000261)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- cognitive reserve, cognitive aging, Alzheimer's disease, executive function, neural efficiency, educational attainment, leisure, age-related cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Humans, Individuality, Leisure Activities, Cognitive Reserve, Neuroimaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review